4 Prot. 
XVIII. PROTOZOA. 
[ 1904 ] 
Scarcely less important is the work of Prowazek (277 & 278) and 
of LIsger. The former minutely describes the complicated life-history of 
several other parasitic Flagellates, and his memoirs are of great value to 
students of the group. Thanks to these contributions and that of 
Schaudinn, the pronounced scepticism of Klebs, Senn, and others with 
regard to the occurrence of a sexual process in this class, which has 
hitherto considerably hampered real progress, is now completely refuted, 
and the views of Kent and of Dallinger and Drysdale are at length 
vindicated. 
To L£ger are due practically all the data we possess to aid us in arriving 
at a correct idea of the phylogeny of the Hsemoflagellates. From his 
most fortunate redescription (180 & 181) of Trypanoplasma borreli , on 
the one hand, and from the instructive series of Herpetomonadine forms 
which he reveals (186 & 187) on the other hand, it seems abundantly clear 
that a heterophyletic origin must be assigned to the parasites included in 
the designation of “ Trypanosomes.” 
There yet remain one or two researches on parasitic Flagellates which 
ought not to bo passed over without mention. The Recordor refers to 
the interesting and particularly well-illustrated accounts by Foa (110) 
and Ghassi & Foa (126) of the process of division in members of the 
curious group of the Trick onympkidce. 
Although memoirs dealing with the Flagellates occupy by far the most 
important place in the section for Morphology and Development, there 
are, nevertheless, certain others to which allusion must be made. Penard 
(260) has had an opportunity of examining Chlamydomyxa , and helps 
to clear up several disputed points, e.g., the nature of the “ travelling 
corpuscles.” Other Gymnomyxan papers are those by Calkins (57), who 
produces evidence in favour of a sexual cycle in Amoeba protons and 
strongly inclines to the belief that the sexual phases are represented by 
11 Pelomyxa”- forms, and Zulzer (369), who contributes a full account of 
Dijfiugia urceolata. In (113) Fowler supplements his work on the Tri- 
pylarian Planktonetta with a note on the anatomy of Gazelletta. 
Turning to the Sporozoa, a useful comparative description of the growth 
and development of Gregarines up to the adult trophozoite-phase is 
furnished by Luhe (209) ; and LIcger & Duboscq (192) bring forward 
additional original observations dealing with this subject. A most 
interesting description of the formation of gametes and conjugation in 
Stylorhynchus is given by L^ger (188). An important Myxosporidian 
paper is that of Stemeell (336) on the development of the cyst and 
spores in Glugea anomala. Woodcock (361) has studied “diffuse infiltra- 
tion ” in G. stephani, and offers an explanation of this condition, as there 
seen. Welcome additions to our knowledge of the Actinomyxidia are 
contributed by Caullery & Mesnil (64 & 65) and L£ger (182 & 183). 
Finally, the occurrence of a remarkable parasite is noted by Woodcock 
(362), who has, unfortunately, been unable so far to learn much concerning 
its life-history and affinities. 
Apart from the conscientious description of conjugation in Pararacecium 
by Hamburger (134), research on the Ciliates has been chiefly with respect 
to their minute structure. L£ger— to whom Protozoology, this year, 
owes much indeed ! — and Duboscq (193-195), after a consideration of 
certain parasitic Opalinidce y come to the conclusion that the Astomata 
do not represent a natural group. The numerous papers of Faur£ have 
proved a veritable thorn in the flesh to the Recorder. No less than five 
(95, 98-101), are taken up in describing the contractile fixative appciratus 
of the Vorticellids, and the labour required to piece them together and 
obtain a definite idea of the whole is by no means slight. It is the more 
pity that the author did not combine these scrappy fragments into a 
finished memoir, since the conclusion to which he pomes with regard to 
