140 
between — averaging 9 fathoms deep at high water — the reef 
ends about two miles from the .shore, and abruptly, as the 
water outside deepens from 14 to 20 fathoms. This reef is 
a barrier cliff which causes a great roll or swell in the water 
when the tide is coming on strongly. No dredging is pos- 
sible within the bay because of the reef, and all the shells 
dredged are got outside on shingly, sandy or rough bottoms 
in from 15 to 30 fathoms. The oyster beds lie out here. 
No loose valves of shells would ever get into the bay by 
bottom drifting from distant places, as the submerged cliff 
of the reef would stop them outside. The bay is too cold 
for luxurious growth of sea weed, although after storms the 
shore is strewn with stalks and leaves of the larger algse. Yet 
the rocks at low tide are not covered with much growth, — 
the sea and storms are too rough and the shore often changes 
its aspect from sand or shingle drifted here or there. The 
tide rises 24 feet at its highest on the coast. The fauna is 
more northern than southern in its character — the propor- 
tions out of 100 dredged shells are, Arctic and Boreal species 
28, Celtic and Southern 14, leaving 58 species as common to 
the British Coasts. 
The scarcity or abundance of some of the dredged species 
are interesting points to record. Saxicava rugosa, Venus 
striatula, Cyprina, Phasianella, Trochus ziziphinus, Nassa 
and Nucula a,re plentiful ; Astarte sulcata, Velutina, Lamel- 
laria, Lucina borealis, Leda caudata, Fusus antiquus, Tro- 
phon muricatus and clathratus, Trochus tumidus,T. Montagui, 
Venus casina, V. verrucosa, V. fasciata, V. ovata, Pileopsis, 
Otina, and others were sparingly found. The new species 
are Lima Loscombii, Circe minimua, from 18 fathoms, and 
several Odostomia and Rissoa. The young Cyproea dredged 
were empty, and none of these dredged shells were so fresh 
or of so good a colour as others found on the shore. 
