38 Eckin. 
XIV. ECHINODERM A. 
[ 1904 ] 
lation (?) and fertilisation of ova, Antedon hirsuta ; Andersson (10). 
— Fertilisation due to entrance of water into ovum, not to sperm ; 
Schuecking (250). — Fertilisation and segmentation, general discus- 
sion ; Hartog (114). — Rhythmic production of C0 2 from sperm-ova 
of Arbacia during cleavage, also resistance to KCN ; Lyon (169). — 
Electrical potential developing ova of Turtle and Fundulus, changes 
compared with rhythms previously observed in Echinoderm ova ; 
Hyde (130). — Outer protoplasmic layer, nature of mitosis in Echinus , 
Stronglocentrotus, Ophiothrix ; Ziegler (298).— Morula and gastrula 
to first rudiment of coelom, mesenchyme cells becoming skeleto- 
genous, Ophiothrix ; MacBride (172). — Blastula to Pluteus of Echinus 
microtuberculatus exact time-stages, studied by sections ; Schmidt 
(246). 
y. Larval Stages: — (a) Generalised diagr. ; Haller (111a) p. 110. — 
Rearing larvae ; H^rouard (122). (d) Parthenogenetic larvae of 
Asterias reared to early Brachiolaria stage and described ; Delage 
( 52). (f) Fixed stage, Antedon ; Grieg (107) p. 19, 37. 
vi. Organogeny (c) Echinoidea 
5. Development of coronal plates, Arbacia ; Agassiz (3) p. 54. 
vii. Post -larval Growth -stages: — (b) Growth-changes, — Thyone 
briareus ; Clark (38) p. 568 : Cucumaria ; Michailovskij (192). 
(c) Growth- changes, — test of Cidaridae , shape, anal system, coronal 
plates, peristomial plates, tubercles (p. 1—18), Dorocidaris panamensis 
(p. 21, 22), Porocidaris cobosi (p. 30), Salenia miliaris (p. 42), Arbacia 
(p. 54), Dermatodiadema (p. 60, 64), Echinothuridie (p. 75), Phormo- 
soma (p. 86, 109), Asthenosoma (p. 113), Brissopsis (p. 190) ; Agassiz 
(3) : Mellita pentapora ; Clark (38) p. 565. — Young, — of Cidaris 
elegans , descr. (p. 25), Phormosoma (p. 28), Podocidaris (p. 68) ; 
De Meijere (57): Hemiaster , Arbacia \ Loriol (162): Stephano- 
cidaris (p. 8), Salmacis (p. 71, 73), Protechinus stage, Phormosoma (p. 54 
& fig.) ; Mortensen (195). -Growth in Melonitidae } criticism of Jack- 
son & Jagger ; Klem (142) p. 2. (d) Growth -stages, — Leptopty- 
chaster ; Michailovskij (192). — Growth of Asterias rubens in given 
time ; Kiaer (140) p. 74. — Brephic Asterias , absence of specific 
distinction : Clark (38) p. 551. (e) Association of different aged 
Ophiura in warm areas but not in cold ; Grieg (106) p. 22. — Growth- 
changes , — Oorgonocepkalus linc/ci ; Grieg (106) p. 38 : Ophiopleura ; 
Michailovskij (192). (f) Stalked young, Antedon hirsuta ; 
Andersson (10), — Young Megistocr . ; Wood (291) p. 59. (g) Growth- 
stages in Pseudocr. (p. 236) in Sphaerocystis (p. 250, 252) ; Schuchert 
(249). 
viii. Developmental mechanics and Experimental Embry- 
ology : — Degeneration of ovules, Strong ylocentrotus ; Dubuisson 
( 73). — Asters in Toxopneustes and Echhiarachnius, observations by 
N. Yatsu, reply to Petrunkewitsch ; Wilson (288). — Mechanism of 
epithelium-formation illustrated from Ech. blastulae ; Zur Strassen 
(300). 
Giant and monster larvae produced by fusion of one or more 
morulae with plasmodia, Arbacia ; Janssens (136). — Blastomeres of 
Psammechinus cut apart, stained intra vitam , and reunited to form 
morulae of new individuality, which proceed with development ; 
Garbowski (94). — Abnormal development often due to nature of 
gonads, not to environment ; Viguier (279). — Fertilisation, normal 
or artificial, produces difference between osmotic pressure and surface- 
tension, equilibrium restored by cleavage ; Spaulding (262). 
The determination of variation, account of Author’s experiments on 
Ech. sperm-ova, (163) Zool. Rec. 1895, (214) Zool.Rcc. 1898, (240) Zool. 
