42 Echin. 
XIV. ECHINODERMA. 
[ 1904 ] 
naster, Ophiopleura , Ophiura, Ophioglypha , Ophiocten , Amphiura, 
Ophiopholis, Ophiacantha , Ophioscolex , Gorgonocephalus , Antedon ; 
Michailovskij (192). — Spitzbergen, Echinoderms chiefly on W. 
coast; Roemer (229) : Trochoderma elegans, Ophioglypha nodosa , 
and remarks on records of other echinoderms; Michailovskij (191). 
vi. Antarctic Ocean and adjacent Seas:— Complete list of 
litoral As£. from American subregion of South Sea, esp. Diplas- 
terias, Asterias, Cribrellay Cycethra, and comparison with their 
distrib. in Australian and African subregions, and with corre- 
sponding spp. in N. hemisphere; Meissner (186). — C. Horn and 
neighbourhood, Synallactes, Holothuria, Cucumaria , Thyone, Psoli- 
dium, Psolus, Caudina, Trochodota, Chiridota ; Perrier (212). — 
Magellan Str., Chiridota n. sp. ; Perrier (214). 
B. GEOLOGICAL. 
(i) General. 
Evidence of Echinoderma for connection of Antilles with Mediterranean 
in Oligocene time contradicted by Mollnsca, possible explanation ; 
Reid (225). — Strata of Pyrenees, Cambrian to Pleistocene, with lists 
of Echinoderms ; Roussel (234). — Brief systematic account of genera 
of Cidaridae and Salenidae with special reference to French fossils 
(86), ditto, Diadematidae (87 ) ; Fritel. 
(ii) Cainozoic. 
a. General : — Spp. of Schizaster, horizon correlated with mutations of 
apex ; Tornquist (268). — Tertiary Ech. & Crin. Victoria, S. Aus- 
tralia, and Tasmania, list with locc. ; Dennant (58). 
b. Pleistocene: — Denmark, — Stone-age, Psammechinus ; Petersen (215) 
p. 81 : Yoldia clay, Esbjerg, Psolus, Ophioglypha ; Madsen (177) 
p. 530. — Cave-breccia, Gibraltar, Strongylocentrotus ; Acland (2). — 
Nettuno, Italy, Ech.y Meli (187) p. xli. — Ischia, — Astian, Mt. Epomeo, 
Fibulariay Brissopsisy Schizaster , Amphidetus (p. 5), Saharian, volcanic 
agglomerate, Valle di Mezzavia, Fibularia (p. 8); Bellini (23). — 
Raised beaches, G. of Suez, Rhabdocidaris, HeterocentrotuSy Echino- 
metray Echinus , Clypeaster , Tetrodiscus , Aletalia , Fibulariay Brissus ; 
Fourtau (83) p. 444. — Bore-hole in coral reef, Funafuti, Cidaris, Ech. 
radioles, and Hoi. plates; Hinde (124) p. 329. 
c. Pleiocene : — Ech. in tuft’ near Nettuno; De Vescovi (61) p. 67: 
not this rock; Meli in Abstr. — Near Borgamanero, Encrinus [!] 
Cidaris, Echinus , Echinocyamus , Schizaster ; Patrini (208) p. 743. — 
Upper: — Suez Canal, Temnoplcurus , Laganum ; Fourtau (83) p. 444. 
Purisima formation, California, Astrodapsis , Scutella ; Haehl (110) 
p. 24.— New Zealand, Echinus ; Loriol (162) p. 20. 
d. Meiocene : — Tagliacozzo, Italy, Cidaris ; Lupi (168). — Upper: — 
Redonian, Rennes, Echinocyamus ; Dollfus (65) p. 662. — (Or Middle), 
Pontilevian, — Haguineau (Maine -et- Loire) Toxopneustes, Echinus , 
Psammechinus, Cidaris , Echinolampas , Echinocyamus ; Couffon (46) : 
near Saumur, list of Ech . ; Couffon (47) p. 218. — Middle, — 
Helvetian, — ‘calcaire h moellons de THerauR,’ Scutella', Loriol (162) 
p. 68 : Suabia, Echinoderm fauna compared with other locc., Sphaer- 
aster , Astropecten, Antedon , Cidaris, Psammechinus , Stirechinus , 
Scutella, Amphiope, Fibularia , Hemiaster , Spatangus, Sphaerites, Echino- 
lampas, Brisopsis [sic], Schizaster , Echinocardium ; Schuetze (251). — 
Lower, — Algeria, Schizaster Savornin (241) p. 146. — 15 km. E. of 
