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Californian Sea Lion ( Otaria californiana) Page 28.— The 
Sea Lions, or Eared Seals, are those from which the sealskin of com- 
merce is obtained, this being the under fur, the coarse outer hairs of 
the coat having been first removed. Their breeding places are 
known as “ rookeries,” where they assemble in vast numbers, fight- 
ing for the possession of the different stations and for the females. At 
one time great numbers were slaughtered annually, but now their 
favourite breeding places are protected by the United States Govern- 
ment. They become very tame and gentle in captivity, showing a 
large amount of intelligence, Their cry is a rather harsh bark and 
not at all pleasing. 
Common Seal (Phoca vitulina). Page 29. — The Seal is distin- 
guished from the Sea Lion, by having no external ear tufts, also in 
having the hind flippers permanently directed backwards. In size it 
is very inferior. It is more adapted for a purely aquatic life than 
the Sea Lion, being able to remain under water for a period of 15 
minutes, though it has been stated upon good authority that 30 
minutes is not too long for it. The young are of themselves unable 
to swim and have to be taught by their parents. On land its move- 
ments are decidedly clumsy. 
Zebu ( Bos indicus), Page 30. — Zebus are the domestic humped 
cattle of Indfe. As regards size the different species vary one from 
the other considerably — the largest standing as high as an ox, 
whilst the smallest are not much bigger than a very young calf. 
These animals are looked upon as sacred, and certain bulls are pro- 
tected by the natives, and allowed to roam about the towns and 
villages at will. The larger species are used for drawing the 
native carts. 
Banteng (Bos sondaicus) Page 31 — The Banteng or Javan Ox, 
is an animal rarely seen in captivity. Of its habits very little is 
known, though the domestic variety breeds freely with the Zebu. 
The specimen depicted is a young animal. 
American Bison (Bison amcricanus ), Page 32.— This noble 
animal, once so plentiful, is now fast approaching extinction. There 
are, however, still a few left, which receive protection at the hands 
of the American Government, notably the small herd in the Yellow- 
stone Park, numbering about 20 specimens. It is stated that 
between the years 1872 and 1874, no fewer than 3J millions of one 
herd were slaughtered. The photograph is of a cow, which differs 
from the bull in having a smaller head, and being less massive in 
proportion. 
Blandford’s Sheep (Ovis vignei , var> blandfordi), Page 33. — 
This sheep, named after the well-known explorer and zoologist 
William Thomas Blandford, is a variety of the Ural or Punjaub 
wild sheep. It is found in Baluchistan, and is notable for the very 
widespread spiral of its horns. It is an active animal, and gets 
over the steep ground of the hillsides with great rapidity. 
Burrhel Wild Sheep (Ovis nahura), Page 34. — These sheep 
are found in Tibet, in herds varying in numbers from 8 to as many 
as 100. They are remarkable climbers, and when alarmed rush 
away to inaccessible parts where man cannot follow. In captivity 
they breed freely. 
Barbary Sheep (Ammotrmgus Itrvia ), Page 35. — Also known 
as the Maned Sheep. These animals are found in Africa. They are 
great adepts at hiding themselves, even where there is little cover, 
sitting motionless beside some stone or small bush, their earth-like 
colouring making it difficult to distinguish them even at a compara- 
tively short distance. 
