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bearing, for which the Golden and Charlton Hot- 
fpurs are chiefly preferred ; though if either of thefe 
forts are cultivated in the fame place for three or four 
years, they are apt to degenerate and be later in fpring. 
fruiting, for which reafon moft curious perfons pro- 
cure their feeds annually from fome diftant place ^ and 
in the choice of thefe feeds, if they could be obtained 
from a colder fituation and a poorer foil, than that in 
which they are to be fown, it will be much better than 
on the contrary, and they will come earlier in the fpring. 
Thefe muft alfo be fown on warm borders, towards 
the latter end of Odbober j and when the plants are 
come up, you fhould draw the earth up to their flranks 
in the manner before diredted ; which flb: u!d be repeat- 
ed as the plants advance in height (always obferving to 
do it when the ground is dry) which will greatly pro- 
te£l the Items of the plants againft froft; and ir the 
winter fhould prove very fevere, it will be of great 
fervice to the plants to cover them with Peas-haulm, 
or fome other light covering •, which fhould be con- 
ftantly taken off in mild weather, and only fuffered 
to remain on during the continuance of the froft •, for 
if they are kept too clofe, they will be drawn very 
Weak and tender, and thereby be liable to be deftroyed 
with the leaft inclemency of the feafon. 
In the fpring you muff carefully clear them from 
Weeds, and draw fome freih earth up to their Items ^ 
but do not raife it too high to the plants, left by bu- 
rying their leaves you fhould rot their Items, as is fome- 
times the cafe, efpecially in wet feafons. You fhould 
alfo obferve to keep them clear from vermin, which, 
if permitted to remain amongft the plants, will in- 
creafe fo plentifully as to devour the greateft part of 
them. The chief of the vermin which infeft Peas 
are the flugs, which lie all the day in the fmall hol- 
lows of the earth, near the ftems of the plants, and in 
the night time come out, and make terrible deftruc- 
tion of the Peas ; and thefe chiefly abound in wet 
foils, or where a garden is negledled, and over-run 
with weeds ; therefore you fhould make the ground 
clear every way round the Peas to deftroy their har- 
bours, and afterwards in a fine mild morning very 
early, when thefe vermin are got abroad from their 
holes, you fhould flack a quantity of lime, which 
fhould be fown hot over the ground pretty thick, 
which will deftroy the vermin wherever it happens 
to fall upon them, but will do very little injury to the 
Peas, provided it be not fcattered too thick upon 
them. This is the beft method I could ever find to 
deftroy thefe troublefome vermin. 
If this crop of Peas fucceeds, it will immediately fol- 
low thofe on the hot bed ; but for fear this fhould 
mifcarry, it will be proper to fow two more crops at 
about a fortnight’s diftance from each other, fo that 
there may be the more chances to fucceed. This will 
be fufficient until the fpring of the year, when you 
may fow three more crops of thefe Peas ; one toward 
the beginning of January, the other a fortnight after, 
and the third at the end of January. Thefe two late 
fowings will be fufficient to continue the early fort of 
Peas through the firft feafon, and after this it will be 
proper to have fome of the large fort of Peas to fuc- 
ceed them for the ufe of the family ; in order to 
which, you fhould fow fome of the Spanifh Morotto, 
which is a great bearer, and a hardy fort of Pea, 
about the middle of February, upon a clear open fpot 
of ground. Thefe muft be fown in rows about three 
feet afunder, and the Peas fhould be dropped in the 
drills about an inch diftance, covering them about 
two inches deep with earth, being very careful that 
none of them lie uncovered, which will draw the 
mice, pigeons, or rooks, to attack the whole fpot ; 
and it often happens by this neglect, that a whole 
plantation is devoured by thefe creatures ; whereas, 
when there are none of the Peas left in fight, they do 
not fo eafily find them out. 
About a fortnight after this you fhould fow another 
fpot, either of this fort, or any other large fort of 
Pea, to fucceed thofe, and then continue to repeat 
fowing once a fortnight, till the middle or latter end 
of May, fome of thefe kinds, only obferving to allow 
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the Marrowfats, and other very large forts of Peas, ail 
leaft three feet and a half, or four' foet between row 
and row ; and the Rofe Pea fhould be allowed at leaft 
eight or ten inches dsltance plant from plant in the 
rows, for thefe grow very large , and if they have not 
room allowed them, they will fpoil each other by 
drawing up very tall, and will produce no fruit. 
When thefe plants come up, the earth fhould be 
drawn up to their fnanks (as was before direded) and 
the ground kept entirely clear from weeds 5 and when 
the plants are grown eight or ten inches high, you 
fhould flick fome rough boughs, or brufh wood, into 
the ground clofe to the Peas, for them to ramp upon, 
which will fupport them from trailing upon 1 the 
ground, which is very apt to rot the large-growing 
forts of Peas, efpecially in wet feafons ; befides, by 
thus fupporting them, the air can freely pafs between 
them, which will preferve the bloffoms from falling- 
off before their time, and occafion them to bear much 
better than if permitted to lie upon the ground, and 
there will be room to pafs between the rows to gather 
the Peas when they are ripe. 
The dwarf forts of Peas may be fown much clofer 
together than thofe before- mentioned, for thefe feldorn 
rife above a foot high, and rarely fpread above half 
a foot in width, fo that thefe need not have more 
room than two feet row from row, and not above 
an inch afunder in the rows. Thefe produce a 
good quantity of Peas, provided the feafon is not 
over-dry, but they feldom continue long in bearing, 
fo that they are not fo proper to fow for the main crop, 
when a quantity of Peas is expedled for the table, 
their chief excellency being for hot-beds, where they 
will produce a greater quantity of Peas (provided they 
are well managed) than if expofed to the open air, 
where the heat of the fun foon dries them up. 
The Sickle Pea is much more common in Holland 
than in England, it being the fort rnoftly cultivated 
in that country but in England they are only propa- 
gated by curious gentlemen for their own table, gnd 
are rarely brought into the markets. This fort the 
birds are very fond of, and if they are not prevented, 
many times deftroy the whole crop. This fhould be 
planted in rows about two feet and a half afunder, and 
fhould be managed as hath been diredted for the other 
forts. Although! have diredted the fowing of the large 
forts of Peas for the great crop, yet thefe are not fo 
fweet as the early Hotfpur Peas ; therefore it will alfo 
be proper to continue a fucceffion of thofe forts 
through the feafon, in fmall quantities, to fupply the 
beft table, which may be done by fowing fome every 
week or ten days ; but all thofe which are fown 
late in the feafon, fhould have a ftrong moift foil, for 
in hot light land they will burn up and come to 
nothing. 
The large-growing forts may be cultivated for the 
common ufe of the family, bee aufe thefe will produce 
in greater quantities than the other, and will endure 
the drought better, but the early kinds are by far the 
fweeter tailed Peas. 
The beft of all the large kinds is the Marrowfat, which 
if gathered young, is a weil-tafted Pea, and this 
will continue good through the month of Auguft 
if planted on a ftrong foil. 
The gray and other large winter Peas are feldom cul- 
tivated in gardens, becaufe they require a great deal 
of room, but are ufually fown in fields in moft parts 
of England. The beft time for fowing thefe is about 
the beginning of March, when the weather is pretty- 
dry, for if they are put into the ground in a very wet 
feafon, they are apt to rot, efpecially if the ground be 
cold ; thefe fhould be allowed at leaft three or four feet 
diftance row from row, and muft be fown very thin in 
the rows ; for if they are fown too thick, the haulm 
will fpread fo as to fill the ground, and ramble over 
each other, which will caufe the plants to rot, and 
prevent their bearing. 
The common white Pea will do beft on light fandy 
land, or on a rich loofe foil. The ufual method of 
fowing thefe Peas is with a broad caft, and fo harrow 
them in ; but it is a much better way to fow them in 
. ' h drills 
