LINNAEUS PROFESSOR AT UPSAL. 15s 
ail appointment militated against the call and will of the muses. To 
make each of them great and useful in his own branch, a change of 
offices was requisite. Both were sensible of the impropriety of their 
respe&ive stations, and by a friendly agreement, with the consent of the 
Chancellor of the University, the two professorships, whose emolu- 
ments were equal, were mutually exchanged in the beginning of 1742. 
Thus Linnaeus was raised to that sphere of operation which he con- 
sidered as the happiness of his life, and which was so adequate to his 
zeal and endowments. He direfted his first efforts towards the im- 
provement of the botanical garden at Upsal, which had been established 
after the middle of the last century by the celebrated Swedish naturalist 
Olaus Ru check senior. The novelty of the enterprise afforded to 
the latter great applause and support. Through the liberality of King 
Charles Gustavus, and the zeal of the Chancellor of the Univer- 
sity, the garden was soon put in a good state. It still remained in an 
improved condition in the reign of Charles XI. The two Rudbecks, 
both father and son, enriched it with the plants they had coUcHed m 
their travels. But at the beginning of the present century it ceased 
to be one of the most flourishing botanical gardens of Europe. The 
dreadful conflagration which converted the best part of Upsal into a 
heap of ruins in 1702, destroyed it entirely. During the unfortunate 
reign of Charles XII. there were no hopes of its establishment. 
There was, indeed, no money to purchase plants. Rudbeck grew 
old, and none remained after him to take care of it. In short, the 
garden had decayed into a traH of pasture ground to graze the sheep 
and cows. It did not even contain fifty foreign plants. 
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