(ECONOMY OF INSF.CTS. 
41 
presses the body like a wedge into this opening, by which means it is 
soon orn down from the first to the fourth ring : this renders it large 
enough for the caterpillar to pass through. 
it is ;;:!' itW P Ular Rurally fasts a whole day after each moulting; for 
•sistei G i Cc j’ sa , r y that the parts should acquire a certain degree of con- 
peri l"' >e ^ ore 'ts organs can perform their ordinary functions. Many 
■ * 1 nnder this operation. The caterpillar always appears much 
■^u alter it has quitted the exuviae than before; for the body had 
^ ! under the old skin till it had become too large for it, and the 
p u t> being soli they were much compressed; but as soon as this skin is 
C a * t ol > the parts distend, and with them the new skin, which is yet of 
a ex . 1 0 and tender texture, so that their increase in size at each 
moulting is considerable. Some caterpillars in changing their skin alter 
very much in colour and appearance; sometimes the skin from being 
smooth becomes covered whh hair, spines, or tubercles; and others that 
arc in one stage hairy, have the skin smooth in the next. No sex is de- 
veloped in the caterpillar state. 
Of the PUP A state. By this term, as understood in the very exten- 
S1N ® sense Linne proposes, is signified that state of an insect which suc- 
ceec a the larva, without any regard to the particular appearance it as- 
sumes m this stage of transformation. From this latitude of meaning it 
includes therefore, with equal precision and no less propriety, states of 
tne most discordant character. It alike implies the uncouth grub in- 
cased in 11s shelly repository and immured in the earth, sluggish al- 
uiost destitute ot motion or the appearance of any animal function, 
with the hydy hall-winged 1 «, oust, or the Cicada, animals sporting in 
t be full enjoyment of life. The hot imprisoned in its oval covering, 
without the least external sign of animation, is termed a pupa. The 
moth, quiescent and absent for months, concealed in its shelly cover- 
ngm the earth, or suspended aloft in its silky envelope to the branch 
theuirf 0 ’ lB , a a nd w c denominate those pupa also which have 
thev arfl° n y ha u ox > ,a,lUed i though, like the nimble-footed Cimex, 
other mimT 1 , y rovm §’ and deriving sustenance from the blood of 
traversin'”' sK and so a 80 restless Libdlvla, which is continually 
prev M i 6 " al ; er . v clcmeni with the facility of fishes in search of 
in the (•Zf™ wrlt ® rs have therefore considered this state as essential 
which tal Ud - lun Cheers, an ^ have even laid down certain rules, 
arc often <?”?? c<>I| jnnctiou with the characters of tlic perfect insect, 
lono-s T n ,°' eal use In ascertaining tire order to which any genus be- 
ptemusord«fa^TuV he ? jarV A ^ thtt l of lhe k P‘ d °- 
Thelemrth of? lal1 tl,ere<ore describe the Pupa of the same, 
ferent species aIT “ T? TT “ * is form varies much in dif- 
tobreakthebondsn? ? aS ‘ c em edanU ? alaCqulrcSsufficients t.ength 
ondsof its confinement, it makes a powerful effort to escape 
