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plants which have male and female flowers on fepa- 
rate plants, whofe female flowers have three ftyles. 
The Species are, _ . j 
1. Pistacia ( Terebinthus ) foliis imparl pinnatis, folio- 
lis fubovato recurvis. Lin. Mat. Med. '454. Sp. 
Plant. 145. Piftachia with unequal winged leaves, whofe 
lobes are fomewhat oval and recurved. I erebinthus In- 
dica Theophrafti piftacia Diofcoridis. Adv. 413. The 
piftachia-trse . 
2. Pistacia •( Trifolia ) foliis fubternatis. Hart. Cliff. 
456. Piftacia with trifoliate leaves. Terebinthus, feu 
piftacia trifolia. Tourn. Inft. 580. Three-leaved Tur- 
pentine, or Piftachia-tree. 
3. Pistacia (Narhonenfis) foliis pinnatis ternatifque, 
fuborbiculatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 1025. Piftachia with 
winged and trifoliate leaves , which are almoft round. 
Terebinthus peregrina, fru&u majore, piftaciis fimili, 
eduli. C. B. P. 400. Tourn. Inft. 579. Foreign Tur- 
pentine-tree, with a large eatable fruit like Piftachia. 
4. Pistacia {Vera) foliis impari pinnatis, foliolis. 
ovato-lanceolatis. Hort. Cliff. 456. Piftachia with un- 
equal winged leaves , whofe lobes are oval and fpear- 
Jhaped. Terebinthus vulgaris. C. B. P. 400. The 
common T urpentine-tree. 
5. Pistacia (. Lentifcus ) foliis abrupte pinnatis, foliolis 
lanceolatis. Hort. Cliff. 456. Piftachia with abrupt 
winged leaves , and narrow fpear-Jhaped lobes. Lentif- 
cus vulgaris. C. B. P. 399. Common Maftick-tree. 
6. Pistacia ( Maffilienfis ) foliis abrupte pinnatis, folio- 
lis lineari lanceolatis. Piftachia with abrupt winged 
leaves , and narrow fpear-Jhaped lobes. Lentifcus anguf- 
tifolia Maffilienfis. H. R. Par. Narrow-leaved Maftick- 
tree of Marfeilles. 
7. Pistacia ( Americana ) foliis impari pinnatis, foliolis 
lanceolato-ovatis acuminatis. Piftachia with unequal 
winged leaves , whofe lobes are fpear-Jhaped , oval, and 
acute-pointed. Terebinthus piftacise fudtu non eduli. 
Plum. Cat. 17. Turpentine-tree with a fruit like the 
Piftachia, which is not eatable. 
8. Pistacia ( Simaruba ) foliis pinnatis deciduis, foliolis 
oblongo ovatis. Piftachia with winged deciduous leaves, 
having oblong oval lobes. Terebinthus major, betulte 
cortice, fructu triangulari. Sloan. Hift. Jam. 2. p. 
89. tab. 199. Greater Turpentine-tree with a bark like 
the Birch-tree , and a triangular fruit, commonly called 
Birch-tree in Jamaica. 
The fir ft fort is the Piftachia-nut-tree, whofe fruit is 
much better known in England than the tree. This 
grows naturally in Arabia, Perfia, and Syria, from 
whence the nuts are generally brought to Europe. In 
thole countries it grows to the height of twenty-five 
or thirty feet ; the bark of the item and old branches 
are of a dark ruffet colour, but that of the young 
branches is of a light brown •, thefe are garnifhed with 
winged leaves, compofed fometimes of two, and at 
others of three pair of lobes, terminated by an odd 
one ; thefe lobes approach toward an oval fhape, and 
their edges turn backward ; if thefe are bruifed, they 
emit an odour like the fhell of the nut. Some of 
thefe trees produce male flowers, others have female, 
and fome, when old, have both on the fame tree. The 
male flowers come out from the fide of the branches, 
in loofe bunches or katkins •, they are of an herbaceous 
colour, having no petals, but have each five fmall 
ftamina, crowned by large four-cornered fummits 
filled with farina •, when that is diicharged, the flowers 
fall off The female flowers come out upon different 
trees in clufters from the fide of the branches ; thefe 
have no petals, but have each a large oval germen, 
fupporting three refiexed ftyles ■, thefe are fucceeded 
by oval nuts. This tree flowers in April, but the 
fruit never ripens in England. It is propagated by 
the nuts, which fhould be planted in pots filled 
with light kitchen-garden earth, and plunged into a 
moderate hot-bed to bring up the plants •, when thefe 
appear, they fhould have a large fhare of air ad- 
mitted to them, to prevent their drawing up weak •, 
and by degrees they mu ft be hardened to bear the 
open air, to which they fhould be expofed the be- 
ginning of June, and may remain abroad till autumn. 
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when they fhould be placed under a hot-bed frame to 
fereen them from the froft in winter ; for while they 
are young, they are too tender to live through the 
winter in England without protection, but they 
fhould always be expofed to the air in mild weather ; 
thefe plants fined their leaves in autumn, fo fhould 
not have much wet in winter ; and in the fpriti'g, be- 
fore the plants begin to fhoot, they mult be tranf- 
planted each into a feparate fmall pot ; and if they 
are plunged into a very moderate hot-bed, it will tor- , 
ward their putting out new roots ; but as foon as they 
begin to fhoot, they mu ft be gradually hardened, and 
placed abroad again ; thefe plants may be kept in 
pots three or four years till they have got ftrength, 
during which time they fhould be fhelfered in win- 
ter ; and afterward they may be turned out of the 
pots, and planted in the full ground, fome againft 
high walls to a warm afpedt, and others in a flickered 
fituation, where they will bear the cold of our ordi& 
nary winters very well, but in fevere frofts they are 
often deftroyed. The trees flower and produce fruit 
in England, but the fummers are not warm enough to 
ripen the nuts. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in Sicily and the Le- 
vant, where it is a tree of a middling fize, covered 
with a rough brown bark, and dividing into many 
branches, which are garnifhed with leaves, which for 
the moft part have three, but fome have four oval 
lobes ; they ftand upon long foot-ftalks, and are of 
a dark green colour. The male flowers grow upon 
different trees from the female, and are. like thofe of 
the former fort, but are of a yellowish green colour. 
The female flowers of this fort I have not feen, fo can 
give no account of them ; thefe are fucceeded by fruit 
like that of the former, but are. much fmaller. This 
is propagated by feeds in the fame ftianner as the for- 
mer, and the plants fhould be treated in the fame way, 
but require more protection in winter. There were fe~ 
veral plants of this kind in the Englifh gardens before 
the year 1 740, which had lived abroad fome years 
againft walls, but that fevere winter killed moft of 
them. 
The third fort grows in Italy and the South, of 
France, but is fuppofed to have been tranfplanted 
there from fome other country. This is a tree of a 
middling fize, covered with a light gray bark, fend- 
ing out many fide branches, which are garnifhed with 
leaves which have fometimes five, and at others but 
three roundifh lobes, which ftand upon pretty long 
foot-ftalks, and are of a light green colour. The 
male flowers grow upon feparate trees from the 
fruit, as in the other forts ; the fruit of this is fmall, 
but eatable. This is propagated by nuts in the fame 
way as the firft, and the plants are equally hardy. 
The fourth fort grows naturally in Barbary, and alfo 
in Spain, Italy, and the Levant. This is a tree of 
middling fize, covered with a brown bark, and di- 
viding into many branches, whofe bark is very fmooth 
while young, garnifhed with winged leaves, compofed 
of three or four pair of oval fpear-fhaped lobes, ter- 
minated by an odd one. The flowers are male and 
female on 'different trees, as the former: the male 
flowers of this have purplifh ftamina; they appear in 
April, but I have not feen any of the female trees in 
flower. This is propagated by feeds, but unlefs they 
are fown in autumn foon after they are ripe, they fel- 
ciom grow the firft year, but remain in the ground a 
whole year ; and unlefs the feeds are taken from fiich 
trees as grow near the male, the feeds will not grow,, 
as I have feveral times experienced. 
The plants of this fort may be treated in the fame 
manner as the firft, and are as hardy. There is a tree 
of this fort now growing in the gardens of the Bifhop 
of London at Fulham, againft a wall, which was 
planted there above fifty years ago, and has endured 
the winters without cover;, and fome tree's of this 
kind which were planted in the open air, in the gar- 
den of his Grace the Duke of Richmond at Good- 
wood in Sufiex, had furvived feveral winters without 
any protection. From thefe trees the common tur- 
pentine 
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