42 
SAMLET. S. Salmulus. Jenyns, p. 426. YarrelFs Br. 
F., vo I. 2, p. 42. Palmer Trout, and 1 believe, the Farthing 
Trout of Carew. 1 have known it in the Rivers, in Summer 
only ; but it is probable that it also ascends in Winter to 
spawn. 
THE HERRING TRIBE. 
PILCHARD. Clvpea Pikliardus. Jenyns, p. 436. Yarrell's 
Br. F., vol. 2, p. 5)6. 
The natural and oeconomical History of this fish is given 
at considerable length in the report of the Royal Cornwall 
Polytechnic Society for 1835 ; and the following notes are 
here collected that the subject may be rendered as perfect as 
our present state of information will admit. 
The earliest mention of the Pilchard that I have found in 
any public document, is in the 35th Eliz. ch. 11 (misprinted 
37th Eliz. in the report) where they are termed Pilchers; and 
Gesner about the same date calls the fish a Pylcher or 
Pylcharde, but makes it the same as the “ Herring.” 
The small size of the Meshes of a Sean are renderod legal 
for the taking of Herrings, Pilchards, Sprats and Lavidnian 
(the latter name not being explained in any book to which I 
have access, but which I have ventured to guess as signifying 
the Anchovy) by the 3rd James 1st, cb. 12. (1605). By the 
2nd (Vulgo 1st) of the same, ch. 23. for the better perserva- 
tion of fishing in the Counties of Somerset, Devon and Corn- 
wall, and for the relief of Balkers, Condors and Fishermen 
against malicious suits, it is made legal for Balkers, lluors. 
Condors, Directors or Guidors, in pursuance of their calling 
to go upon high hills and grounds, without being guilty of 
trespass. It also permits other persons “ to attend their 
Seans or Nets for the drawing or carring off the said fish on 
land or shore or as it is afterwards said, “ lauding the said 
Fish.” 
By the 13th and 14th Chas. 2nd, ch. 23, (1662) it is further 
provided that idle suspicious persons assembling by night 
about Boats, Nets, or Cellars, having no business and being 
warned of and not departing, shall pay five shillings, and be 
placed in the stocks for five hours. 
The fence months during which Drift Nets may not bo em- 
ployed within a league and half of the land, are, from the first 
day of June to the last day of November, by the 13th and 
14t.h Chas. 2nd, ch. 23. 
The Act, 35th Eliz. ch. 11, already referred to, complaining 
of the modern destruction of timber, orders that for every six 
tons of Pichards or other Fish carried out of the Kingdom, 
the same ship shall bring back either the old casks formerly 
exported, new casks in their places, or 200 clapboards, each 
3 feet 2 inches long, as staves for casks. 
