DISTRIBUTION, (in, B, iii, e ; iv. iv, A, B.) Echin. 47 
Upper, — Ekwan R., N. E. Canada, Crin. columnals ; Dowling (70) 
p. 17, 39. — Upper, — N. Amer., Apiocystis , Lepadocr ., Hallicystis , 
Tetracystis n. g., Jaekelocystis, Pseudocr ., Trimerocystis n. g., Callo- 
cystis, Coelocystis, Sphaerocystis, Camerocr. ; Schuchert (249). — 
Missouri, — Lower Helderberg, Delthyris Limest., Stribalocystis ? 
Troostocr. ?, and Melocr. n. sp. : Clinton group, n. spp. of Calceocr., 
Glyptocr., GissocrA and Lampterocr. % : Niagaran, Pisocr., Cyathocr. ?, 
Lccanocr ., Cordylocr. ?, all n. spp., and Stribalocystis ; Rowley 
(236). — Osgood and Laurel Limestones, various locc. Indiana, Crin., 
Cyst. ; Foerste (80) p. 341, 342. 
Yass, N. S. W., Pisocr. n. sp. ; Etheridge (75). 
li. Ordovician : — Upper, — Chasmops Lst., Kinnekulle, Echinosphaera, 
(p. 56). — Middle, — Orthoceras Lst., ibid., Sphaeronis (p. 47) ; Holm 
( 126). — D 2 near Prag, Lobolithus ? Fric (88). 
Trenton Limestone, Ottawa, Stenaster , Agelacr ., Glyptocr ., Rhodocr., 
Archaeocr ., Periglyptocr ., Dendrocr., Cleiocr ., Heterocr ., Lichenocr., 
locr. (pp. 61-69), Black River Formation, ibid., Glyptocr. (p. 71); 
Ami (7). — Chazy Formation, Ottawa River, Malocystis , Glyptocystis , 
Palaeocystis , Bolboporites ; Ami (8) p. 140. 
IV. SYSTEMATIC!. 
(A.)— ECHINODERMA in General. 
Echmoderma thus classified : Sub-phylum Eleutherozoa , with Classes 1. 
Asteridia , 2. Ophiuridia, 3. Echinidia, 4. Holothuridia ; Sub- phylum 
Pelmatozoa , with Classes 1. Crinoidia , 2. Blastoidia , 3. Cystoidia ; 
Delage (54). — Recent Echinoderms divided into “ 1. Holothurien (a) 
Aspidochiroten (5) Dentrochiroten ; 2. Crinoiden ; 3. Echiniden ; 
4. Anthodiaten (a) Asteriden (5) Ophiuren ” ; Haller (111a). 
(B.)— HOLOTILURIOIDEA. 
Holothuridia divided into Orders 1. Actinopodida with Suborders Ben- 
drochirot -, Aspidochirot -, and Molpad-idae , 2. Paractinopodida ; De- 
lage (54). 
Acanthotrochus ; Delage (54) p. 338, fig. 
Achlyonice ; Delage (54) p. 329. 
Actinocucumis ; Delage (54) p. 320, fig. 
Actinopodida defined ; Delage (54) p. 318. 
Allantis ; Delage (54) p. 324, fig. 
Amphigynas\ Delage (54) p. 327. 
Ananus ; Delage (54) p. 323. 
Anapta\ Delage (54) p. 337. 
Anlcyroderma ; Delage (54) p. 332, figg. A. musculus ; Lo Bianco (154) 
p. 61, pi. xl. 
f A dagger prefixed to the name of a species indicates that it is fossil; prefixed 
to the name of the author, it denotes that the reference is to the species in a fossil 
state; prefixed to the name of a genus, it indicates that all species in the same 
paragraph are fossil, and the f is therefore not repeated before each name. The 
abbreviations l. c. and op. cit. refer only to the place or work quoted immediately 
before. Ibid, refers only to locality or, in the case of fossils, to horizon and locality. 
A name and reference quoted without further statement [ e.g . Anlcyroderma musculus ; 
Lo Bianco (154) p. 61] indicate that the quoted author’s statement refers to a 
question of no systematic importance. Further information can usually be gleaned 
from the cross-references under Titles. 
