SALVIA. Tourn. Inft. R. rf.^iSo. tab. 83. Lin. 
Gen. Plant. 36. [lb called from falvus, or falus vit$, 
i. e. the health of life.] Sage ; in French, Sauge. 
The Characters are, 
5 'be. empalement of the flower is tubulous , of one leaf , 
Jlriated , and large at the mouth , where it is cut into 
four farts. The flower is of the lip kind , of one petal ; 
the lower part is tubulous , the upper is large and com- 
preffed ; the upper lip is concave , incurved , and indented 
at the point % the lower lip is broad and trifid , the mid- 
dle fegrnent being large , romdifh , indented. It has two 
fhort Jlamina which J, land tranfuerfe to the lip , and are 
fixed in the middle to the tube , whofe tops are fixed 
glands , th§ upper fide of which fit the Jummits ; it 
has a four-pointed germen fupporting a long /lender fly le, 
fiituated between the ftamina, crowned by ’ a bifid jligma. 
The germen afterward becomes four roundijh feeds which 
ripen in the empalement. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fehlion of 
Linnaeus’s fecond clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whofe flowers have two ftamina and one ftyle. To 
this genus he has added the Horminum and Sclarea 
of Tournefort, which, according to his fyftem, may 
be joined together ; but as there is a difference in 
the lips of the* flowers, I have chofen to keep the three 
genera diflinft, becaufe they have always been known 
by their different titles both in the gardens and {hops. 
The Species are, 
1. Salvia ( Ofjicinalis ) foliis lanceolatis-ovatis integris 
erenulatis, floribus verticillato-lpicatis. Sage with 
fpear-Jhaped , oval entire leaves , which are /lightly cre- 
nated on their edges , and flowers growing in whorled 
fpikes. Salvia major. C, B. P. The greater Sage. 
2. Salvia ( Tomentofa ) foliis infimis cordatis, fummis 
oblongo-ovatis ferratis tomentofls, floribus verticillato- 
lpicatis. Sage with beart-fhaped lower leaves , the upper 
are oblong , oval flawed , and woolly , and flowers grow- 
ing in whorled fpikes. Salvia latifolia ferrata. C. B. P. 
237. Broad leaved flawed Sage. 
3. Salvia ( Auriculata ) foliis lanceolatis fepius articu- 
latis fubtus tomentofis, floribus fpicato-verticillatis, 
calycibus ventricofis. Sage with fpear-Jhaped leaves 
which are frequently eared , and woolly on their under fide, 
flowers growing in whorled fpikes , and bellied empale- 
ment s. Salvia minor aurita & non aurita. C. B. P. 
237. Smaller Sage with leaves earlefs and eared , commonly 
called Sage of Virtue. 
.4. Salvia ( Hifipanica ) foliis lineari-lanceolat’is integer- 
rimis tomentofis, floribus fpicatis calycibus breviffi- 
mis ventricofis acutis. Sage with linear , fpear-Jhaped , 
woolly , entire leaves , /piked flowers , and the fhort eft bel- 
lied empalements ending in acute points. Salvia Hifpa- 
nica Lavenduke folio. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 181. Spa- 
nifh Sage with a Lavender leaf. 
5. Salvia ( Fruticofa ) foliis infimis pinnatis, fummis 
ternatis rugofis, floribus fpicatis, caule fruticofo to- 
mentofa. Sage with winged lower leaves , the upper ones 
trifoliate and rough , flowers growing in fpikes , and a 
fhrubby woolly ftalk. Salvia orientalis Abfmthium redo- 
lens, foliis pinnatis, flore carneo elatior. Sherard. 
Act. Phil. Lond. 383. Taller Eaftern Sage with a 
Wormwood flmell , winged leaves , and a fle/h- coloured flower. 
6 . - Salvia ( Pomifera ) foliis lanceolato-ovatis integris 
' erenulatis, floribus fpicatis, calycibus obtufis. Hort. 
Cliff. 12. Sage with fpear-Jhaped , oval , entire leaves 
which are j lightly crenated , flpiked flowers , and blunt em- 
palements , Salvia Cretica frutefeens pomifera, foliis 
lengioribus incanis & crifpis. Tourn. Cor. 10. Shrubby 
Apple-bearing Sage of Crete, with longer , hoary , and curled 
leaves. 
y. Salvia {Pinna to) foliis compofitis pinnatis. Hort. 
Cliff. 13. Sage with compound winged leaves. Salvia 
orientalis, latifolia, hirfutiffima, vifeofa, pinnata, 
flore & calyce purpureis inodora. Boerh. Ind. alt. 1. 
p. 1 67. Eaftern, broad-leaved , hairy, unflavoury Sage, 
with clammy winged leaves, and the flowers and empale- 
ments purple. 
S. Salvia ( Orientalis ) foliis infimis pinnatis, fummis 
flmplicihus crenatis, floribus verticillatis caulibus pro- 
curnbentibus hirfudffimis. Sage with winged lower 
leaves, the upper ones Jingle and crenated, flowers grow 
ingin whorls, and the mofi hairy trailing ftalks. Salvia 
orientalis, latifolia, Abfmthium redolens, flore carneo 
magno. Boerh. Ind. alt. 1. p. 167. Eaftern , broad- 
leaved, Wormwood Sage, with a large fle/h -coloured flower . 
9. Salvia ( Dominica ) foliis cordatis obtufis crenatis 
fubtomentofis, corollis calyce anguftioribus. Lin. Sp. 
Plant. 25. Sage with heart-fhap'ed, blunt, crenated leaves 
which are [omewhat woolly, and the petals narrower Than 
the empalement. Velezia Monier. The Velezia of Dr . 
Monier. 
10. Salvia {Aureal) foliis fubrotundis integerrimis, baft 
truncatis dentatis. Hort. Cliff. 13. Sage with roundijh 
entire leaves which are torn , and indented at their bafe. 
Salvia Africana frutefeens, folio fubrotundo glauco, 
flore magno aureo. Hort. Amft. 2. p. 183. Shrubby 
African Sage with a roundijh gray leaf , and a large golden 
flower, 
11. Salvia ( Africana ) foliis fubrotundis ferratis, baft 
truncatis dentatis. Hort. Cliff. 13. Sage with roundijh 
flawed leaves which are torn, and indented at their bafe. 
Salvia Africana frutefeens, folio fcorodonite, flore 
violaceo. Hort. Amft. 2. p. 18. Shrubby African Sage, 
with a W : wd Sage leaf and a Violet flower. 
12. Salvia {Iniegerrima) foliis oblongo-ovatis integer- 
rimis, calycibus patulis coloratis. Tab. 225. fig. 2. 
Sage with oblong , oval, entire leaves , and ftp reading co- 
loured empalements. 
The firft fort is the common large Sage which is 
cultivated in gardens, of which there are the follow- 
ing varieties : 1. The common green Sage. 2. The 
Wormwood Sage. 3. The green Sage with a varie- 
gated leaf. 4. The red Sage. 5. The red Sage with a 
variegated leaf •, thefe are accidental variations, and 
therefore are not enumerated as fpecies. The common 
Sage grows naturally in the fouthern parts of Europe, 
but is here cultivated in gardens for ufe ; but that va- 
riety with red or blackifh leaves is the moft common 
in the Engiifh gardens, and the Wormwood Sage is 
in greater plenty here than the common green-leaved 
Sage, which is but in few gardens. The common 
Sage is fo well known as to require no defeription. 
The fecond fort is generally titled balfamic Sage by 
the gardeners. The ftalks of this do not grow fo 
upright as thofe of the common Sage ; they are very 
hairy, and divide into feveral branches, which are gar- 
nifhed with broad, heart- fhaped, woolly leaves, {landing 
upon long foot-ftalks •, they are fawed on their edges, 
and their upper furfaces are rough ; the leaves, which 
are upon the flower-ftalks, are oblong and oval. 
Handing upon fhorter foot-ftalks, and are very (lightly 
fawed on their edges •, the flowers grow in whorled 
fpikes toward the top of the branches ; the whorls 
are pretty far diftant, and but few flowers in each ; 
they are of a pale blue, and about the fize of thofe 
of the common fort. It flowers in June, and in good 
feafons the feeds ripen in autumn. This Sage is pre- 
ferred to all the others for making tea. 
The third fort is the common Sage of Virtue, which 
is alfo well known in the gardens and markets. The 
leaves of this are narrower than thofe of the com- 
mon fort; they are hoary, and fome of them are in- 
dented on their edges toward the bafe, which inden- 
tures have the appearance of ears. The fpikes of flowers 
are longer than thofe of the two former forts, and 
the whorls are generally naked, having no leaves be- 
tween them. The flowers are fmaller, and of a deep= 
er blue than thofe of the common red Sage. 
The fourth fort grows naturally in Spain. The leaves 
of this are very narrow and entire, (landing in cluf- 
ters on the fide of the ftalks ; they are very hoary, 
and the branches are covered with a hoary down ; the 
leaves on the upper part of the ftalk are narrower than; 
thofe of Rofemary ; the flowers grow in clofer fpikes 
than either of the former, and are of a light blue 
colour. 
The fifth fort grows naturally about Smyrna, from 
whence the late Dr. William Sherard lent the feeds, 
which fucceeded in the Chelfea Garden. This riles 
with a fhrubby ftalk four orfive feet high, and divides 
into 
