■$. Tulegium ( Cervinum ) foiiis linearibus, floribus yer- 
ticillatis terminaiibufque. Pennyroyal with linear leaves , 
and jiowers growing in whorls at the ends of the ftalks. 
Pulegium anguftifolium. C. B. P. Narrow-leaved 
■Pennyroyal, , ....... 
The firft fort grows naturally upon moift commons, 
where the water Hands in winter, in many parts of 
England. The root is fibrous and perennial; the 
ftalks are fmooth and trail upon the ground, putting 
out roots at every joint, whereby it fpreads and pro- 
pagates very faft ; the ftalks are garni.fhed at each 
joint by two oval leaves, which are for the moft part 
entire. The flowers grow toward the upper part of 
the branches, coming out juft above the leaves at 
each joint, in whorls ; they are of a pale purple co- 
lour, fmall and galeated, the helmet being entire ; 
whereas in the Mint, this is indented at the point. 
The ftamina of the flowers are of the fame length with 
the petal, but the ftyle is fomewhat longer ; the 
whole plant has a very ftrong fmell, and a hot aroma- 
tic tafte. There is a diftilled water of this plant 2nd 
alfo an oil, which is kept in the fhops for medicinal 
ufe. There is a variety of this with a white flower, 
which is fometimes found growing naturally in Eng- 
land. ■ . , ... 
The feeds of the fecond fort were fent me from Gi- 
braltar, which lucceeded in the Chelfea Garden, but 
had been before introduced into feveral gardens, 
where it had been cultivated to fupply the markets. 
The ftalks of this grow eredt and near a foot high ; 
the leaves are longer and narrower than thofe of the 
common fort, the whorls of flowers are much larger, 
and their ftamina are longer than the petals. This 
fort hath almoft fuperfeded the fjrft in the markets, 
for as the ftalks grow erect, fo it is much eafler to 
cut and tie in bunches than the common fort; it al- 
fo comes earlier to flower, and has a brighter appear- 
ance, but whether it is as good for ufe, I fhall leave 
to be determined by thofe whofe province it be- 
longs to. „ 
The third fort grows naturally in the fouth of France 
and Italy, it is called Hart’s Pennyroyal. This is 
by fome preferred to the common fort for medici- 
nal ufe ; the ftalks of this grow eredl, near two feet 
high, fending out fide branches all their length ; the 
leaves are very narrow, and of a thicker lubftance 
than thofe of the common fort, the whorls of flowers 
are rather larger ; the fcent is not quite fo ftrong as 
that of the firft fort, and the ftalks are frequently 
terminated by whorls of flowers. This is cultivated 
in gardens here, and flowers about the fame time as 
the common fort. There is a variety of this with 
white flowers, which grows taller than that with pur- 
ple flowers, but I do not believe it is a different fort. 
All thefe plants propagate themfelves very faft by 
their branches trailing upon the ground, which emit 
roots at every joint, and fallen themfelves into the 
earth, and fend forth new branches ; fo that no more 
Is required in their culture, than to cut off any of 
thefe rooted branches, and plant them out in frelh 
beds, allowing them at leaft a foot from plant to plant 
every way, that they may have room to grow ; or 
the young fnoots of thefe planted in the fpring, will 
take root like Mint. 
The beft time for this work is in September, that the 
plants may be rooted before winter ; For if the old 
roots are permitted to remain fo dole together, as 
they generally grow in the compafs of a year, they 
are fubjed to rot in winter ; befides the young plants 
will be much ftronger, and produce a larger crop the 
fucceeding fummer, than if they were removed in the 
fpring. Thefe plants all love a moift ftrong foil, in 
which they will fiourilh exceedingly. 
PUL MON ARIA. Tourn. inft. R. H. 136. tab. 
55* Lin. Gen. Plant. 184. [fo called from Pulmones, 
Lat. the lungs, becaufe fuppofed to be a very good 
medicament for the lungs.] Lungwort; in French, 
Puhnonaire. 
The Characters are, 
The flower hath a cylindrical , five-cornered , permanent 
empalement of one leaf , cut into five fegments at the top. 
Phe flower is of one .petal, having a cylindrical tube the 
length of the empalement , cut at the top into five farts , 
which-. fpread open , .but the chaps are pervious. It hath 
five floor i ftamina , terminated by eredt Summits which clofe 
t Qgether , and four gerrnen fupporting a [hart ftyle , crown- 
ed by an obtufle indented ftigrna, Phe gernien afterward 
turn to four roundijb feeds , fitting in the bottom of the- em- 
palement.. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedion of 
Linnaeus s fifth clais, which contains these plants whofe 
flowers have five ftamina and one ftyle. 
The Species are ? 
1. Pulmonaria ( Officinalis ) foiiis radicalibus ovate- 
cordatis fcabris. Port. Cliff. 44. Lungwort whofe 
lower leaves ate oval , heart -Jhaped , and rough. Pul- 
monaria vulgaris, maculofp folio. Cluf. Hift. 169. 
Common [potted Lungwort , or Jerufalem Cowflip. 
2. Pulmonaria (. Alpina ) foiiis cauiinis ovatis glabris, 
floribus patulis, iegmentis obtufmfeulis. Lungwort 
with ova. I Jmooth leaves to the ftalks , fpreading flowers , 
and obtufle fegments. Pulmonaria Alpina, ■ foiiis molli- 
bus fubrotundis, fiore cseruleo. Tourn. Inft. R. LL 
136. Lungwort of the Alps, with feft roundijb leaves , 
and a blue flower. 
3. Pulmonaria. (Saccharata) foiiis lanceolatis bafi femi- 
amplexicauhbus, calycibus abbreviatis. Lungwort 
with fpear -Jhaped leaves , whofe bafe half embrace the ftalk , 
and the empalement [sorter than the jube of the flower . 
Pulmonaria maxima foiiis quafi faccharo incruftatis. 
Pluk. Aim. 359. Greateft Lungwort with fpotted leaves , 
as if they were incruft ed with flugar. 
4. Pulmonaria ( Anguftifolia ) folks radicalibus lanceo- 
latis. Hort. Cliff. 44. Lungwort with the lower leaves 
fpear-Jhaped. Pulmonaria anguftifolia caeruleo flore. 
. J. B. 3 . 59 6. Narrow-leaved Lungwort with a blue flower . . 
5. Pulmonaria ( Orientals ) caulibus procumbentibus, 
floribus fingularibus alaribus, calycibus inflatis corol- 
la longioribus. Lungwort with trailing ftalks , flowers 
growing fingly from the fides , and fwollen empalement s 
which are longer than the. petals. Pulmonaria Orien- 
talis, calyce veficario, foiiis ecnii, fiore purpurea in- 
fundibuliformi. Tourn. Cor. 6 . Eaftern Lungwort with 
an empalement like a bladder , a Viper’s Buglofs leaf, and 
a purple funnel-Jhaped flower. 
6 . Pulmonaria ( Virginica ) calycibus abbreviatis, foiiis 
lanceolatis. obtufiufculis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 135. Lung- 
wort with Jhort empalements to the flowers, and fpear- 
Jhaped obtufle leaves. Symphytum five pulmonaria non 
maculata, folks glabris acuminatis flore patul'o cae.ru- 
leo. Pluk. Aim. 359. Lungwort with fmooth, unfpot- 
ted, acute-pointed leaves, and a blue Jpueadinv flower. 
The firft fort grows naturally in woods and fhady 
places. in Italy and Germany, and is Cultivated in the 
Englifh gardens chiefly for medicinal ufe. It hath a 
perennial fibrous root ; the lower leaves are rough, 
of an oval heart-fnape, about fix inches long, and 
two inches and a half broad, of a dark green on their 
upper fide, marked with many broad whitifli fpots, 
but pale and unfpotted on their under fide ; the ftalks 
rife almoft a foot high, having feveral fmaller leaves 
on them, ftanding alternately. The flov/ers are pro- 
duced in fmall bunches at the top of the ftalks, each 
having a tubulous hairy empalement as long as the 
tfibc of the flower ; the brims of the petal are fpread 
open, and are fhaped like a cup ; thefe are red j pur- 
ple, and blue, in the fame bunch; They appear in 
April, and are fucceeded by four naked feed's, which 
ripen in the empalement. It is accounted a pedoral 
balfamic plant, and good for coughs andconfumptions, 
{pitting of blood, and the like diforders of the lungs ; 
it is likewife put into wound drinks. 
The fecond fort grows naturally on the Alps ; this 
hatha perennial fibrous root ; the leaves are large, 
fmooth, and fpotted on their upper fide ; the ftalks 
rife nine indies high, and are garnifhed with oval 
leaves whofe bafe join the ftalks; The flowers grow 
in fmall bunches on the top of the ftalk ; they are 
purple, and fpread open wider than thofe of the 
common fort. 
10 Y 
