I 
P I s 
pentine of the Hiops was formerly taken, but there 
is little of that now imported, but that from fome of 
the cone-bearing trees is generally fubftitutecl for it. 
The fifth fort is the common Maftick-tree, which is 
better known in the gardens by its Latin title of Len- 
tifcus. This grows naturally in Spain, Portugal, and 
Italy, and being evergreen, the plants have been pre- 
ferred in the Englifh gardens to adorn the green- 
houfe in winter. This in its native countries rifes to 
the height of eighteen or twenty feet, covered with a 
gray bark, fending out many branches, which have a 
reddifli brown bark, and are garnilhed with winged 
leaves, cotnpofed of three or four pair of fmall fpear- 
fhaped lobes, without an odd one at the end. The 
midrib which'fuftains the lobes, has two narrow bor- 
ders or wings, running from lobe to lobe ; thefe lobes 
are of a lucid green on their upper fide, but pale on 
their under. The male flowers come out in loofe 
clufters from the Tides of the branches 5 they are of 
an herbaceous colour, appearing in May, and foon 
fall off. Thefe are generally upon different plants 
from the fruit, which alfo grows in clufters, and are 
fmall berries, of a black colour when ripe. 
The plants of this fort are generally propagated by 
laying down of their young branches, which, if pro- 
perly managed, will put out roots in one year, and 
may then be cut oft from the old plants, and each 
tranfplanted into feparate fmall pots. Thefe muft be 
fheltered in winter, and in fummer placed abroad in 
a fheltered fituation, and treated in the fame way as 
other hardy kinds of green-houfe plants. It may al- 
fo be propagated by feeds in the fame way as the T ur- 
pentine-tree ; but if the feeds are not taken from trees 
growing in the neighbourhood of the male, they will 
not grow •, and if they are kept out of the ground 
till fpring, the plants rarely appear till the fpring fol- 
lowing. When thefe plants have obtained ftrength, 
fome of them may be turned out of the pots, and 
planted againft warm walls ; where, if their branches 
are trained againft the walls, they will endure the 
ordinary winters very well, and with a little fhelter in 
fevere winters they may be preferved. 
The fixth fort grows naturally about Marfeilles, and 
in fome other places in the South of France, where it 
rifes to the fame height as the former from which 
it differs, in having one or two pair of lobes more on 
each leaf, and the lobes are much narrower, and of a 
paler colour. This difference holds in the plants 
which are propagated by feeds, fo may be pronounced 
a diftind fpecies. It is propagated in the fame way 
as the former fort, and is equally hardy. 
The feventh fod grows naturally in many of the 
iflands in the Weft-Indies, where it rifes to a middling 
ftature, dividing into many branches, which are co- 
vered with a purplifn bark, and garnilhed with winged 
leaves, compofed of two or three pair of fpear-fhaped, 
oval, acute-pointed lobes, terminated by an odd one ; 
thefe are an inch and three quarters long, and near an 
inch broad, running out in acute points ; they are very 
thin and tender, and have long foot-ftalks. The male 
flowers come out at the end of the branches ; they are 
difpofed in a Angle racenrus (or long bunch) about 
three inches long ; they are of a purplifh colour, and 
have yellow fummits. The fruit grows upon feparate 
trees from the male flowers •, they are fhaped like the 
nuts of Piftachia, but are fmaller and not eatable. This 
was fent me by Dr. Creffy from Antigua. 
The eighth fort grows naturally in Jamaica, and alfo 
in moil of the other iflands in the Weft-Indies, where 
it rifes to the height of thirty or forty feet, covered 
with a loofe brown bark, which falls off in large pieces ; 
the Hems’ are large, and divide into many branches to- 
ward the top, which are crooked andunfightly 5 thefe 
are garniftied with winged leaves, compofed of five 
or fix pair of oblong, oval, frnooth lobes, about four 
inches long and two broad, terminated by an odd one. 
The flowers come out at the end of the branches, in 
long loofe bunches of a yellowifh colour ; thefe grow 
on different trees, or on different parts of the fame 
tree from the fruit, which alfo hangs in long bunches, 
and is about the fize of a middling Pea, having a dark 
fkin covering a nut about thefize of a common Cher- 
ry-Hone, and of the fame colour. 
Thefe two trees are tender, fo will not thrive in this 
country, unlefs they are kept in a warm ftove. They 
are propagated by feeds, which muft be taken from 
inch trees as grow in the neighbourhood of the males, 
otherwife they will not grow, as I have too often found 
true. Thefe fhould be fov/n in pots filled with light 
earth, and plunged into a good hot-bed of tanners 
bark j and when the plants are come up fit to re- 
move, they fhould be each planted in a feparate fmall 
pot, and plunged into a frefh hot- bed, treating them 
in the fame way as the other tender plants from the 
fame countries, and in the autumn tjiey fhould be re- 
moved into the ftove, plunging the pots into the tan- 
bed ; and during the winter they muft have but little 
water, efpecially if they caft their leaves, which is 
generally the cafe after the firft winter ; for the young 
plants generally retain their leaves the whole year, 
but afterward they are deftitute of leaves for two 
months, in the latter part of the winter. Thefe plants 
fhould conftantly remain in the ftove, but in warm 
weather they muft have a large fhare of air admitted 
to them. 
PI SUM. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 394. tab. 215. Lin. 
Gen. Plant. 779. [Some are of opinion, that this 
plant takes its name from the city Pifa, where it an- 
ciently grew in plenty ; others derive it from wiinp, 
which comes from w-hrlw, to fall ; becaufe, if this 
plant be not fupported, it will fall to the ground.] 
Pea •, in F rencn, Pois. 
The Characters are, 
Phe flower bath a one-leaved ■permanent empalement cut 
into five points, the two upper being broadeft ■, it hath four 
petals , and is of the butterfly kind. Phe flandard is broad , 
heart-fhaped , reflexed , and indented , ending in a point. Phe 
two wings are floor ter, roundijh , and clcfe together the 
keel is comprejfed , moon-Jhaped , and jhorter than the wings. 
It hath ten ftamina in two bodies , the upper Jingle one is 
plain and awl-Jhaped , the other nine are cylindrical below 
the middle, awl-Jhaped above and cut ; thefe are joined 
together , and are terminated by roundijh fummits. It has an 
oblong comprejfed germen , with a triangular rifling ftyle , 
crowned by a hairy oblong fligma. Phe germen afterward 
becomes a large, long, taper pod, terminated by a Jharp 
rifling point, opening with two valves, having one row of 
roundifh feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the third fedion of 
Linngeus’s feventeenth clafs, which contains thofe 
plants whofe flowers have ten ftamina joined in two 
bodies. 
The Species are, 
1. Pisum ( Sativum ) ftipulis inferne rotundatis crenatis, 
petiolis teretibus, pedunculis multifloris. Hort. Upfal. 
215. Pea whofe lower flipula are roundijh and indented , 
with taper foot-ftalks bearing many flowers. Pifurn 
hortenfe majtis, fiore fruduque albo. C. B. P. 342. 
Greater Garden Pea with a, white flower and fruit. 
2. Pisum ( Humile ) caule eredo ramoio, foliis bijugatis, 
foliolis rotundioribus. Pea with an erect branching ftalk, 
and leaves having two pair of round lobes. Pifum hu- 
mile, caule firmo. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 394. Dwarf Pea 
with a firm ftalk. 
3. Pisum ( Umbellatum ) ftipulis quadrifidis acutis, pe- 
dunculis multifloris terminalibus. Pea with four- 
pointed acute ftipul#, and foot-ftalks bearing many flowers , 
which terminate the ftalks. Pifum umbellatum. C. B. P. 
342. Phe Rofle or Crown Pea. 
4. Pisum ( Maritimum ) petiolis fupra planiufculis, caule 
angulato, ftipulis fagittatis, pedunculis multifloris. 
Flor. Suec. 608. Pea with foot-ftalks which are plain 
on their upper fide , an angular ftalk, arrow-pointed fti- 
pulcs, and foot-ftalks bearing many flowers. 
5. Pisum ( Americanum ) caule angulato procumbente, 
foliolis inferioribus lanceoiatis acute dentatis, fummis 
fagittatis. Pea with an angular trailing ftalk , whofe 
lower leaves are fpear-fhaped and fharply indented , and 
thofe at the top arrow-pointed, commonly called Cape 
Horn Pea . N 
6 . Pisum 
