PYR 
fuppofing It very neceffary to preferve the fruit % but 
the contrary of this is found true, by thofe perfons 
who have large ftocks of fruit laid up in their ftore- 
iioufes In London, which remain clofely fhut up for 
feveral months, in the manner before related •, and 
whe'h thefe are opened, the fruit is always found 
plumper and founder than any of thofe fruits which 
Were preferred fingly upon Ihelves, whofe fkins are 
always fhrivelled and dry.- For (as Mr. Boyle ob- 
\ 
<L U E 
U A M O C L I T. See Ipomoe a. 
QJJERCUS. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 582. 
tab. 349. Lin. Gen. Plant. 949. [fo called 
of jew Gr. to make rough ; either from 
the roughnefs of its bark, or becaufe of its aufterity.] 
The Oak-tree ; in French, Chene. 
The Characters are. 
It hath male and female flowers on the fame tree the 
male flowers are difpofed in a loofe katkin •, thefe have an 
empalement of one leaf, divided into four or five flegments ; 
they have no petals , but many Jhort flamina , terminated 
by large twin fmmits . 5 The female flowers which Jit 
clbje to the buds , have a hemiflpherical thick empalement 
of one leaf which is rough and entire , almoft hiding the 
flower , which has no petal , but a fmall oval germen , fup- 
porting a Jingle five-pointed ftyle , crowned by Jingle per- 
manent ftigmas. Phe germen afterward becomes an oval 
nut (or acorn ) with a thick cover , having one cell , whofe 
bafe is fixed into the empalement or cup. 
This genus is ranged in the eighth fedtion of Lin- 
nasus’s twenty- firft clafs, which includes thofe plants 
which have male and female flowers on the fame plant, 
whofe male flowers have many flamina. He joins to 
this genus the Ilex and the Suber of Tournefort, 
whofe characters are the fame as the Oak. 
The Species are, 
1. Quercus ( Robur ) foliis deciduis oblongis, fuperne 
latioribus finubus acutioribus, angulis obtufis petiola- 
tis glandibus feffilibus. Oak with oblong deciduous leaves, 
broader toward the top , having acute indentures, with ob- 
iufe angles, which have long foot-ftalks , and acorns fitting 
clofle to the branches. Quercus latifolia mas, qus 
hrevi pediculo eft. C. B. P. 419. Broad-leaved male 
Oak, the fruit of which has Jhort foot-fialhs , or common 
Oak. 
2. Quercus ( Fcemina ) foliis deciduis oblongis obtufis, 
pinnato-finuatis petiolis breviffimis, pedunculis glan- 
dorum Ion gift! unis. Oak with oblong , obtufe, deciduous 
leaves , vshich are winged , finuated , and have very 
. jhort foot-flalks , with a fruit growing upon long foot- 
fialks. Quercus cum longo pediculo. C. B. P. 429. 
Oak with long foot-flalks to the Acorn. 
3 . Quercus ( Sempervirens ) foliis oblongis finuatis ob- 
tufis perennantibus, pedunculis glandorum longiffi- 
. fnis. Oak with oblong , obtufe, indented leaves "which are 
evergreen, having very long foot-fialks to the Acorns. 
Quercus latifolia perpetuo virens. C. B. P. 420. 
Broad-leaved evergreen Oak. 
4 c Quercus ( Humilis ) foliis oblongis obtuse dentatis, 
frudtibus feffilibus conglomeratis. Dwarf Oak with 
oblong obtufely indented leaves , and fruit growing in chflers 
fitting clofe to the branches. Quercus humilis gallis bi~ 
PYR 
ferves) the air is the caufe of putrefaction 4 and, in 
order to prove this, that honourable perfon put fruits 
of feveral kinds into glaffes where the air was ex~ 
haufled, in which places they remained found for fe- 
veral months, but, upon being expofed to the air, rot- 
ted in a very ffaort time after ; which plainly fhews the 
abfurdity of the common method now tiled, to pre- 
ferve fruit. 
II 
© 
<TU E 
nis ternis aut plurimis fimul jundlrs. C. B. P. 420. 
Dwarf Oak with galls growing together by fairs, by 
threes, or in larger clufiers. 
5. Quercus (Denis) foliis oblongis lyrato-pinnatifidis., 
laciniis tranfverfis acutis, fubtus fubtomentofis. Lin. 
Sp. Plant. 997 * h)ak with oblong leaves which are lyre- 
Jhaped, wing-pointed, and have tranfuerfe acute jags which 
are downy on their under fide. Quercus calyce hifpido, 
glande minore. C. B. P. 420. Oak with prickly cups 
and fmaller Acorns. 
6. Quercus (Efculus) foliis pinnato-finuatis lsevibus 
frubtibus feffilibus. Prod. Leyd. 80. Oak with fmootb 
wing-indented leaves, and fruit fitting clofe to the 
branches. Quercus parva five Phagus Grtecorum & 
Efculus Plinii. C. B. P. The fmall Oak or Phagus of the 
Greeks, and the Efculus of Pliny, commonly called the cut- 
leaved Italian Oak. 
7. Quercus ( ABgilops ) foliis ovato-oblongis glabris, 
ferrato dentatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 1414. Oak with oblong , 
oval, fmootb, flawed, indented leaves. Quercus calyce 
echinato, glande majore. C. B. P. 420. Oak with a 
prickly cup and a larger Acorn. 
8. Quercus (Rubra) foliis obtuse-finuatis fetaceo-mu- 
cronatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 996. Oak voith obtufe finu- 
ated leaves , terminated by brifily points. Quercus Efculi 
divifura, foliis amplioribus aculeatis. Pluk. Aim. 309. 
tab. 54. fig. 4. Oak with broad [piny leaves, which are 
divided like the Efculus. 
9. Quercus (Prims) foliis obovatis utrinque acumina- 
tis finuato-ferratis, denticulis rotundatis uniformibus. 
Hort. Cliff. 448. Oak with oblong oval leaves which are 
pointed on both fides , and have flawed fnufes, with uni- 
form roundjfh indentures. Quercus caftaneae foliis pro- 
cera arbor Yirginiana. Pluk. Aim. 309. Phe American 
Cheflnut-leaved Oak. 
10. Quercus (Nigra) foliis cuneiformibus obfolete tri- 
lobis. Flor. Yirg. 1 1 7. Oak with wedge-Jhaped leaves, 
having three worn-out lobes. Quercus folio non ferrato 
in fummitate quafi triangulo, Catefb. Car. 1. p. 20. Eke 
Black Oak. 
11. Quercus (Alba) foliis oblique pinna’tifidis, finu- 
bus angulifque obtufis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 996. Oak with 
oblique many-pointed leaves , having obtufe .fnufes and 
angles. Quercus alba Yirginiana. Catefb. Car. 1. 
p. 21. tab. 21. Phe white Oak of Virginia. 
12. Quercus (P hellos) foliis lanceolatis integerrimis 
glabris. Flor. Virg. 149. Oak with fpear-fhaped, entire , 
fmootb leaves. Quercus foliis oblongis non finuatis. 
Catefb. Car. 1. p. 17. Phe Willow-leaved Oak. 
13. Quercus (Ilex) foliis oblongo-ovatis fubtus tomento- 
fis integerrimis. Prod. Leyd. 81. Oak with oblong , oval, 
entire leaves, which are downy on their under fide. Ilex 
, folio 
