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the parietal muscle, the funiculus, and the “ dark body.” 
Joliet says, in his recent paper, that he has found this pro- 
cess of decay and absorption to take place in one case in ten 
hours. As we have before said the zooecium does not 
remain empty but another polypide may bud inside the 
same zooecium and frequently traces may be seen showing 
that there have been two, three, or even occasionally more. 
The “dark body” just mentioned is the remains of the 
polypide, and as recent observations seem clearly to prove 
has no vitality, though it has been maintained by Smitt and 
Hincks that the new polypide sometimes buds from this ; 
and by early observers this was thought to be an ovum. 
When the polypide should happen to bud near this “dark 
body” it may become enclosed in the new bud, and in this 
case will, as watched by J oliet, be passed out through the 
intestine with the first undigested food. 
The funiculus mentioned also requires further explanation. 
The funiculus is well known as a flexible cord at the base of 
the polypide in the fresh water Bryozoa, but the homologous 
organ in the Cheilostomata has much larger extension in the 
zooecium though not as prominent. The polypide is here 
also attached at the base by the funiculus, and it is from 
this that the budding of the polypide takes place, and in the 
Cheilostomata the funiculus of the one cell has a connection 
with those of the neighbouring cells. It is thus quite clear 
that what is called the funiculus is of primary importance. 
This term has been used by many recent writers on the 
Bryozoa and *Nitsche calls the lateral funiculus the sei ten- 
strange, or “ funiculi laterales,” which he says does not pre- 
judice the physiological signification, and in the same sense 
the term is used in. this communication. 
This filament is composed of fusiform cells, and this is 
covered with the corpuscles of the chylaqueous fluid. From 
the principal filaments branches are given off. This is what 
* “Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Bryozoen.” Zeitsch fur wissench. 
Zool., 1871. 
