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at this feafon juft above the bud, for the buds will 
rarely (hoot unlefs this is performed ; and the nearer 
they are cut to the bud, the fooner will the head of 
the ftock be covered by the buds ; for although it 
may be neceflary to leave a part of the ftock above 
the bud, in thofe trees which are in the nuriery, to 
which the (hoots made by the buds may be fattened, 
to prevent their being broken by the wind j yet as 
theie are placed againft the wall, to which the Ihoots 
may be fattened, there will be no want of any part of 
the ftock. 
In watering thefe new planted trees, which fhould not 
be done unlefs the fpring proves very dry, you (hould 
obferve to do it with a noffel upon the watering-pot, 
fo as to let it out in drops •, for when it is haftily 
poured down, it caufes the ground to bind ; and if you 
water over the head of the tree, it will be of great 
fervice to it. Your waterings Ihpuid not be repeated 
too often, nor Ihould they be given in great quantity, 
both which are very injurious to new planted trees. 
In the middle or latter end of May, when thefe trees 
will have feveral Ihoots fix or eight inches in length, 
you Ihould nail them to the wall, obferving to train 
them horizontally, rubbing off all fore-right Ihoots, 
of fuch as are weak, whereby thofe which are preferved 
will be much ftronger •, but if there are not more than 
two fhoots produced, and thofe veryftrong, you ihould 
at the fame time nip off their tops, which will caufe 
each of them to pulh out two or more (hoots, whereby 
the wall will be better fupplied with branches ; you 
mutt alfo continue to refrefh them with water in dry 
weather, during the whole feafon, otherwife they will 
be apt to fuffer-, for their roots having but little 
hold of the ground the firft year after tranfplanting, 
if the feafon Ihould prove very dry, it will greatly 
retard their growth, if due care be not taken to water 
them. 
In the beginning of O&ober, when you obferve the 
trees have done (hooting, you (hould prune them ; in 
doing of which, you mutt Ihorten the branches in pro- 
portion to the ftrength of the tree •, which, if ftrong, 
may be left eight inches long, but if weak, (hould be 
Ihortened to four or five * then you (hould train them 
horizontally to the wall (as was before directed,) fo 
that the middle of the trees may be void of branches, 
for that part of the tree will be eafily furniftied with 
wood afterwards ; whereas, if the fhoots are trained 
perpendicularly to the wall, thofe which are the ftrong- 
eft, will draw the greateft (hare of the fap from the 
roots, and mount upwards ; fo that the fide branches 
will be deprived of their nouriffiment and grow weak- 
er, until they many times decay •, and this is the rea- 
fon that we fee fo many Peach-trees with one or two 
upright fhoots in the middle, and the two fides wholly 
unfurnifned with branches, whereby the middle of each 
tree cannot produce any fruit, that being filled with 
large wood, which never produces any bearing (hoots. 
Nor can the two fides of the trees be regularly filled 
with fruitful branches, when this defedt happens to 
them ; therefore this method (hould be carefully ob- 
ferved in the training up young trees, for when they 
are permitted to run into diforder at firft, it will be 
impoffible to reduce them into a regular healthful 
(late afterwards, the wood of thefe trees being too 
foft and pithy to admit of being cut down (as may be i 
praftifed on many other hardy fruit-trees, which will 
(hoot out vigoroufly again •,) whereas thefe will gum 
the places where they are wounded, and in a few 
years entirely decay. 
The fummer following, when the trees begin to (hoot, 
you (hould carefully look over them, to rub off ail 
fore-right buds, or fuch as are ill placed, and train 
thofe which are defigned to remain horizontally to the 
wall, in their due order as they are produced, for this 
is the principal feafon when you can beft order the 
trees as you would have them whereas, if they are 
neglefted until Midfumrner, as is the common prac- 
tice, a great part of the nouriffiment will be ex- 
hau'fted by fare- right ihoots, and other ufelefs branches, 
which rnuft afterwards be cut off; and hereby there- j 
PER 
maining (Loots will be rendered very weak, and per- 
haps fame part of the wall be entirely l urnifhed with 
branches - 5 which might have been eafily fupplied in 
May, by (lopping feme of the ftronger ihoots in fuch 
parts of the tree where there is a neceffity for more 
branches, which would caufe each of them to (hoot 
out two or more fide branches below the ends of the 
(hoots, which may be guided into the vacant parts of 
the tree as they are produced, fo as that every part may 
be regularly furnilhed with proper wood, which is the 
greateft beauty and excellency of wall-trees j but you 
Ihould always forbear (topping the (hoots in fummer, 
where there is not a neceffity for branches to fill the 
wall ; for there cannot be a greater fault committed, 
than that of multiplying the number of (hoots, fo as to 
caufe a confufion, whereby the branches will be too 
weak to produce good fruit •, befides, when they are 
too clofe laid in againft the wall, the air is excluded 
from the fhoots by the great number of leaves, fo that 
they are never duly ripened ; and confequently, what 
fruit is produced thereon, cannot be fo well tailed, as 
thofe which are produced upon fuch trees where the 
(hoots receive all the advantages of the fun and air to 
bring them to maturity. 
Thus having fet down the method of training up 
young trees, I (hall now proceed to their pruning 
and future management ; which, being the fame as 
with full grown trees, will ferve for general directions 
how to manage thefe forts of fruit. 
In the pruning of Peach and Ne6larine-trees (which 
require the fame management) the two following rules 
(hould be ftribtly obierved, viz. Firft, That every 
part of the tree be equally furnifhed wkh bearing 
wood j and fecondly, That the branches are not laid 
in too clofe to each other for the reafons before laid 
down (with fome others which will be hereafter in- 
ferted.) As to the firft, it muft be obferved, That 
Peach and Ne&arine-trees produce their fruit upon 
the young wood, either of the preceding year, or at 
moil, the two years fhoots, after which age they do 
not bear ^ therefore the branches (hould be (hortened, 
fo as to caufe them to produce new fhoots annually in 
every part of the tree j which cannot be done in the 
ordinary method of pruning, where perfens neglect 
their trees at the proper feafon when they are mod 
capable of management, which is in April, May, and 
June ; at which time the luxuriant growth of branches 
may be checked by pinching, and new fhoots pro- 
duced where they are wanting, by (lopping the neigh- 
bouring branches •, which (hoots, being produced at 
that fealon, will have time enough to ripen and gain 
ftrength before the autumn comes on ; whereas all 
thofe (hoots which are produced after the middle of 
June, will be crude and pithy ; and though they may 
fometimes produce a few bloffoms, yet thofe rarely 
bring fruit •, nor are the future branches good which, 
are produced from fuch wood, the veffels being too 
large to ftrain the juices, fo that they eafily admit of 
great quantities of crude nouriffiment to pafs through 
them. Therefore thofe perfons who only regard their 
wall-trees at two different feafons, viz. the winter and 
Midfumrner pruning, cannot poffibly have them in 
good order ; for when all the branches which were 
produced in the fpring, are permitted to remain un- 
til the middle or latter end of June (as is the common 
practice) fome of the mod vigorous will draw the 
greateft part of the nourifliment from the weaker 
branches, which, when the ftrong ones are taken off, 
will be too weak to produce fair fruit ; and hereby 
the ftrength of the tree is exhaufted, to nourifh the 
ufelefs branches which are annually cut off again j and 
thus are too many trees managed, and at the lame time 
complaints made of their luxuriancy j be caufe two or 
three fhoots, by drawing away the greateft (hare of the 
nouriffiment grow very ftrong and woody (-whereas, 
if the nouriffiment had been equally diftri bated to a 
regular quantity of branches, there would be no fign 
of their too great ftrength) until by often cutting oft” 
thefe vigorous branches, the trees are either entirely 
deftroyed, or at lead rendered fo weak as not to be 
able 
