SAT 
ked foot-ftalk about a foot high, fu flaming one nod- 
ding flower at the top, which has a double empale- 
ment ; the outer one is of one leaf, divided into five 
parts to the bottom, where they are conneded to the 
foot-ftalks ; thefe fegments are obtufe and bent over 
the flower, fo as to cover the infide of it ; they are of 
a purple colour on the outfide, but green within, 
having purple edges ; the inner empalement, which is 
compofed of three green leaves, falls off ; within thefe 
are five oval petals of a purple colour, which are hol- 
lowed like afpoon •, thefe cover theitamina and fum- 
mits, with part of the ftigma alfo. In the center is 
fituated a large, roundifh, channelled germen, fup- 
porting a fhort flyle, crowned by a very broad five- 
cornered ftigma, faftened in the middle to the ftyle, 
and covering the ftamina like a target ; this is green, 
and the five corners which are ftretched out beyond 
the brim are each cut into two points, and are pur- 
plifh. Round the germen are fituated a great num- 
ber of fhort ftamina, joining the fides of the germen 
clofely, which are terminated by target-fhaped furrow- 
ed fummits, of a pale fulphur colour. When the flower 
decays, the germen fwells to a large roundifh capfule 
with five cells, covered by the permanent ftigma, and 
filled with fmall feeds. It flowers in June, and the 
feeds ripen in autumn. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in Carolina, upon 
bogs and in Handing fballow waters. The leaves of 
this fort grow near three feet high, being fmall at the 
bottom, but widening gradually to the top. Thefe 
are hollow, and are arched over at the mouth like a 
friar’s cowl. The flowers of this grow on naked pe- 
dicles, rifing from the root to the height of three 
feet ; thefe flowers are green. 
Thefe plants are efteemed for the Angular ftrudure of 
their leaves and flowers, which are lo different from 
all the known plants, as to have little refemblance of 
any yet difcovered; but there is fome difficulty in get- 
ting them to thrive in England, when they are obtain- 
ed from abroad ; for as they grow naturally on bogs, 
or in fhallow Handing waters, fo unlefs they are con- 
ftantly kept in wet, they will not thrive ; and although 
the winters are very fharp in the countries where the 
firft fort naturally grows, yet being covered with wa- 
ter and the remains of decayed plants, they are de- 
fended from froft. 
The belt method to obtain thefe plants is, to procure 
them from the places of their natural growth, and to 
have them taken up with large balls of earth to their 
roots, and planted in tubs of earth ; which muft be 
conftantly watered during their pafiage, otherwife 
they will decay before they arrive •, for there is little 
probability of raifing thefe plants from feeds, fo as to 
produce flowers in many years, if the feeds do grow 5 
jb that young plants fhould be taken up to bring 
over, which are more likely to Hand here, than thofe 
which have flowered two or three times. When the 
plants are brought over, they fhould be planted into 
pretty large pots, which ffiould be filled with foft 
fpongy earth, mixed with rotten wood, Mofs, and 
turf, which is very like the natural foil in which they 
grow. Thefe pots fhould be put into tubs or large 
pans which will hold water, with which they muft be 
conftantly fupplied, and placed in a fhady fituation in 
fu miner •, but in the winter they muft be covered with 
Mofs, or flickered under a frame, otherwife they 
will not live in this country ; for as the plants muft be 
kept in pots, fo if thefe are expofed to the froft, it 
will loon penetrate through them, and greatly injure, 
if not deftroy the plants j but when they are placed 
under a common frame, where they may have the 
open air at all times in mild weather, and be flicker- 
ed from hard froft, the plants will thrive and flower 
very well. 
SASSAFRAS. See Laurus. 
SATUREJA. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 197. Thymbra. 
Tourn. Inft. 197. JLin. Gen. Plant. 626. [fo 'called, 
becaufe faid. to caufe a fatyriafmus, or priapifmus, 
this herb exciting greatly to venery.j Savory ; in 
French, Sarriette . 
SAT 
The Characters are. 
The flower hath an erect, tubulous , flriated , permanent 
empalement of one leaf indented at the brim in five 
points ; it hath one ringent petals whofe tube is cylindri- 
cal and fhorter than the empalement •, the chaps are Jingle, 
the upper lip ere hi and obtufe , having an acute indenture 
at the point. The under lip is fpreading , divided into 
three parts, which are nearly equal. It has four brijily 
ftamina, two of which are alniofl the length of the upper 
lip ; the other two are fhorter, terminated by fummits 
which touch each other, and a four-pointed germen ftp ~ 
porting a briftly ftyle , crowned by two brijily ftigrnas-i, 
The germen afterward become four feeds, which ripen in 
the empalement. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedion of 
Linnaeus’s fourteenth clafs, which contains thofe plants 
whofe flowers have two long and two fhorter ftamina, 
and the feeds are naked in the empalement. 
The Species are, 
1. Satureja ( Hortenfts ) pedunculis bifloris. Vir. Clift. 
87. Savory with two flowers upon each foot-ftalk. Sa- 
tureja fativa. J. B. 3. 272. Garden, or Summer Savory . 
2. Satureja ( Thymbra ) verticillis fubrotundis hifpidis* 
foliis oblongis acutis. Flor. Leyd. Prod. 324. Savory 
with whorled flowers, and oblong acute-pointed leaves . 
Thymbra legitima. Cluf. Plift. 1. p. 358. The true 
Thymbra. 
3. Satureja (. Montana ) pedunculis dichotomis lateralr- 
bus folitariis, foliis lineari-lanceolatis mucronatis. Lin, 
Sp. Plant. 568. Savory with Jingle diverging foot-flalks 
on the fides- of the branches , and linear fpear-Jhaped leaves . 
Satureja montana. C. B. P. 218. Mountain , or Winter 
Savory. 
4. Satureja ( Virginiana ) capitulis terminalibus, foliis 
lanceolatis. Lin. Sp. Plants 567. Savory with heads of 
flowers terminating the ftalks, and fpear-Jhaped leaves . 
Clinopodium pulegii angufto rigidoque folio, Virgi- 
nianum, flofculis in cymis difpofitis. Pluk. Aim. 1 io* 
tab. 54. fig. 2. Virginian Field Bafll with a ft iff, nar- 
row, Pennyroyal leaf, and flowers difpofed om the tops of 
the ftalks. 
5. Satureja ( Origanoides ) foliis ovatis ferratis, corym- 
bis terminalibus dichotomis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 568. Sa- 
vory with oval flawed leaves, and flowers growing in a 
divided corymbus , terminating the ftalks. Calamintha 
ereda, Virginiana, mucronato folio glabro. Mor. 
Hift. 3. p. 413. Upright Virginian Field Bafll, with a 
fmooth acute-pointed leaf. 
6. Satureja ( Juliana ) verticillis faftigiatis concatenatis 
foliis lineari-lanceolatis. Iftn. Sp. Plant. 567. Savory 
with bunched whorls of flowers , and linear fpear-Jhaped 
leaves. Thymbra fandi Juliani five fatureja verior. 
Lob. Icon. 245. §t. Julian’s Thymbra, or the true Sa- 
vory. 4 
7. Saturej4 ( Graca ) pedunculis corymbofis lateralibus 
geminis, bradeis calvce brevioribus, Lin. Sp. Plant. 
568. Savory with %orymbuJes of flowers upon foot-flalks, 
growing by pairs from the wings of the leaves , and bratlets 
Jhortcr than the empalement s'. Clinopodium Creticum.f 
Alp. Exot. 265. Cretan Field Bafll. 
8. Satureja ( Capitata ) floribus fpicatis, foliis carinatis, f 
pundatis ciliatis. Lin. Mat. Med. 283. Savory with 
fpiked flowers , and keel-Jhaped hairy leaves having fpots » 
Thymum legitimum. Cluf. Hift. 1. p. 375. The legi- 
timate Thyme. 
The firft fort is generally known in the gardens by 
the title of Summer Savory. This is an annual plant* 
which grows naturally in the fouth of France and in 
Italy, but it is cultivated in the Englilh gardens for 
the kitchen, and alfo for medicinal ufe. It rifes with, 
{lender ered ftalks about a foot high, fending out 
branches at each joint by pairs, which are garnilhed 
with leaves placed oppolite, which are about an inch 
long, and one eighth of an inch broad in the middle 5 
they are ftiff, a little hairy, and have an aromatic 
odour if rubbed. The flowers grow from the wings 
of the leaves toward the upper part of the branches, 
each foot-ftalk fuftaining two flowers, which are of 
the lip kind, having a fhort cylindrical tube; the 
upper lip is ered and indented at the point ; the lower 
556 
