folio angufio non ferrato. C. B. P. 424. The narrow- 
leaved evergreen Oak. 
14. Quercus (Gramuntid) foliis ohlongo-ovatis finuato- 
fpinoiis fubtus tomentofis, glandibus pedunculatis. 
Sauv. Monfp. 9 6 . Evergreen Oak with oblong, oval , 
prickly , indented leaves , which are woolly on their under 
fide , and bears Acorns with foot -folks. Ilex folio agri- 
folii. Bot. Monfp. 140. T he Holly-leaved evergreen Oak. 
1 4 Quercus (Coccifera) foliis ovatis indivifis, fpinofo- 
"dentatis glabris. Prod. Leyd. 80. Oak with oval, un- 
divided, fmooth leaves , which are prickly and indented. 
Ilex aculeata, cocciglandifera. C. B. P. 425. Prickly 
Kermes Oak. 
1 6. Quercus (Virgtniana) foliis lanceolato-ovatis inte- 
gerrimis petiolatis fempervirentibus. Oak with fpear- 
fhaped, oval, entire leaves , which are evergreen , and 
have foot-fialks. Quercus fempervirens foliis oblon- 
gis non finuatis. Ban id. Evergreen Oak with oblong 
leaves which are not finuated , commonly called Live Oak 
in America. 
17. Quercus ( Suber ) foliis ovato-oblongis indivifis fer- 
ratis fubtus tomentofis, cortice rimofo fungofo. Hort. 
Cliff. 448. Oak with oval, oblong , undivided leaves , 
which are Jawed and woolly on their under fide , and have 
a fungous cleft bark. Suber latifolium perpetuo vi- 
rens. C. B. P. 424. The broad-leaved evergreen Cork- 
tree. 
The firft fort here mentioned, is the mod common 
Oak of this country, which is fo well known as to 
need no defeription ; the leaves of this have pretty 
long foot-dalks, and the Acorns have none, but fit 
clofe to the branches. 
The fecond fort is not fo common here as the firft, 
but in the wilds of Kent and Suffex I have feen many 
large trees of this kind. The leaves of this are not 
fo deeply finuated as thofe of the firfi, nor are they fo 
irregular, but the indentures are oppofite, like the 
lobes of winged leaves ; thefe have fcarce any foot- 
dalks, but fit clofe to the branches ; the Acorns dand 
upon very long foot-dalks, in which they differ from 
the common fort. The timber of this fort is account- 
ed better than that of the fird, and the trees when 
growing have a better appearance. Thefe have been 
generally fuppofed to be feminal varieties, which have 
accidentally come from Acorns of the fame trees ; I 
was long of this opinion' myfelf, but having lately 
feen fome young trees with Acorns upon them, which 
were raifed from Acorns of the fecond fort, and find- 
ing they retain their difference, I am inclined to be- 
lieve they are different. 
The third fort grows upon the Apennines, and alfo 
in Swabia and Portugal. The leaves of this are 
broader, and not fo deeply finuated as thofe of the 
common Oak ; they are of a lighter green on their 
upper fide, and pale on their under ; they have very 
Ihort foot-dalks, and their points are obtuie the 
Acorns have very long foot-dalks, which frequently 
fudain three or four growing in a cluder. 
The fourth fort grows in the fouth of France and 
Italy ; this is a low bulky Oak, which rifes but fix or 
feven feet high, fending out many llender branches 
the whole length, garnifhed with oblong leaves which 
are obtufely indented ; they are about three inches 
long, and one and a half broad, Handing upon (len- 
der foot-dalks ; the Acorns are fmall and grow in 
cinders, and the galls grow three or four together. 
The fifth fort grows in Burgundy ; the leaves of this 
are oblong and pointed, and are frequently indented 
in the middle like a lyre ; they are jagged and acute- 
pointed, a little hoary on their under fide, danding 
upon llender foot-dalks. The Acorns are fmall, and 
have rough prickly cups. 
The fixth fort grows naturally in Spain and Italy *, the 
leaves of this tree are fmooth, and deeply finuated 
like winged leaves •, fome of the finufes are obtufe, 
and others end in acute points ; they have very Ihort 
foot-dalks -, the branches are covered with a purplilh 
bark when young ; the Acorns are long and llender, 
the cups rough and a little prickly, fitting clofe to the 
branches. The Acorns of this fort are fweet, and are 
frequently eaten by the poor in the fouth of France, 
who in times of fcarcky grind them and make bread 
with the flour. 
The feventh fort grows naturally in the Levant, from, 
whence the A.corns are annually brought to Europe, 
where they are ufed for dyeing thefe are called Ye- 
lani, and the tree Velanida by the Greeks. It is one 
of the faired fpecies of Oak in the world : the trunk 
of this rifes as high as the common Oak ; the branches 
extend very wide on every fide, and are covered with 
a grayiih bark, intermixed with brown foots •, the 
the branches are clofely garnifhed with oblong oval 
leaves, about three inches long, and alrffoft two 
broad, which are deeply fawed on their edges ; molt 
of the laws or teeth turn backward, and terminate in 
acute points. The leaves are ffiff, of a pale green on 
their upper fide, and downy on their under; the Acorns 
have very large fcaly cups which almoft cover them ; 
the feales are ligneous and acute-pointed. Handing 
out a quarter of an inch ; fome of the cups are as 
large as middling Apples. 
The eighth fort grows naturally in Virginia, and in. 
other parts of North America. This arrives to & 
large fize in the countries where it naturally grows ; 
the bark is fmooth, of a grayifh colour, but that of 
the younger branches is darker ; the leaves are fix 
inches long, and two and a half broad in the middle, 
where they are broadeft ; they are obtufely finuated^ 
each linus ending with a briftly point, of a bright 
green, Handing upon Ihort foot-Halks. The leaves 
continue their verdure very late in autumn, fo that 
unlels hard froft comes on early, they do not fall till 
near Chriffmas, and they do not change their colour 
long before. The Acorns of this fort are a little long- 
er, but not fo thick as thofe of the common Oak. 
The ninth fort grows naturally in North America ; 
of this there feems to be two kinds, one of which 
grows to a much larger fize than the other, though 
this may be occafioned by the foil in which they grow; 
for the largefi fort grows in the rich low lands, where 
it becomes the large!! tree of any of the Oaks in 
thofe countries. The wood is not of a fine grain, 
but is very ferviceable *, the bark is graydtnd fcaly ; 
the leaves are five or fix inches long, and two inches 
and a half broad in the middle, indented on the 
edges, and have many tranfverfe veins running from 
the midrib to the borders ; they are of a bright green, 
and lb nearly refemble thofe of the CheHnut-tree, as. 
fcarcely to be diHinguiihed from it. The Acorns of 
this fort are very large, and their cups are ihort. The 
leaves of the other variety are not fo large, nor fo 
Hrongly veined, and the Acorns are fmaller and a little 
longer, which may arifefrom the foil. 
The tenth fort grows naturally on poor land in molt 
parts of North America, where it never grows to a 
.large fize, and the wood is of little value. °The bark 
is of a dark brown colour •, the leaves are very broad 
at the top, where they have two waved indentures, 
which divide them almoH into three lobes ; they di- 
minifh gradually to their bafe, where they are narrow ; 
they are fmooth, of a lucid green, and have ihort 
foot-Halks. The Acorns are fmaller than thofe of the 
common Oak, and have Ihort cups. 
The eleventh fort grows riaturally in North America, 
where the wood is efteemed preferable to any of their 
other forts for building, being much more durable 
than any of them. The bark of this tree is grayiftp 
the leaves are of a light green fix or feven inches long,; 
and four broad in the middle ; they are regularly in- 
dented almoH to the midrib ; the indentures are ob- 
tufe, and have Ihort foot-Halks. The Acorns of this 
greatly refemble thofe of the common Oak. 
The twelfth fort grows naturally in North America, 
where they diftinguilh two forts ; one of them is call- 
ed the Highland Willow Oak, which grows upon, 
poor dry land the leaves are of a pale green and en- 
tire, lhaped like thofe of the V/illow-tree. The Acorns 
are very fmall, but have pretty large cups. 
The other grows in low moift land, and rifes to a 
much greater height ; the leaves are longer and nar- 
n G rower* 
509 
