SAN 
S A 
The Species are, 
1. Santolina {Chamacypariffus) pedunculis unifloris, 
foliis quadrifariam dentatis. Hort. Cliff. 397. Laven- 
der-cotton with one flower upon a foot-ftaik , and leaves 
indented four ways. Santolina foliis teretibus. Tourn. 
Inft. 460. Common Lavender-cotton. 
2. Santolina ( Villofa ) pedunculis unifloris, calycibus 
globofis, foliis quadrifariam dentatis tomentofis. La- 
vender-cotton zvith one flower upon a foot-ftalk , globular em- 
palements , and woolly leaves which are indented four ways. 
Santolina flore majore, foliis villofis & incanis. Tourn. 
Inft. 460. Lavender-cotton with a larger flower and 
hoary leaves. 
3. Santolina ( 'Decumbent ) pedunculis unifloris, cauli- 
bus decumbentibus, foliis linearibus quadrifariam 
dentatis. Lavender-cotton with one flower upon a foot- 
ftalk, declining foot-ftalks, and linear leaves which are 
four ways indented. Santolina repens & canefcens. 
Tourn. Inft. 460. Creeping hoary Lavender-cotton. 
4. Santolina ( Virens ) pedunculis unifloris, foliis line- 
aribus iongiftimis bifariam dentatis. Lavender-cotton 
zvith one flower upon a foot-ftalk , and very long linear 
leaves which are two ways indented. Santolina foliis 
obfcure virentibus, flore aureo. Tourn. Inft. 461. 
Lavender- cotton zvith dark green leaves , and golden 
flowers. 
5. Santolina ( Rofmarinifolia) pedunculis unifloris, ca- 
pitulis globofis, foliis linearibus integerrimis. La- 
vender-cotton with] one flower upon a foot-ftalk , globular 
heads , and linear entire leaves. Santolina foliis rorif- 
marini major. Tourn. Inft. 491. Great Lavender- 
cotton with Rofemary leaves. 
6 . Santolina {Minor) pedunculis unifloris, foliis line- 
aribus confertis obtufis. Lavender-cotton with one flower 
upon a foot-ftalk^ and linear obtufe leaves growing in cluf- 
ters. Santolina foliis rorifmarini minor. Tourn. Inft. 
461. Smaller Lavender-cotton with Rofemary leaves . 
7. Santolina {Chamamelifolia) pedunculis unifloris, fo- 
liis longioribus tomentofis, duplicato dentatis. La- 
vender-' otton with one flower up cm a foot-ftalk , and longer 
woolly leaves which are twice indented. Santolina incana 
chamtemeli odore l'uaviore. Boerh. Ind. alt. 123, 
Hoary Lavender-cotton with a foft Chamomile fcent. 
The firft fort is the common Lavender-cotton which 
has been long known in the Englifh gardens ; it was 
formerly titled Abrotanum fsmina, or Female South- 
ernwood, and by the corruption of words was called 
Brotany by the market-people ; it grows naturally in 
Spain, Italy, and the warm parts of Europe. This hath 
a flirubby ftalk dividing into many ligneous branches, 
which are garnilhed with (lender hoary leaves, that 
are four ways indented, and have a rank ftrong odour 
when handled. The branches divide toward the top 
into feveral {lender ftalks, whofe lower parts are gar- 
nifhed with a few fmall leaves of the fame fhape as 
the other, but are naked above, and terminated by a 
Angle flower, compofed of many hermaphrodite florets 
which are fiftular, and cut into five parts at the top 
they are of a fulphur colour, and are included in one 
common fcaly empalement, and have no borders or 
rays. Thefe appear in July, and are fucceeded by 
fmall, oblong, ftriated feeds, which are feparated by 
fcaly chaff, and ripen in the empalement •, thefe will 
rife near three feet high in a dry foil and a fheltered 
fituation. The leaves, and fometimes the flowers, are 
ufed in medicine, and are reputed good to deftroy 
worms •, it is fometimes called Charnsecypariffus, or 
Dwarf Cyprefs. 
The fecond fort has a flirubby ftalk which branches 
out like the former, but the plants feldom grow fo tall. 
The branches are divided into a great number of 
ftalks, which are fiiort, hoary, and garnifiied very 
clofely below with leaves fnapecl like thofe of the other 
fort, but are fliorter, thicker, and whiter ; the flowers 
are much larger, and the brims of the florets are more 
reflexed ; they are of a' deeper fulphur colour than 
the other, but appear at the lame time. It grows na- 
turally in Spain. 
The third lore is of lower ftature than either of the 
inches high. The branches fpread horizontally near 
the ground, and are garniflied with iliorter leaves 
than either of the former ; thefe are hoary, and finely 
indented ; the ftalks are fhort, and are terminated by 
Angle flowers of a bright yellow colour, which are 
larger than thofe of the firft fort. 
The fourth fort rifes higher than either of the former. 
The branches are difpofed loofer, and are more dif- 
fufed ; they are (lender, fmooth, and garnilhed with 
very narrow long leaves* wdiich are of a deep green 
colour, and but two ways indented ^ the ftalks are 
(lender, naked toward the top, and terminated by 
Angle flowers of a gold colour, which appear at the 
fame time with the former. 
The fifth fort hath flirubby ftalks which rife about 
three feet high, fending out long (lender branches, 
which are garniflied with Angle linear leaves about an 
inch and a half long, of a pale green colour, and en- 
£> 
but the 
garniflied 
5 they 
are 
former, feldom rifing more than fifteen or fixteen 
tire. The ftalks are terminated by large, Angle, glo- 
bular flowers, of a pale fulphur colour, which appear 
about the lame time as the former. 
The fixthTort is fomewhat like the fifth 
branches are fliorter, thicker, and defer 
with leaves, which come out in c’iufters 
fliorter, and have blunt points. The flower-ftalks 
are fparfedly difpofed, and have leaves to their top 5 
the flowers are fmall, and of a yellow colour. 
The feventh fort hath flirubby ftalks which rife near 
three feet high, and divide into many branches which 
are hoary, and garniflied with broader leaves than ei- 
ther of the former, whofe indentures are loofer, but 
double ; they are hoary, and when bruifed have an 
odour like Chamomile. The leaves are placed pretty 
far afunder, and the ftalks are garniflied with them to 
the top. The ftalks are divided like wife at the top 
into two or three foot-ftalks, each fuftaining one pretty 
large fulphur-coloured flower. 
The firft of thefe plants is cultivated in gardens for 
medicinal ufe, and the fix next are propagated by 
the gardeners near London for furnifhing balconies* 
and other little places in and near the city, by way of 
ornament. Thefe feven forts are hardy plants, which 
will thrive in the open air, provided they are planted 
in a poor dry foil, for in fuch ground the plants will 
be ftinted, fo will be hardy and better able to refifl: the 
cold ; and they will have a better appearance than 
thofe which are in rich ground, whole branches will 
be long and diffufed, fo by hard rains or ftrong winds 
are diiplaced, and fometimes broken down ; whereas, 
in poor land, they will grow compaiSt, and the plants 
will continue much longer. 
Thefe plants may be cultivated fo as to become or- 
naments to a garden, particularly in fmall bofquets 
of evergreen flirubs, where, if they are artfully inter- 
mixed with other plants of the fame growth, and 
placed in the front line, they will make an agreeable 
variety, efpecially if care be taken to trim them twice 
in a fu miner to keep them within bounds, otherwife 
their branches are apt to ftraggle, and in wet wea- 
ther to be borne down and diiplaced, which renders 
them unfightly ; but, when they are kept in order, 
their hoary and different- coloured leaves will have a 
pretty eftedl: in fuch plantations. 
Thefe plants may be propagated by planting flips or 
cuttings of any of the kinds during the fpring, which 
fhould be put into a border of light frefh earth, and 
watered and fhaded in dry weather until they have 
taken root, after which they will require no farther 
care, but to keep them clear from weeds till autumn, 
when they fhould be carefully taken up, and tranf- 
planted where they are defigned to remain ; but if 
the ground is not ready by that time to receive them, 
it will be proper to let them remain in the border un- 
til fpring ; for if they are tranfplanted late in autumn, 
they are liable to be deftroyed by cold in winter. 
SANTOLINA. See Athanasia and Tanacetum.- 
SAP: the notion of the Sap’s circulation was enter- 
tained by feveral authors much about the fame time* 
without any communication from one another, par- 
ticularly M. Major, a phyfician of Hamburgh, M. Per- 
1 1 X rank 
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