PHI 
ground by the fide of the plants, to which they will 
fallen themfelves, and climb to the height of eight or 
ten feet, and bear plenty of. fruit from the ground 
upward. The Dutch and French preferve great quan- 
tities of the large Dutch Beans for winter ufe, which 
they (lew, and make good with grayy and other 
fauces. 
There are fome perfons who raife thefe in hot-beds, 
in order to have them early. The only care to be 
taken in the management of thefe plants when thus 
railed, is to allow them room, and give them as much 
air as can be conveniently when the weather is mild, 
as alfo to let them have but a moderate heat ; for if 
the bed is over hot, they will either burn or be drawn 
up fo weak as feldom to come to good. 
The manner of making the hot-bed being the fame 
as for Cucumbers, &c. need not be repeated in this 
place ; but only obferve, when the dung is equally le- 
velled, to lay the earth about four or live inches thick, 
and let the great {team of the bed pafs oft before you 
fow the feeds. The time for doing this mull be pro- 
portioned to the feafon when you would have the Beans 
for the table, but the fureft time for a crop is about 
a week in February. 
The manner of laving the feeds of thefe plants, is to 
let a few rows of them remain ungathered in the 
height of the feafon ; for if you gather from the plants 
for fome time, and afterwards leave the remaining for 
feed, their pods will not be near fo long and hand- 
fome, nor will the feed be fo good. In autumn, when 
you find they are ripe, you fhould in a dry feafon pull 
up the plants, and fpread them abroad to dry ; after 
which you may threlh out the feed, and preferve it in 
a dry place for ufe. 
PHELLANDRIUM, Water Hemlock. 
There are two fpecies of this genus at prefent known; 
one of which grows naturally in {landing waters and 
deep ditches in feveral parts of England, the other 
is found on the Alps ; but as neither are cultivated, 
fo I fiiall not trouble the reader with any farther ac- 
count of them. 
PHILADELPHUS. Lin. Gen. Plant. 540. Sy- 
ringa. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 617. tab. 389. Syringa, 
Pipe-tree, or Mock-orange. 
The Characters are. 
It hath a permanent empaiement of one leaf cut into five 
acute parts fitting upon the germen. It hath four or 
jive roundijh plain petals which fpread open , and twenty 
or more awl- fh aped flamina infer ted to the empaiement , 
terminated by eredt fummits with four furrows. Ihe ger- 
men is ftuated under the flower , fupporting a fender flyle 
divided in four parts , each being crowned by a Jin- 
gle fligma. I he germen afterward becomes an oval acute- 
pointed capfule having four cells , which are filled with 
fmall oblong feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firfi: feftion of 
Linnaeus’s twelfth clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whofe flowers have about twenty {lamina, which are 
fixed either to the petals or empaiement of the flower. 
The Species are, 
1. Philadelphia ( Coronarius ) foliis Tubdentatis. Lin. 
Sp. 671. Philadelphia with indented leaves. Syringa 
alba, five Philadelphus Athenaei. C. B. P. White Sy- 
ringa , or Mock-orange. 
2. Philadelphus {Nanus) foliis ovatis fubdentatis, fiore 
folitario pleno. Syringa or Mock- orange, with oval leaves 
which are fomewhat indented , and double flowers funding 
. fingly on the fides of the branches. Syringa nana nun- 
quam florens. Cat. Hort. Angl. Dwarf Syringa which 
feldom flowers. 
3. Philadelphus (. Inodoms ) foliis integerrimis. Lin. 
Sp. Plant. 672. Philadelphus with entire leaves. Phi- 
ladelphus flore albo majore inodoro. Catefb. Carol. 
1. p. 84. tab. 84. Syringa with a larger white flower 
having no /cent. 
The firfi: fort has been long cultivated in the Englifh 
gardens as a flowering fhrub, but the place where it 
naturally grows is uncertain. This fends up a great 
number of {lender {talks from the root, having a gray 
bark, fending out feveral {hort branches from their j 
PHI 
fide, garni fhed with, oval fpear-fnapeit leaves ; thofe 
upon the young {hoots are three inches and a half 
long, and two broad in the middle, leflening toward 
both ends, and terminating in acute points, having 
feveral indentures on their edges, their furface rouglg 
and of a deep green on their upper fide, but pale on 
their under, and have the take of frefh Cucum- 
bers ; thefe ftand oppofite upon very {hort foot-balks. 
The flowers come out from the fide, and at the end 
of the branches, in loofe bunches, each {landing on 
a fhort diftind foot-ftalk ; they have four oval petals 
which fpread open, with a great number of flarnina 
within, furrounding the ftyle. The flowers are white, 
and have a flrong fcent, which at fome diftance re- 
fembles that of Orange-flowers, but when near is too 
powerful for moft perfons. Thefe appear the latter 
end of May, and continue great part of June, but are 
feldom fucceeded by feeds which ripen in this country. 
This {hrub rifesfeven or eight feet high. 
There is a variety of this v/ith variegated leaves, 
which fome people preferve in their gardens ; but as 
the ftripes generally di (appear when the plants are in 
health, fo it makes little appearance. 
The fecond fort is of humble growth, feldom rifing 
above three feet high ; the leaves are fhorter than 
thbfe of the former, and approach near to an oval 
form ; they are but little indented on their edges. 
The flowers come out fingly from the fide of the 
branches, and have a double or treble row of petals, 
of the fame fize and form as the other, and the flowers 
have the fame fcent ; but this fort flowers very rarely, 
fo is not much efteemed. 
Both thefe are extreme hardy, and will thrive in al- 
moft any foil or fituation, but will grow taller in light 
good ground than in that which is iliff. They are 
ulually propagated by fuckers, which are lent out from 
their roots in g^eat plenty ; thefe fhould be taken 
from the old plants in autumn, and planted in a nur- 
fery to grow one or two years till they have obtained 
ftrength, and then they fhould be tranfplanted to the 
place where they are defigned to remain. They are 
commonly difpofed in wildernefs work, among other 
fhrubs of the fame growth, where they add to the 
variety. 
The third fort grows naturally in Carolina, and is as 
yet very rare in Europe. This rifes with a fhrub by 
(talk about fixteen feet high, fending out (lender 
branches from the fides oppofite, garnifhed with 
fmooth leaves fhaped like thofe of the Pear-tree, 
which are entire, (landing alfo oppofite on pretty long 
foot- (talks. The flowers are produced at the end of 
the branches ; they are large, each having four oval 
petals which fpread open, and have large empale- 
ments, compofed of four acute-pointed leaves. The 
petals are white, and within thele (land a great num- 
ber of {hort {lamina, terminated by yellow fummits. 
The flowers are fucceeded by oval capfules, filled with 
fmall feeds. 
This fhrub is very rare in England, for it rarely will 
rife from feeds ; I have fown the feeds, which were 
lent me by the late Dr. Dale from Carolina, two or 
three times without any fuccefs, and others have done 
the fame, which occafions its prelent fcarcity in Eng- 
land ; but when the plants are procured from abroad, 
they may be propagated by laying down their 
branches. I had one of the fhrubs which was fent 
me by the gentleman before-mentioned, which had 
thriven in the Chelfea Garden near two years ; and 
fome of the branches which were laid down had put 
out roots, but they were all deftroyed by cold in the 
winter, 1 740. 
PHILLYREA. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 596. tab. 367. 
Lin. Gen. Plant. 16. Phillyrea, or Mock Privet; in 
French, Filaria. 
The Characters are, 
The flower has a fmall permanent empaiement of one leaf 
cut into five fegments at the brim. It has one petal, with 
a very fort tube cut into five parts , which turn back- 
ward , and two jhort flamina fianding oppofite , termi- 
nated by fingle eredt fummits. It has a roundifo germen , 
fupporting 
