P H I 
clumps' in parks, or to plant round the borders of 
woods, which are filled with deciduous trees, where 
in’ the fummer time, the dark fhade of thefe ever- 
greens will make a ; fine contraft with the brighter 
green leaves of the deciduous trees *, and in winter, 
when the latter are deftitute of leaves, they will have 
a fine effed, and will be a fine harbour for birds. 
Thefe may be trained up to items, fo as to be out 
of the reach of cattle, therefore may be planted in 
open places, where, if they are fenced againft cat- 
tle till they are grown up, they may be afterwards 
eXpofed. 
The other forts, which are of humbler growth, muff 
be confined to gardens or other incloiures, where they 
may be fecured from cattle, hares, rabbets, &c. 
otherwife they will be foon deftroyed. 
Thefe plants are propagated either from feeds or lay- 
ers, but the latter being the mofl expeditious me- 
thod in England, is chiefly preferred. The beft time 
to lay them down is in autumn, when you fhould dig 
the ground round the ftems of the plants intended to 
be layed, making it very loofe then making choice 
of a fmooth part of the fhoot, you fhould make a flit 
upward (in the manner as is pradifed in laying of 
Carnations) and then bend the branch gently down to 
the ground, making a hollow place with your hand to 
receive it ; and having placed the part which was flit 
into the ground, fo as that the flit may be open, you 
fhould fallen it down with a forked flick that it may 
remain fteady, covering that part of the branch with 
earth about three inches thick, obferving to keep the 
upper part ered. You muft keep them clear from 
weeds the fpring and fummer following, which, if 
differed to grow up among!! them, will prevent their 
taking root. 
The autumn following mofl of thefe plants will be 
rooted, at which time they may be taken off, and 
carefully planted in a nurfery, where they may be 
trained up three or four years in the manner you intend 
them to grow ; during which time you fhould dig the 
ground between the rows, and cut about the roots of 
the plants every year, v/hich will caufe them to ffrike 
out ftrong fibres, fo as to fupport a good ball of 
earth when they are removed *, you fhould alio fup- 
port their ftems with flakes, in order to make them 
ilrait, otherwife they are very apt to grow crooked 
and unfightly. 
When the plants have been thus managed three or 
four years, you may tranfplant them into the places 
where they are defigned to remain. The beft time 
for this work is the latter end of September, or the 
beginning of Odlober ; but in removing them, you 
fhould dig round their roots, and cut off all down- 
right or flrong roots, which have fliot out to a great 
diltattce, that you may the better preferve a ball of 
earth to each plant, otherwife they are fubjed to mif- 
carry •, and when you have placed them in their new 
quarters, you fhould lay fome mulch upon the fur- 
face of the ground to prevent its drying. Y ou fhould 
alfo fupport the plants with flakes, until they have 
taken faftholdof the eafth, to prevent their beingturned 
out of the ground, or diiplaced by the winds, which 
will deftroy the fibres that were newly put out, and 
greatly injure the plants. Thefe trees delight in a 
middling foil, which is neither too wet and ftiff, nor 
too dry, though the latter is to be preferred to the for- 
mer, provided ?t be frefb. 
Thofe forts with fmall leaves are commonly two years 
before they take root when laid, therefore they fhould 
not be difturbed, for the railing them out of the 
ground greatly retards their rooting. 
If thefe plants are propagated by feeds, they fhould 
be fown in the autumn foon after they are ripe, for 
when they are kept out of the ground till fpring, they 
do not grow the firft year. The feeds will do beft if 
they are fown in pots or boxes filled with light loamy 
earth, and placed under a garden frame where they 
may be fcreened from hard froft, but always ex- 
pofed to the open air in mild weather. If the feeds 
are fown early in the autumn, the plants will appear 
P H L 
in the fpring-, but if they fhould not come up, the pots 
fhould be plunged into the ground in, an eaft border, 
where they may only have the morning fun, in which 
fituation they fhould remain the following fummer j 
during which time they may be conftantiy kept clean 
from weeds, and in the autumn removed again under 
a frame for fhelter in winter, and the fpring following 
the plants will certainly come up, if the feeds were 
good. Toward the middle of April, the pots fhould 
be again plunged into the ground on an eaft border, 
to prevent the air from drying the earth through the 
pots, which is generally the cafe when the pots Hand 
upon the ground fo that they muft then be frequently 
watered, which fhould not be pradifed to thefe plants 
where it can be avoided. The Michaelmas following 
the plants fhould be carefully taken out of the pots, 
and planted in a nurfery- bed, covering the furface 
with old tan to keep out the froft sj and if the winter 
prove fevere, they fhould be covered with mats, af- 
terward they may be treated as the layers. 
P FULLY REA OF THE CAPE. See Mau- 
ROCENA. 
PFILOMIS. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 1 77. tab. 82. Lin. 
Gen. Plant. 642. [phofiig, fo called of pAsyw, to burn, 
becaufe in old time the peafants ufed to burn thefe 
plants to enlighten their chambers.] The Sage-tree, 
or Jerufalem Sage. 
The Characters are. 
The flower hath a permanent empalement of one leaf, 
having an oblong tube with five angles. It hath one petal , 
and is of the lip kind the tube is oblong ■, the upper lip is 
oval , forked , and infiexed \ the under is cut into three feg- 
ments , the middle one being large and obtufe. It hath four 
fiamina hid under the upper lip , two being longer than the 
other , terminated by oblong fummits , and a germen di- 
vided into four parts, fupporting a fiyle the length of the 
fiamina , crowned by an acute bifid ftigma. The germen 
afterward become four oblong cornered' feeds fitting in the 
empalement . 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedion of 
Linnaeus’s fourteenth clafs, which contains the plants 
whofe flowers have two fhort and two longer fiamina, 
and the feeds fit naked in the empalement. 
The Species are, 
1. Phlomis (Fruticofa) foliis fubrotimdis tomentofis crena- 
tis, involucris lanceolatis caule fruticofo. Lin. Sp. 818. 
Phlomis with roundifo , woolly , crenated leaves , and a 
Jhntbby flalk. Phlomis fruticofa, falviae folio latiore 
& rotundiore. Tourn. Inft. 177. Shrubby Jerufalem 
Sage , with a broader and rounder Sage leaf. 
2. Phlomis ( Anguflifolia ) foliis ovato-lanceolatis tomen- 
tofis integerrimis, caule fruticofo. Phlomis with oval . , 
fpear-Jhaped , woolly leaves which are entire , and a Jhrubby 
flalk. Phlomis fruticofa, falviae folio longiore & an- 
guftiore. Tourn. Inft. 177. Shrubby Jerufalem Sage, 
with a longer and narrower Sage leaf \ 
3. Phlomis ( Latifolia ) foliis oblongo-ovatis petiolatis 
tomentofis, floribus capitatis, caule fruticofo. Phlomis. 
with oblong , oval. , woolly leaves having foot-fialks , flowers, 
growing in large heads , and a Jhrubby flalk. Phlomis 
latifolia, capitata, lutea, grandiftora. Hort. Elth. 316. 
Broad-leaved Jerufalem Sage , with large yellow flowers 
growing in heads. 
4. Phlomis {Herb a Venti } involucris fetaceis hifpidis, 
foliis ovato-oblongis fcabris, caule herbacea. Hort. 
Upfal. 1 7 1 . Phlomis with brifily prickly involucrums , ob- 
long, oval, rough leaves, and an herbaceous flalk. Phlo- 
mis Narbonenfis, hormini folio, flore purpurafcente* 
Tourn. Inft. R. FI. 178. Jerufalem Sage of Narbonne , 
with a Clary leaf and a purplifo flower. 
5. Phlomis {T uberofa) involucris hifpidis fubulatis, fo- 
liis cordatis fcabris, caule herbacea. Hort. Upfal. 171. 
Phlomis with awl-Jhaped prickly involucrums , rough 
beart-floaped leaves, and an herbaceous flalk. Phlomis 
urtieae folio glabro. Amman. Ruth. 40. Jerufalem 
Sage with a fmooth Nettle leaf ’. 
6 . Phlomis ( Lychnitis ) foliis lanceolatis tomentofis, flo- 
ralibus ovatis, involucris fetaceis lanatis. Lin. Sp. 
Plant. 585. Phlomis with fpear-Jhaped woolly leaves, 
thofe under the flowers oval, and brifily woolly involu- 
crums ; 
/ 
