243 
under the name Eione Moniliformis , which was found in the 
sandstones of the mountain limestone of Howick, Scremers- 
ton, and Haltwhistle, in Northumberland and in Yorkshire. 
Mr. Hindson of Kirby Lonsdale, has also found the same 
fossil in sandstones of a similar age in that district, and 
probably they would be met with in the beds of the millstone 
grit further south, at Dyke Nook, near Keighley, and. 
Saltersbrook, near Woodhead, where he (the president) had 
observed specimens of several species of M. Loy’s genus of 
Crassopodia with which they have been found associated. 
Dr. Koscoe read a Paper by Mr. Edward Sondstadt* 
entitled, “ Note on the Preparation of Calcium.” 
Although Davy demonstrated the existence of Calcium, 
and obtained it in an impure condition, by his well known 
method more than half a century ago, there are but two 
methods at present known whereby this most abundant of 
all the metals, excepting perhaps aluminium, can be obtained 
in a state of comparative purity. Matthiessen, following' a 
method which was, I think, first indicated by Bunsen, who 
obtained magnesium by the electrolysis of the fused chloride 
of magnesium, obtained calcium by the electrolysis of a 
mixture of the fused chlorides of calcium and of strontium. 
This method, however, of obtaining the metals of lime and 
of magnesia is exceedingly troublesome, principally because 
of the floating up and burning of the metal on the surface of 
the salt electrolysed. The second of the two methods referred 
to is that adopted by Li^s Bodart, and Gobin, who obtained 
calcium by heating iodide of calcium with sodium in an iron 
crucible, the cover of which was securely fastened down. 
The only objection to be made to this process is the trouble- 
