PAN 
PENDULOUS HEADS OF FLOWERS 
are fuch as hang downward. 
P E N N AT ED. A pennated leaf (called in Laftn 
Folium Pmnatum ) is a compound leaf, divided into 
feveral parts (each of which is called a lobe,) placed 
along the middle rib, either alternately, or by pairs. 
When the middle rib is terminated by an odd lobe, 
it is laid to be unequally pennated, and equally pen- 
nated, when it is not terminated by an odd lobe. 
When the lobes are all nearly of the lame form and 
bignefs, it is called an uniform pennated leaf when 
they are not fo, it is faid to be difform. Examples 
of pennated leaves are the Afli, 'Walnut, &c. 
P E IN N Y-R O Y A L. See Pulegium. 
PENTAPETALOUS FLOWERS are fuch 
as have five leaves. 
PENTAP E T E S. Lin. Gen. Plant 757. Aleea. 
Rail Supp. 523. 
The Characters are, 
The flower has for the moft part a double empalement , the 
outer being fmall and compojed op three leaves , the inner 
is cut into five parts which are reflexed. It has five ob- 
long petals which fpread open , and fifteen narrow fiamina 
joined in a tube at their bafe y with five long coloured fum- 
mits, which are eredt and barren \ between each of thefe 
are three fiamina , terminated by oblong ere P fummits. It 
has a roundifh germen, with a cylindrical fiyle the length 
of the fiamina, crowned by a thick fiigma. The germen 
afterward becomes an oval capfule with five cells , filled 
with oblong feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the third feftion of 
Linnaeus’s fixteenth clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whofe flowers have many ftamina which are connect- 
ed with the ftyle, forming together a column. 
We have but one Species of this genus at prefent 
in the Engliffi gardens, viz. 
Pentapetes ( Phoenicia ) foliis haftato-lanceolatis ferratis. 
Lin. Sp. Plant. 698. Pentapetes with halbert-pointed , 
fpear-Jhaped , faived leaves. Alcea Indica lucido hafta- 
to folio, flore blattarie Phoenicio. Raii Supp. 523. 
Indian Vervain Mallow with a lucid fpear-Jhaped leaf 
and a fcarlet flower like Moth Mullein. 
Thisplantgrowsnaturallyinlndia, fromwhence I have 
feveral times received the feeds ; it is an annual plant 
which dies in the autumn, foon after it has ripened 
the feeds. It hath an upright ftalk from two to near 
three feet high, fending out fide branches the whole 
length ; thole from the lower part of the ftalks are the 
longeft, the others gradually diminifh, fo as to form 
a fort of pyramid. Thefe are garnilhed with leaves 
of different forms •, the lower leaves, which are larg- 
eft, are cut on their fides towards the bafe into two 
fide lobes which are fhort, and the middle is extend- 
ed two or three inches farther in length, fo that the 
leaves greatly refemble the points of halberts in their 
fhape *, they are flightly fawed on their edges, and 
are of a lucid green on their upper fide, but are paler 
on their under. Handing upon pretty long foot-ftalks. 
The leaves which are on the upper part of the 
branches are much narrower, and fome of them have 
very fmall indentures on their fides thefe fit clofer 
to the ftalks, and are placed alternately. From the 
wings of the ftalks the flowers come out ; they are 
for the moft part fingle, but fometimes there are two 
arifmg at the fame place from the fides of the foot- 
ftalk of the leaves. The foot-ftalk of the flower is 
fhdrt and fiender. The exterior empalement of the 
flower is compofed of three fhort leaves, which fall 
off' foon •, the interior is of one leaf, cut at the top 
into five acute fegments, which fpread open, and are 
almoft as long as the petal. The flower is of one pe- 
tal, cut into five obtufe fegments almoft to the bottom, 
but as they are joined and fall off in one piece, fo the 
flower is monopetalous, according to Mr. Ray and 
Tournefort. In the center of the flower arifes a fhort 
thick column, to which adhere fifteen fhort ftamina, 
terminated by oblong ereft fummits, and between 
every third ftamina is fituated a larger ftamina, with 
an oblong erect fummit of a deep red colour 1 thefe 
PER 
uve laige lummits are barren, having no farina fcs- 
cundens upon them. Between the ftamina is fituated 
a roundifh germen, fupporting a ftyk the length of 
the ftamina, which is crowned by a thick ftigma. 
T hefe being all joined at their bafe into a fort of co- 
lumn, _ diftinguifti the tribe to which it belongs, 
which is the malvaceous fo that though the flower at 
firft appearance greatly refembles the flowers of Moth 
Mullein, yet upon examination of its effential cha- 
rafters, it will be found to belong to the clafs here 
mentioned. The flowers are of a fine fcarlet colour, 
appearing in July, and are fucceeded by roundifti 
capfules with five cells, which are a little woody, 
each cell inclofing three or four oblong feeds, which 
ripen In the autumn. 
The feeds of this plant muft be fown upon a good 
hot-bed early in March, and when the plants are fit 
to tranfplant, there ihould be a new .hot- bed prepared 
to receive them, into which fhould be plunged home 
fmall pots filled with good kitchen-garden earth ■, in 
each of theie fhould be one plant put, giving them a 
little water to fettle the earth to their roots ; they mult 
alio be (haded from the fun till they have taken new 
root, then they fhould be treated in the fame way as 
other tender exotic plants, admitting the free air to 
them every day in proportion to the warmth of the 
feafon, and covering the glailes with mats every even- 
ing to keep them warm. When the plants are ad- 
vanced in their growth fo as to fill the pots with their 
roots, they fhould be fhifted into larger pots, filled 
with the fame fort of earth as before, and plunged 
into another hot-bed, where they may remain as long 
as they can ftand under the glaffes of the bed witlm 
out being injured j and afterward they mull be re- 
moved either into a ftove or a glafs-cafe, where they 
may be fcreened from the cold, and in warm weather 
have plenty of frelh air admitted to them. With 
this management the plants will begin to flower early 
in July, and there will be a fucceffion of flowers con- 
tinued till the end of September, during which time 
they will make a good appearance. The feeds ripen 
gradually after each other in the fame fucceffion as 
the flowers were produced, fo they fhould be gather- 
ed as foon as their capfules begin to open at the top. 
Thefe plants are fometimes turned out of the pots, 
when they are ffrong and planted in warm borders, 
where, if the feafons prove very warm, the plants 
will flower pretty well ; but thele very rarely per- 
fect their feeds, fo that in order to have them in per- 
fection, they muft be treated in the manner before 
directed. 
PENTAPHYLLOIDES. See Potentilla. 
PENTHORUM. Gronov. Virg. 51. Lin. Gen, 
Plant. 580. 
The Characters are, 
The flower hath a permanent empalement of one leaf cut 
into five equal fegments the flower has fometimes five 
fmall narrow petals fituated between the fegments of the 
empalement , and ten equal briftly fiamina twice the length 
of the empalement , which are permanent , terminated by 
roundifh deciduous fummits. It hath a coloured germen 
with five ftyles the length of the fiamina , crowned by ob- 
tufe fiigmas •, and a fingle five-cornered conical capfule ha- 
ving five cells , filled with fmall compreffed feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fourth feftion of 
Linnaeus’s tenth clafs, intitled Decandria Pentagynia, 
which contains thofe plants whofe flowers have ten 
ftamina and five ftyles. 
We have but one Species of this genus, viz. 
Penthorum ( Sedoides .) Gron. Virg. 51. Lin. Sp. 620. 
Penthorum like Houfleek. 
This is a biennial plant, which grows naturally in 
Virginia. The ftalks rife about a foot high, garnifh- 
ed with oblong leaves placed alternately, and are ter- 
minated by clufters of greenifti yellow flowers, which 
make little appearance ^ thefe are fucceeded by five- 
cornered conical capfules, filled with fmall compreffed 
feeds. The flowers appear the latter end of July, and 
the feeds ripen in the autumn. 
As 
