. P I M 
PIMP IN ELL A. Lin. Gen. Plant. 328, Tragofe- 
lirium. Tourn. Inft. R. H, 309. tab. 163. Burnet 
Saxifrage y in French, Boticage . 
The Characters are. 
It hath an umbellated flower •, the principal umbel is com- 
pofed of many rays or mailer umbels ■, neither of ihefe 
have any involucrums , and the impalements are fcarce viji- 
hle ; the greater umbel is uniform. The flowers have five 
heart-Jhaped inflexed petals, which are nearly equals and 
five ftamina which are longer than the petals , terminated 
by roundifh fummits . The germen is fituated under the 
flower , fupporting two Jhort fly les, crowned by obtufe ftig- 
mas. The germen afterward becomes an oblong oval fruit, 
divided in two parts , containing two oblong feeds , plain on 
the infide and convex on the other , and furrowed. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fe&ion of 
Linnaeus’s fifth clafs, which includes thole plants 
whofe flowers have five ftamina and two ftyles. 
The Species are. 
1. Pimpinella {Major) foliis pinnatis, foliolis cordatis 
ferratis, fummis fimplicibus trifidis. Burnet Saxifrage 
with winged leaves near the root , having heart-Jhaped 
flawed lobes , and Jingle three-pointed leaves at the top of 
the flalk. Tragofelinum majus, umbella Candida. 
Tourn. Inft, R. H. 309. Greater Burnet Saxifrage with 
a white umbel. 
2. Pimpinella ( Saxifraga ) foliis pinnatis, foliolis ra- 
dicalibus fubrotundis, fummis linearibus. Lin. Sp. 
Plant. 263. Burnet. Saxifrage with winged leaves, thofe 
at the bottom having lobes which are roundifh, but thofe at 
the top linear. Tragofelinum alterum majus. Tourn, 
Inft. R. H. 309. Another greater Burnet Saxifrage. 
3. Pimpinella ( Hircina ) foliis pinnatis, foliolis radica- 
libus pinnatifidis, fummis linearibus trifidis. Burnet 
Saxifrage with winged leaves, whofe lobes of the bottom 
leaves are wing-pointed , and the upper ones linear and tri- 
fid. Tragofelinum minus. Tourn. Inft. R. H. Lef- 
fer Burnet Saxifrage. 
, 4. Pimpinella {Nigra) foliis pinnatis hirfutis, foliolis 
radicalibus cordatis inaequaliter ferratis, fummis line- 
aribus quinquefidis. Burnet Saxifrage with hairy winged 
leaves, whofe lobes of the bottom leaves are heart-Jhaped , 
unequal and flawed, the upper ones linear and five-pointed. 
Tragofelinum radice nigra Germanicum. Juffieu. 
Hort. Chelf. Cat. 100. German Burnet Saxifrage with a 
black root. 
5. Pimpinella {Aufiriaca) foliis pinnatis lucidis foli- 
olis radicalibus lanceolatis, pinnato ferratis, fummis li- 
nearibus pinnatifidis. Burnet Saxifrage with Jhining 
winged leaves , the lobes of whofe bottom leaves are fpear- 
floaped and flawed, and the upper ones linear and wing- 
pointed. Tragofelinum Auftriacum maximum, foliis 
profundiffime incifis. Boerh. Hort. Chelf. Cat. 100. 
Largeft Burnet Saxifrage of Auftri a, whofe leaves are 
deeply cut. 
6. Pimpinella {Peregrina) foliis radicalibus pinnatis 
crenatis, fummis cuneiformibus incifis. Lin. Sp. 
Plant. 164. Burnet Saxifrage , whofe lower leaves are 
winged and indented on their edges , and the upper ones 
wedge-Jhaped and cut. Apium peregrinum foliis fub- 
rotundis. C. B. P. 153. Foreign Parjley with roundifh 
leaves . 
7. Pimpinella {Anifum) foliis radicalibus trifidis incifis. 
Lin. Sp. Plant. 264. Pimpinel with trifid cut lower 
leaves. Anifum vulgare. Cluf. Hift. 2. p.202. Com- 
mon Anife. 
The firft fort grows naturally in woods, and on the 
fide of banks near hedges in feveral parts of Eng- 
land, efpecialiy upon chalky land. The lower leaves 
of this fort are wing-fhaped, compofed of three pair 
of heart-fhaped lobes, and terminated by an odd one •, 
they are fharply fawed on their edges, and fit clofe 
to tie midrib. The lower lobes which are the largeft, 
are near two inches long, and one and a half broad 
at their bafe, and are of a dark green. The ftalks 
are more than a foot high, dividing into four or five 
branching foot-ftalks j the lower part of the ftalk is 
garnifhed with winged leaves, fhaped like thofe at 
the bottom, but fmaller ; thofe upon the branches 
are ftiort and trifid y the branches are terminated by 
P l M 
fmall umbels of white flowers, which are compofed of 
fmaller umbels or rays. The flowers have five heart- 
fhaped petals which turn inward, and are fucceeded 
by two narrow, oblong, channelled feeds. It flowers 
in July, and the feeds ripen in autumn. There is a 
variety of this with red flowers, which is frequently 
found among the other, and riles from the fame feed. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in dry paftures in 
many parts of England ; the lower leaves of this are 
compofed of four pair of lobes, terminated by an 
odd one ; thefe are roundifh •, thofe on the lower part 
of the leaf are about half an inch long, and the fame 
breadth ; they are indented on their edges'*, the (talks 
rife near a foot high, fending out three or four (len- 
der branches, which are garnifhed with -very' narrow 
leaves. The umbels of flowers are fmaller than thofe 
of the firft, as are alfo the flowers and feeds. It flowers 
about the fame time. 
The third fort grows naturally in dry gravelly paf- 
tures in feveral parts of England ; the lower leaves of 
this fort have five or fix pair of lobes terminated by 
an odd one, which are deeply cut almoft to their mid- 
rib in form of wings. The ftalks are (lender, and 
rife about a foot high, fending out a few fmall 
branches, which have a narrow trifid leaf placed at each 
joint, and are terminated by fmall umbels of white 
flowers, compofed of feveral rays (landing upon pretty 
long foot-ftalks. The flowers are fmall, and appear 
at the fame time with the former. 
The feeds of the fourth fort were fent me from Paris 
by Dr. Bernard de Juflieu. The lower leaves of this 
fort are compofed of fix or feven pair of lobes termi- 
nated by an odd one •, thefe are heart-fhaped, almoft 
two inches long, and one and a half broad near their 
bafe •, they are hairy, and of a pale green. The ftalk 
rifes near two feet high, dividing into feveral branches, 
which have one narrow five-pointed leaf at each joint, 
and are terminated with umbels of white flowers like 
thofe of the firft fort. 
The feeds of the fifth fort I gathered in Dr. Boer- 
haave’s private garden near Leyden ; the fynonime 
applied to it was the title he gave me for it, and he 
told me he had received the feeds of it from Auftria. 
The lower leaves have five pair of lobes terminated 
by an odd one •, thefe are placed at a wider diftance 
from each other than thofe of the other forts *, they 
are near two inches long, and three quarters of an 
inch broad in the middle, drawing to a point at each 
end, and are deeply cut in regular jags oppofite, in 
form of a winged leaf ; they are of a lucid green, and 
have long foot-ftalks. The ftalks rife two feet high-, 
dividing at the top into two or three (lender Branches, 
garnifhed at each joint with one wing-pointed narrow 
leaf. The umbels of flowers are very like the firft. 
All thefe forts have perennial roots ; they are propa- 
gated by feeds, which, if fown in the autumn, will 
more certainly fucceed than when they are (own in 
the fpring. When the plants come up, they will rv 
quire no other culture but to thin them when they are 
too clofe, and keep them clean from weeds ; the fe- 
cond year they will flower and produce ripe feeds, and 
the roots will abide fome years, and continue to pro- 
duce flowers and feeds, if they grow in poor land. 
The firft fort is directed for medicinal ufe, but the 
herbwomen either bring the third fort to market for 
it, or what is worfe, fubftitute Burnet and Meadow 
Saxifrage in its (lead. It enters the pulvis.ari com- 
pofitis, and is efteemed good for the gravel. 
The laft fort is the common Anife : this is. an annual 
plant, which grows naturally in Egypt, but is cultivated 
in Malta and Spain, from which countries the feeds 
are annually brought to England. From thefe feeds 
there is a diftilled water, and an oil drawn for medi- 
cinal ufe. The paltry- cooks , alfo make' great ufe of 
thefe feeds in feveral of their compofitions, to give 
them an aromatic tafte and fmeli. The lower leaves 
are divided into three lobes, which are deeply cut on 
their edges *, the ftalk rifes a foot and a half high, 
dividing into feveral (lender branches, which are gar- 
nifhed with narrow leaves, cut into three or four nar- 
row 
v 
