P I N 
tow fegments, and are terminated by pretty large 
loofe umbels, compofed of many [mailer umbels or 
rays, which liand upon pretty long foot-ftalks. The 
flowers are [mail, and of a yellowifh white •, the feeds 
are oblong and fwelling. It flowers in July, and if the 
feafon proves warm, the feeds will ripen in autumn. 
The feeds of this fhould be fown the beginning of 
April upon a warm border, where the plants are to 
remain ; when they come up, they Ihould be thinned, 
and kept clean from weeds, which is all the culture 
this plant requires, but is too tender to be cultivated 
in England for profit. 
PINASTER. See Pinus. 
PINGUICULA, Butterwort. 
This plant is found growing upon bogs in many 
parts of England, but is never cultivated in gardens, 
To I ihall pafs it over with barely mentioning it. 
PINUS. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 585. tab. 355. Rail 
Meth. Plant. 138. Lin. Gen. Plant. 956. The Pine- 
tree ; in French, Pin. 
The Characters are, 
‘The male flowers are collected in a fcaly conical hunch ; 
they have no -petals , but many fiamina , which are connected 
at their bafe , but divide at the top , terminated by erect 
fummits ; thefe are included in the fcales , which fupply 
the want of petals and empalement. The female flowers 
are collected in a common oval cone , and ftand at a dif- 
tance from the male on the fame tree. Under each fcale 
of the cone is produced two flowers , which have no petals , 
but a fmall germen fupporting an awl-Jhaped fiyle , crowned 
by a Jingle ftigma. The germen afterward becomes an ob- 
long oval nut , crowned with a wing , included in the rigid 
fcale of the cone. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the ninth feftion 
of L innseus’s twenty-fourth clafs, which includes the 
plants with male and female flowers on the fame plant, 
whofe Itamina are joined in one body ; to this genus he 
adds the Larix and Abies of Tournefort. 
The Species are, 
1. Pinus ( Sylveftris ) foliis geminis primordialibus folita- 
riis glabris. Hort. Clift. 450. Pine-tree with tivo leaves 
in each fheath , but the firfi leaves are Jingle. Pinus fyl- 
vefhris. C. B. P. 491. The wild Pine, or Pineafler. 
2. Pinus {Pineal) foliis geminis primordialibus folitariis 
ciliatis. Pine-tree with two gray leaves coming out of each 
fheath , and the firji leaves Jingle. Pinus fativa. C. B. P. 
490. The cultivated Pine-tree , commonly called the Stone 
Pine. 
3. Pinus {Rubra) foliis geminis brevioribus glaucis, 
conis parvis mucronatis. Pine-tree with two Jhorter 
gray leaves proceeding out of each fheath , and fmall acute- 
pointed cones. Pinus lylveftris foliis brevibus glaucis, 
conis parvis albentibus. Raii Syn. 2. 288. Wild Pine 
with floor ter gray leaves , and fmall whitijh cones , called 
Scotch Fir or Pine. 
4. Pinus {Tartarica) foliis geminis brevioribus latiufcu- 
lis glaucis, conis minimis. Pine-tree with two Jhorter 
broad leaves in each Jheath which are gray , and the 
fmallejl cones , commonly called Tartarian Pine. 
5. Pinus ( Montana ) foliis ftepius ternis tenuioribus vi- 
ridibus, conis pyramidatis, fquamis obtufis. Pine with 
three narrow green leaves often in each floeath , and pyra- 
midal cones with blunt fcales. Pinus fylveftris montana 
altera. C. B. P. 421. Another wild Mountain Pine , 
called Mugho. 
6 . Pinus {Cembro) foliis quinis kevibus. H. Scan. 32. 
Lin. Sp. Plant. 1000. Pine-tree with five fmooth leaves 
in each Jheath. Pinus fylveftris montana tertia. C. B. 
P. 491. The third wild Mountain Pine , called Cembro. 
7. Pinus {Maritima) foliis geminis longioribus glabris, 
conis longioribus tenuioribufque. Pine-tree with two 
longer fmooth leaves in each fheath , and longer narrovoer 
cones. Pinus maritima fecunda. Tabern. Icon. 937. 
The fecond maritime Pine. 
ih Pinus {Halepevfls) foliis geminis tenuifllmis, conis 
obtufis, ramis patulis. Tab. 208. Pine-tree with two 
narrow leaves in each floeath, cbtufe cones , and fpreading 
branches. Pinus Haiepenfis, foliis tenuibus laste viri- 
dibus. Rand. Hort. Chelf. Cat. 158. Aleppo Pine with 
very narrow dark green leaves. 
9,. Pin- u$ {Virginiana) foliis geminis brevioribus, coni! 
vis, fquamis acutis. Pine-tree with two Jhorter leaves 
in each floeath, and fmall cones with acute fcales . Pinus 
Virginiana foliis birds brevioribus & crafiioribus feds* 
minori cono (ingulis fquarnarum capitibus aculeo do- 
natis. Pluk. Aim. 297. Virginian Pine with two Jhorter 
- and thicker leaves in. each floeath , and a J, mailer cone with 
each fcale ending in a prickle , commonly called Jerfey Pine „ 
to. Pinus ( Rigida ) foliis ternis, corns longioribus fqua- 
mis rigidionhus. Pine-tree with three leaves , and longer 
cones having rigid fcales , commonly called three-leaved 
Virginian Pine. 
11. Pinus {Tieda) foliis longioribus tenuioribus ternis, 
conis rnaximis laxis. Pine-tree with three longer nar- 
rower leaves , and the largeft loofe cones. . Pinus Virgi- 
niana tenuifolia tripills, k. ternis plerumque exunofo- 
iiculo fetis ftrobiiis majonbus Pluk. Aim. 297. Vir- 
ginian Pine-tree with three narrow leaves in each Jheath , 
and larger cones , called the Frankincenfe-tree. 
12. Pinus ( Echinata ) Virginiana pr^longis foliis tenifi- 
oribus, cono echinato gracili. Pluk. Aim. 297. VirgV 
?uan Pine with longer and narrower leaves , and a Jlendcf 
prickly cone , called three-leaved Baflard Pine. 
13. Pinus {Strobus) foliis quinis fcabris. Lin. Sp. Plant. 
1001. Pine-tree with five rough leaves in each floeath , 
commonly called Lord VV eymoutlf s Pine. 
14. Pinus {Palujlris) foliis ternis longiffimis. Pine-tree 
with the longefi leaves growing by threes out of each 
floeath. Pinus Americana palufhis trifolia, foliis Ion* 
giffimis. Du Hamel. Three-leaved, Marflo, American 
Pine with the'longeft leaves. 
There are fome other lpecies of this genus in Ame- 
rica, which have not been fufiiciently examined to 
afeertain their differences ; and it is probable fome of 
the European kinds, which are now fuppofed to be 
only varieties of the forts here enumerated, may be 
diftindt fpecies ; but as I have had no opportunities 
of feeing them, fo I have omitted them here. 
The firft fort here enumerated is the Pineafter, of 
wild Pine, which grows naturally in the mountains in 
Italy and the fouth of France, where there are forefh 
of thefe trees, which, if fuffered to Hand, grow to a 
large fize ; but in Switzerland they are frequently cut 
into fliingles for covering their houfes, and alio for 
making pitch ; and in the fouth of France, the young 
trees are cut for flakes to fupport their Vines.: This 
grows to a large fize y the branches extend on every 
fide to a confiderable diflance, and while the trees are' 
young, they are fully garnilhed with leaves, efpecially 
where they are not io dole as to exclude the air from 
thofe within , but as they advance in age, the branches 
appear naked, and all thofe which are fituated be- 
low become unfightly after years, for which reafori 
they have not been much in efteem of late; for as the 
wood of the Scotch Fir is much preferable to this, 
and the branches being generally better garnilhed with 
leaves, fo the latter has been more generally propagated 
than the former. The branches of this fort grow at a 
wider diftance than thofe of the Scotch Pine, and are 
more horizontal ; the leaves are much larger, thicker, 
and longer, and grow ffrait, have a broad furface 
on their infide, which has a furrow or channel running 
longitudinally ; they are of a darker green, and their 
points are obtufe. The cones of this are feven or 
eight inches long, pyramidal, and have pointed fcales ; 
the feeds are oblong, a little flatted on their fxdes, 
and have narrow wings on their tops. 
The fecond fort, which is generally called the Stone 
Pine, is very common in Italy; but I much doubt of 
the country where it grows naturally, for fo far as X 
have been able to learn, there are none of thefe trees 
growing in any part of Italy, Lilt where they have 
been planted, or where the jfeeds have fcattered from 
planted trees ; and I have frequently received the 
feeds of a Pine from China, which were taken out of 
the cones fo like thofe of this fort,, as not to be dif- 
tinguilhed from them ; but thefe have never grown, 
either by their being too old, or from their having 
been taken out of the cones ; for if the feeds of Pines 
are kept in the cones, they will grow at ten or twelve 
years? 
rf 
