4 
and all large movements of the crust consist of minor 
elevations and subsidences. 
For latitudes, 45° to 90°, the tables must be reversed. 
As an example of a special case the Caspian area was 
examined, as it is known that great changes have here taken 
place in geologically recent times, and that the sea was much 
more extensive and stood at a higher level. Supposing from 
this district an amount of water, equal to 20Cft. in depth, 
and of twice the extent of the present Caspian has been re- 
moved, this would shift the axis the same as if that weight 
was added in the Southern hemisphere, and would move the 
Pole about 166ft. from this cause; but the water thus 
removed would he spread over the globe so as to move the 
the Pole, the same as if one-twelfth was added along 45 44' 
E. Long, in the S., thus causing in all a movement of 176ft. 
(this is supposing the distribution of land and sea remained 
all the time the same as at present). If there were a con- 
tinent in the South with such a sea as the Caspian, and 
similar phenomena took place, then the loss of the water 
would move the Pole about 166ft. in an opposite direction ; 
but the reapportioning of the water would move it about 
10ft. in the same direction as before, so that now, instead of 
being moved 176ft., the Pole would only be shifted about 
156ft. 
Ordinary Meeting, October 16th, 1877. 
E. W. Binney/F.P.S., F.G.S., President, in the Chair. 
* 
Mr. Mackeketh, F.F.A.S., stated that he had observed an 
unusual disturbance of his magnetometer at Eccles on the 
day preceding the great storm of the loth, and that similar 
disturbances often occurred immediately before or during 
great and violent atmospheric changes. 
