/ 
ROS 
but where this is defigned, it muft be obferved to bud 
only fuch forts upon the iame ftock as are nearly equal 
in their manner of growth •, for if there be a bud of 
a vigorous growing fort, and others of weak growth 
budded in the iame ftock, the ftrong one will draw 
all the nourilhment from the weaker, and entirely ' 
ftarve them. 
If thefe plants are propagated by fuckers, they ihould 
be taken off annually in October, and traniplanted 
out either into a nurfery in rows (as hath been di- 
rected for feveral other forts of flowering-ihrubs) or 
into the places where they are to remain ; for if they 
are permitted to ftand upon the roots of the old 
plants more than one year, they grow woody, and do 
not form fo good roots as if planted out the firft year, 
fo there is more danger of their not fucceeding. 
But the belt method to obtain good-rooted plants is 
to lay down the young branches in autumn, which 
will take good root by the autumn following (efpeci- 
ally if they are watered in very dry weather,) when 
they may be taken from the old plants, and tranf- 
planted where they are to remain. The plants, which 
are propagated by layers, are not fo apt to fend out 
fuckers from their roots as thole which are from 
fuckers, therefore Should be preferred before them •, 
becaufe they may be much eafier kept within compafs, 
and thefe will alfo flower much ftronger. Thefe plants 
may be tranfplanted any time from October to April •, 
but when they are defigned to flower ftrong the firft 
year after planting, they Ihould be planted early ; 
though, as I laid before, if they are planted late in 
the fpring, it will caufe them to flower in autumn, 
provided they do not fuffer by drought. 
Molt of thefe forts delight in a rich moift foil and an 
open fituation, in which they will produce a greater 
quantity of flowers, and thofe much fairer, than when 
they are upon a dry foil or in a fhady fituation. 
The pruning which they require, is only to cut out 
their dead wood, and take off all the fuckers, which 
fhould be done every autumn ; and if there are any 
very luxuriant branches, which draw the nourilhment 
from the other parts of the plant, they fhould be taken 
out, or fliortened, to caufe them to produce more 
branches, if there be occaflon for them to fupply 
a vacancy •, but you muft avoid crowding them with 
branches, which is as injurious to thefe plants as to 
fruit-trees ; for, if the branches have not equal be- 
nefit from the fun and air, they will not produce their 
flowers fo ftrong, nor in fo great plenty, as when 
they are more open, and better expofed to the fun, 
fo that the air may circulate the more freely between 
them. 
ROSA SINENSIS. See Hibiscus. 
ROSE THE GUELDER. See Opulus. 
ROSMARINUS. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 195. tab. 92. 
Lin. Gen. Plant. 35. [fo called of Ros, Dew, and 
Marinus, Lat. belonging to the fea, q. d. Sea Dew, 
as fome fay, becaufe formerly growing in great plenty 
near the fhore of the Mediterranean Sea *, the vapours 
thence arifing, ufed to fall on it in the manner of Dew.] 
Rofemary. 
The Characters are, 
The flower has a tubulous empalement of one leaf. com- 
preffed at the top , the mouth erect, and divided into two 
lips \ the upper lip is entire , and the under bifid. It 
hath one petal ; the tube is longer than the empalement 
the brim is ringent •, the upper lip is floor t, ere It, and 
divided into two parts , whofc borders are reflexed the 
lower lip is reflexed , and cut into three parts , the middle 
fegment being larger and concave. It hath two awl-floaped 
ftamina inclining toward the upper lip , terminated by 
fingle fummits , and a four-pointed germen , with a ftyle 
the /hope, length , and in the flame fituation with the fta- 
mina , crowned by an acute ftigma . The germen after- 
ward become four oval feeds fitting in the bottom of the 
empalement. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fection of 
Linnaeus’s fecond clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whofe flowers have two ftamina and one ftyle ; fo 
that this genus, by his fyftem, with fix or feven more, 
ROS 
are lemoved to a great chftance froth their conge- 
ners, which are ranged in his fourteenth clafs. 
The Species are, 
1. Rosmarinus ( Anguftifolia ) foiiis linearibus margini- 
bus reflexis, fubtus incanis. Rofemary with linear leaves 
which are reflexed on their cages, and hoary on their un- 
der fide . Rofmarinus hortenfis, anguftiore folio. C. 
B. P. 217. Garden Rofemary with a narrower leaf. 
2. Rosmarinus ( Latifolia ) foiiis linearibus obtufis, utrin- 
que virentibus. Rofemary with obtufe linear leaves which 
are green on both Jides. Rofmarinus fpontaneus latiore 
folio. C. B. P. 217. Broad-leaved wild Rofemary. 
Thefe two forts have been frequently fuppoied the 
fame, and the difference accidental ; but I have long 
cultivated both, and have raifed them from leeds 
without finding them vary, fo I believe they are dif- 
tinft fpecies. The leaves of the fecond fort are broader 
than thofe of the firft, and their points are obtufe ; 
the flowers are alfo much larger, and of a deeper co- 
lour, and the ftalks grow larger, and fpread out their 
branches wider, and the whole plant has a ftronger 
feent. Thefe differences the gardeners, who culti- 
vate the plants for the market, obferve. 
There are two other varieties of thefe plants, one of 
the firft fort with ftriped leaves, which the gardeners 
call the Silver Rofemary, and is at prefent rare in the 
Englifh gardens ; all the plants of this which were 
here before the fevere winter in 1740, having been 
then killed ; the other is of the fecond fort, which is 
ftriped with yellow; this the gardeners called the Gold 
ftriped Rofemary. The plants of this fo t ..re pretty 
hardy, fo will live in the open air through our com- 
mon winters if they are upon a dry foil. 
Thefe plants grow plentifully in the fouthern parts of 
France, in Spain and Italy, where, upon dry rocky 
foils near the fea, they thrive prodigioufly, and per- 
fume the air, fo as to be fmelt at a great diftance 
from the land ; but, notwithftanding they are pro- 
duced in warm countries, yet they are hardy enough 
to bear the cold of our ordinary winters very well 
in the open air, provided they are planted upon 
a poor, dry, gravelly foil, on which they will en- 
dure the cold much better than upon a richer foil, 
where the plants will grow more vigoroufly in fummer, 
and fo be more fubjedt to injury from froft, and they 
will not have fo ftrong an aromatic feent as thofe upon 
a dry barren foil. 
Thofe forts with ftriped leaves are fomewhat t n er, 
efpecially that with filver ftripes, fo fhould either 
be planted near a warm wall, or in pots filled with 
light frefh earth, and fheltered in winter under a 
frame, otherwife they are fubject to die in frofty 
weather. 
Thefe forts may be propagated by planting flips or 
cuttings of them in the fpring of the year, juft before 
the plants begin to fhoot, upon a bed of light frefh 
earth ; and when they are rooted, they may be tranf- 
planted into the places where they are defigned to 
grow ; but it will be proper to do this about the be- 
ginning of September, that they may take new root 
before the frofty weather comes on for if they are 
planted too late in the autumn, they feldom live thro’ 
the winter, efpecially if the weather proves very cold ; 
fo that if you do not tranfplant them early, it will 
be the better method to let them remain unremoved 
until March following, when the froft is over, obferv- 
ing never to tranfplant them at a feaion when the dry 
eaft winds blow, but rather defer the doing of it un- 
til the feafon is more favourable ; for, if the/ are 
planted when there are cold drying winds, their leaves 
are apt to dry up, which often kills them ; but, if there 
happen to be fome warm fhowers foon after they are 
removed, it will caufe them to take root immediately, 
fo that they will require no farther care but t;o keep 
them clear from weeds. 
Although thefe plants are tender when planted in a 
garden, yet when they are by accident rooted in a 
wall (as I have feveral times foen them,) they will 
endure the greateft cold of cur winters, though ex- 
pofed much to the cold winds ; which is occasioned by 
4 the 
