R I V 
the buds begin to ftir •, but afterwards the glaffes 
ihould be kept conftantly over them, till the influence 
of the fun is fomething confiderable. 
But the doors which are at each end of the frame, 
ihould imthe mean time be fet open, when the wind 
does not blow too fharp, and the fun iliines warm •, 
and if this does not happen in the fpace of a fort- 
night, then the doors at both ends may be opened, 
and mats of bafs or canvas ihould be hung up over 
the door-ways to correct the winds, and give the air 
leave to circulate in the frames. 
As for Cherries about two changes of dung will be 
fufficient to bring them to a due ripenefs in April, 
fuppofing each parcel remains fix weeks at the back 
of the wall. 
But as for Apricots, Grapes, Nectarines, Peaches, 
and Plums, if April proves cold, the forcing heat 
rauft be continued till May is fettled ; but fome of 
the glaffes ihould be opened in the morning in March 
hnd April, when the wind is Hill, and the fun warm •, 
and they ihould be permitted to receive the ihowers 
that fall, while the fruit is growing ; but while they 
are in bloffom, no rain ihould come near them, be- 
caufe, if there ihould be any moifture lodged in the 
bofom of the flowers, and the fun ihould ihine hot 
through the glaffes, it would be apt to deitroy them. 
The dung that comes from thefe frames, having loft 
its heat, may be laid in heaps to rot, for the melio- 
rating of ftubborn grounds ; or if it is thrown in 
heaps and mixed with new dung, it will ferment 
again, and may be ufed for hot-beds. 
Another thing which ought to be obferved in plant- 
ing fruit, in thefe frames is, to plant thofe fruits which 
come forward together, and thofe which come late by 
themfelveSjbecaufe it will be prejudicial to the forward 
fruit, to give them any more heat when they have 
done bearing, when at the fame time the later fruits 
fet amongft them may require more heat, and to be 
continued longer, fome of them perhaps requiring 
an artificial heat till May. 
There may alfo a row or two of Scarlet Strawberries 
be planted near to the back of this frame, and thefe 
you may expeCt will be ripe by the end of March, or 
beginning of April. 
As for the Vines, they may probably be brought to 
bloffom in April, and have ripe Grapes in June. 
There may alfo be here and there planted a monthly 
Role-tree, and Hyacinths, Jonquils, Narciffufes, Po- 
lyanthui'es j alfo early Tulips might be placed in the 
borders. 
The method of forcing fruit-trees by the help of fire- 
walls, is fully treated under the article Walls. 
R I V I N I A. Plum. Nov. Gen. 48. tab. 39. 
The Characters are. 
The empalement of the flower is permanent , and is com- 
pofed of four oval , concave , coloured leaves. The flower 
has no petals ■, it has eight ftamina which are longer than 
the empalement , terminated by j mall oval fummits , and a 
large roundi/h germen fupporting a Jhort ftyle , crowned by 
an cbtufe ftigma. The germen afterward turns to a round- 
flj berry fitting in the empalement, including one hard 
feed. 
The title of this genus was given to it by Father Plu- 
mier, who difcovered thefe plants in America, in ho- 
nour of Auguftus Quirinus Rivinus, a famous bota- 
nift of Leipfick, who publifhed two volumes of plants 
in folio, in which the figures of the plants are en- 
graven 1 on copper plates. Thefe were publifhed in 
1690. 
Dr. Linnaeus has applied the title of this genus to 
the Solanoides of Tournefort, which is totally diffe- 
rent from Plumier’s plants ; and the DoCtor has 
• charged Father Plunder with an error in the engraving 
of the characters of this genus, with eight ftamina in- 
ftead of four, whereas Plumier’s plants have eight 
ftamina ; but the plant which the DoCtor has ap- 
plied to this title has but four, therefore the miftake 
is the Doctor’s and not Father Plumier’s. 
The Species are, 
1. Rivinia ( Humilis ) foliis lanceolatis petiolatis inte- 
R IV 
gerrimis, caule fruticofo ramofo. Rivinia with fpear- 
floaped entire leaves having foot-ftalks , and a jhrubby 
branching ftalk . Rivinia humilis racemola, baccis 
puniceis. Plum. Nov. Gen. 48. Dwarf branching Ri- 
vinia with flcarlet-coloured berries , fometimes called Cur- 
rant-tree. 
2. Rivinia ( Scandens ) fcandens racemofa, amplis fo- 
lani foliis baccis violaceis. Plum. Nov. Gen. 48. 
Climbing branching Rivinia , with Nigh tflja.de leaves and 
Violet-coloured berries , commonly called Roopwith in the 
Weft-Indies. 
The firft fort rifes with fhrubby {talks about fix or 
eight feet high, dividing into feveral fpreacling 
branches, covered with a gray fpotted bark, garnifhed 
with fpear-fliaped entire leaves, {landing upon long 
{lender foot-ftalks ; thefe are two inches and a half 
long, and one broad in the middle, drawing to a point 
at each end ; they are fmooth, of a lucid green, and 
pretty thick confiftence. Handing alternate, at pretty 
great diftances on the branches. The flowers are pro- 
duced in long bunches from the fide and at the end 
of the branches, each Handing upon a {lender foot- 
ftalk near half an inch long ; they have no petals, but 
their empalements are of a fcarlet colour ; within 
thefe are fituated eight ftamina which are longer than 
the empalement, terminated by fmall oval fummits ; 
in the center is fituated a roundifh germen, termi- 
nating in a point, fupporting aftiort ftyle. The ger- 
men turns to a roundifh berry with a thin pulp, fur- 
rounding one roundifh hard feed ; thefe berries are of 
a fcarlet colour when ripe, and afterward change to 
a purple ; they are by the inhabitants called Currants, 
but are generally efteemed poifonous. 
The fecond fort rifes with a climbing woody ftalk to 
the height of twenty feet, covered with a dark gray 
bark, and is garnifhed with oval fpear-fhaped leaves 
near three inches long, and an inch and a half broad, 
{landing upon fhort foot-ftalks ; they are fmooth and 
entire. The flowers come out in long bunches from 
the fide of the branches, and are fliaped like thofe of 
the other, and are fucceeded by blue berries about the 
fame fize as thofe of the former. This fort grows na- 
turally in Antigua, from whence I have received the 
feeds ; it was alfo found growing at the Havannah, 
by the late Dr. Houftoun, who found the firft grow- 
ing in Jamaica. 
They are both propagated by feeds, which remain 
long in the ground before they vegetate \ I have had 
them lie two years before the plants have appeared, 
but they never rife the fame year the feeds are fown. 
Thefe berries muft be procured from the countries 
where they naturally grow, and when they arrive, 
ftiould be fown in pots filled with frefh earth, and 
plunged into a moderate hot-bed. If this happens 
late in the autumn or winter, the pots muft be 
plunged into the tan-bed of the Hove ; but if in the 
fpring, they may be plunged in a common hot-bed 
under a frame. The earth muft be moiftened frequent- 
ly in fummer, to promote the vegetation of the feeds, 
but as they will not come up the fame year, fo the pots 
Ihould be removed into the ftove before winter, and 
plunged into the tan-bed ; during the winter feafon, 
the earth muft be fometimes refrefhed, but muft not 
be too moift. In the fpring the pots may be taken 
out of the ftove, and plunged into a frefh hot-bed to 
bring up the plants but if they fhould not then rife, 
the earth muft not be difturbed, becaufe the plants 
may come up the following feafon. 
When the plants come up and are fit to remove, 
they fhould be each tranfplanted into a feparate fmall 
pot, filled with light loamy earth, and plunged into a 
hot-bed, obferving to fhade them from the fun till 
they have taken new root ; after which they muft be 
treated in the fame way as other plants from the fame 
countries. 
Thefe plants are tender, fo cannot be preferved in 
this country, unlefs they are kept in a warm ftove, 
efpecially while they are young ; but when they have 
obtained ftrength, they will live in a moderate warmth 
in winter, and in fummer they may be removed into 
/ 
