[3i3 1 
traverfe oceans, and when; they cannot as yet have 
pitched upon a proper place for concealing their neft 
and neftlings ? 
Let us examine if this intercourfe before migration 
takes place in, other birds, which are fuppofed to crofs 
wide extents of fea : and a quail affords fuch proof.. 
I have been prefent when thefe birds have been? 
caught in the fpring, which always turn out to be 
males, and are enticed to the nets by the call of the 
hen; quails therefore pair after they appear in Eng- 
land. 
But I (hall now confider the other two inftances 
of birds which are feen with us in the winter, and are 
not obferved in the fummer ; I mean, the fieldfare 
and redwing. 
And firft, let us examine, where thefe birds are 
actually known to breed : the northern naturalifls 
fay,, in Sweden; Klein, in the neighbourhood of 
Dantzick, which is only in lat. 54 0 30' *3 and Wil-- 
lughby, in Bohemia. 
in the receffes of the woods (Hilt. Nat. des Oifeaux, tom. L) ! 
fuch irregular intercourfe is only obferved in cages and aviaries, 
where birds are not only confined, but pampered with food. 
* See Klein, de Avibus Erraticis, p. 178. Klein, however, 
cites Zornius, who lived in the fame part of Germany, and 
who afierts that the turdus lliaeus (or redwing) leaves thofe parts 
in the fpring. The circumftance therefore of the redwing’s 
breeding in numbers (per ?nultitudines) had efcaped the notice 
ef Zornius, though he hath- written- a dillertation on this 
%ueftion. 
Is it at all furprizing, after this, that fuch difcoveries, if made 
ai all, fhould not be commonly heard of ? 
S-s ’ 
Voi. LXII. 
As 
