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SECTION IV. 
A SHORT HISTORY OF BOTANY. 
AMONG THE GREEKS.— THEOPHRASTUS, THE EATHER OF BOTANY. — HIPPO- 
CRATES.— DIOSCORIDES.— AMONG THE ROMANS.— PLINY.— VIEW OF THE PRO- 
GRESS OF BOTANY.— OBSTACLES.— WANT OF SYSTEMATICAL DIVISION.— FA IT. OF 
THIS SCIENCE IN THE MIDDLE AGE.— ITS REGENERATION IN THE FIFTEENTH 
CENTURY BY THE GERMANS. — BRUNFELS. — BOCK.— FUCHS. — THE SIXTEENTH 
CENTURY. — CONRAD GESNER, THE FATHER OF MODERN BOTANICAL HIS i OR\ . 
— HIS SINGULAR DESTINY.— CULTIVATION OF BOTANICAL GARDENS.— BOTANI- 
CAL EXCURSIONS.— THE GERMANS ARE THE FIRST WHO PUBLISHED THE FLORAS, 
OR COLLECTIONS OF PLANTS OF CERTAIN COUNTRIES.— CLUSIUS THE GREAT- 
EST BOTANICAL TRAVELLER IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY.— AFFLUENCE OF 
BOTANICAL MATERIALS.— WANT OF A NEW SYSTEM.— CAESALPINUS, AN ITA- 
LIAN, FORMS ONE.— CASPAR BAUHIN, A SWISS, THE FIRST UNIVERSAL WRITER 
ON BOTANY.— THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.— JUNGIUS.— MANY JOURNIES TO 
PROMOTE NATURAL HISTORY. — MORISON AND RAY, ENGLISHMEN, THE FIRSL 
AUTHORS OF MODERN SYSTEMS. — RIVINUS. — TOURNEFORT, THE MODERN LE- 
GISLATOR IN BOTANY. — ACCOUNTS RESPECTING HIM AND HIS SYSTEM. — 
VAILLANT HIS PUPIL.— HIS INGENIOUS OBSERVATIONS ON THE GENERA, OR 
SEXES, OF PLANTS. 
That same region of Eastern Europe, whence the Muses by ferocity 
and warlike rage were driven, towards the middle of the fifteenth cen- 
tury, to seek an asylum in other districts of this part of the globe, and 
which has been the seat of Ottoman ignorance and barbarism ever 
since ; that same region which, in the time of the Greeks, became the 
genuine soil of all the sciences, was also the cradle of botany. It 
owes its first cultivation to Theophrastus, that eminent philosopher 
who 
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