P E U , 
white, and not more than half the length of the em- 
palement. After the flower is paft, the four germen 
in the center become fo many oblong feeds wrapped 
up in a fringed cover. 
The Doctor found a variety of this with blue petals, 
of the fame bright colour with the empalement, 'Which 
made a fine appearance, every branch being termi- 
nated by a long firing of thefe flowers, fothat he has 
ranked this afnong the firft clafs of beautiful Ameri- 
can trees. 
So far as I have been able to difcover from the dried 
famples which the Dodtor brought to England, it ap- 
pears that there are male and female flowers either on 
different parts of the fame tree, or upon different trees •, 
for one fpike of flowers feetns to be entirely male, and 
the other fpikes are female, but the Dotftor has not 
noticed this in his manufcript. 
This is propagated by feeds, which muft be obtained 
from the places where the trees grow naturally, and 
thefe are very few good ; for, from the feeds which 
the Debtor fent to England, there were but two plants 
railed, though the feeds were diftributed to feveral 
perfons ; and this is a fort of confirmation of the 
fpikes of flowers being of different fexes, and that 
the feeds gathered by the Dobtor, were taken either 
from trees at fcme diftance from the male, or fuch 
parts of the fame tree which were remote from the 
male flowers. The feeds muft be fown in a good 
hot-bed, and when the plants come up, they fhould 
* be each planted in a feparate fmall pot filled with 
light loamy earth, and plunged into a hot-bed of tan- 
ners bark, and afterwards placed in the bark-bed in the 
flove, where they fhould conftantly remain, and be 
treated like other plants of the fame country. 
PETROSELINUM. See Apium. 
PEUCED ANUM. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 318. tab. 
169. Lin. Gen. Plant. 302. Hogs-fennel, or Sul- 
phur-wort. 
The Characters are, 
It hath an umbelliferous flower. The principal umbel is 
compofed of feveral long narrow umbels which fpread 
open. ‘The cover of the large umbel is compofed of many 
linear reflexed leaves. The empalement ofl the flower is 
fmall and indented in five pc -ts. The petals ofi the great 
uynbel are uniform. h wer is compofed ofi five ob- 
long incurved petal:, wGcb are equal and entire ; they 
have each five h . - , terminated by fingle funi- 
mits , -with an yrmen fituated under the flower , 
fiupporting two j Jtyles y crowned by obtufie ftigmas. 
The germen afterward in i ■ to an oval fruit channelled 
on each fide , fplittingm awn pc. j, containing two feeds 
convex on one fide , comprefied on the other , with three 
rafied furrows , and a broad membra vzceous border indented 
at the top. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond febtion 
of Linnaeus’s fifth clafs, which includes the plants 
whofe flowers have five ftamina and two ftyles. 
The Species are, 
1. Peucedanum ( Officinale ) foliis quinquies tripartitis 
Hnearibus. Lin. Sp. Plant. 3 58. Hogs-fennel with leaves 
which are divided by fives , and thefe are again divided 
into three linear fegments. Peucedanum Germanicum. 
C. B. P. 149. German Hogs-fennel. 
2. Peucedanum ( Italkum ) foliis tripartitis filiformibus 
longiotibus, umbellis difformibus. Hogs-fennel with 
leaves cut into - three parts , which are longer , fender , and 
have irregular umbels. Peucedanum majus Italicum. 
C. B. P. 149. Greater Italian Hogs-fennel. 
3. Peucedanum (. Alpeftre ) foliolis linearibus ramofis. 
Hart. Cliff 94. Hogs-fennel with leaves branchings 
which are very fender. Ferula foliis libanotidis brevi- 
oribus, alpeftris, umbellis ampliffimis. Boerh. Ind. 
alt. r. p. 65. 
4. Peucedanum {Minus) foliis pinnatis, foliolis pinnati- 
fidis, laciniis linearibus oppofitis, caule ramofiffimo 
patulo. Flor. Angl. 1 o 1 . Hogs-fennel with winged leaves 
whofe cuts are linear and oppofite, with a fpr ending branch- 
ing, folk. 
5. Peucedanum ( Nodofum ) foliolis alternatim muJtifi- 
dis. Hart. Cliff. 94. Hogs-fennel with many-pointed 
P E U 
leaves placed alternately, Silaum (quod hgufbcurn 
Creticum, foliis fceniculi caule nodo’fo. Tourn. Cor. 
2'30 
i he firft fort is faid to grow naturally in England, 
but i have riot, been lucky enough to find it, though 
r have fearehed the places where it is mentioned, but 
it grows in leveral parts of Germany in marfhy mea- 
dows. This hath a perennial root, which divides in- 
to many ftrong fibres running deep in the ground, 
from which ante the foot-ftalks of the leaves whiff# 
are channelled ^ thefe are naked at bottom, but about 
four or five inches from the root branches into five 
fmaller foot-ftalks, and thefe again divide into three, 
and each of thefe divifions fuilain three narrow leaves, 
which when bruifed emit a ftrong Lent like fulphur. 
The ftalks rife near two feet high ; they are channel- 
led, and divide into two or three branches, each being 
terminated by a large regular umbel of yellow flowers^ 
compofed of feveral fmall umbels which are circular. 
Thefe flowers appear in June, and are fucceeded by 
comprefled feeds, which are deeply furrowed, and 
ripen in the autumn. 
The fecond fort grows naturally on the mountains, 
and aifo in the low valleys by the Tides of rivers in 
Italy. The root of this is perennial, ftriking deep 
into the ground ■, the foot-ftalks of the leaves are 
large and furrowed, dividing into three fmall branches, 
which are again divided into three, and thefe end 
with three long narrow lobes or fmall leaves, which 
are much longer than thofe of the other fort. The 
ftalks which fuftain the umbels rife near three feet 
high, and divide toward the top into feveral fmall 
branches, each fuftaining an umbel compofed of fe- 
veral fmaller rays or umbels, which ftand upon very 
long foot-ftalks, that fpread out irregularly. The 
flowers of this are yellow, and fhaped like thofe of 
the former, but are much larger, as are alio the feeds, 
but have the fame form as the other. It flowers and 
perfebh feeds about the fame time as the former. 
The third fort grows naturally in the foreft of Fon- 
tainbleau, and fome other parts of France ; it hath a 
perennial root, from which come out leaves which 
branch into feveral divifions, that divide again into 
fmaller ; each of thefe fmaller divifions are garnifhed 
with five fhort narrow leaves. The ftalks are round, 
and not fo deeply channelled as either of the former, 
luftaining a large umbel of yellow flowers fliaped like 
thofe of the former forts ; the feeds are fliorter, but 
of the fame fhape as thofe. It flowers in June, and 
the feeds ripen the beginning of September. 
The fourth fort grows naturally on St. Vincent’s rock 
near Briftol ; this is a biennial plant, which perilhes 
foon after it has perfected its feeds. The leaves of 
this fort are fhort and very narrow, fpreading near the 
furface of the ground ; the ftalks rife near a foot high, 
but are branched almoft from the bottom thefe 
branches are almoft horizontal, and are garnifhed with 
a few narrow fhort leaves of a lucid green. Each, 
jftalk is terminated by a fmall umbel of flowers, which 
are of an herbaceous yellow colour and fmall. Thefe 
are fucceeded by fmall channelled feeds. 
The fifth fort grows naturally in Crete ; it is not a 
plant of long duration in England, nor do the feeds 
ripen well here. The ftalks rife a foot and a half 
high, having pretty large knots at the joints, from 
which arifes a leaf cut into many divifions ; the flowers 
terminate the ftalks in umbels, and appear the begin- 
ning of July, and in warm feafons the feeds will ri- 
pen in the autumn. 
The firft fort ftands in the lift of medicinal plants, 
but is at prefent rarely ufed ; the roots are the only- 
part preferibed. It is accounted good to clear the 
lungs of tough vifeid phlegm, and thereby to help 
old coughs and fhortnefs of breath ; it likewife opens 
obftrudlions of the liver and fpleen, and helps the 
, jaundice. . 
The other forts are preferved in botanic gardens for 
the fake of variety ^ they are all propagated by feeds, 
which fhould be fown in the autumn foon after they 
are ripe, for thofe which are fown in the fpring fel- 
dom 
