21 
in a vein at the summit of Bowfell, and in Rossett Gill. There 
are many “ perched blocks ” on each side the valley above 
the moraines, and which may possibly mark out the track 
of the glaciers ; and the rock surfaces, especially in Rossett 
Gill, are much scored and polished. Altogether the Langdale 
moraines afford an almost perfect example of glacier debris, 
and they are, in all probability, the remains of the last glaciers 
which existed in England, and after the valleys around 
Bowfell had assumed almost their present forms. Doubtless 
at some earlier period, the Langdale glaciers extended far 
down the valley, even to Windermere Lake, as the mam- 
millated rocks, perched blocks, and groovings, which can be 
clearly seen at many prominent points, abundantly prove ; 
and they appear to have gradually receded, probably as our 
climate became warmer ; until at length they had dwindled 
down to the comparatively small size indicated by the 
moraines now existing in almost perfect condition, at the 
heads of the valleys, immediately under Bowfell. 
Proceeding through Rossett Gill on the path to Wastdale 
we find in Angle Tarn an interesting example of glacial 
action ; the basin evidently having been scooped out by a 
glacier, which descended from the top of Bowfell, poured 
over the precipitous rocks which now overlook the Tarn, 
and deposited the debris of moraines which now forms 
the embankment across the valley at its foot. A little 
further on is a similar example, at the head of Long Strath- 
dale, where another Tarn has evidently existed, pent 
in by a glacier moraine. The waters have here broken 
through the embankment and escaped, leaving a swampy 
marsh behind. The rocks which are thus left bare by the 
departed waters, cover a considerable area, and are much 
grooved and polished by ice. 
There are similar moraines at the Borrowdale side of the 
Stake Pass, as also at the foot of the Wrynose Gap at the 
head of Little Langdale ; and doubtless they will be found 
i 
in all the valleys to the eastwards of Bowfell and Scawfell. 
