S A U 
acuminato. A£t. Upfal. 1740. p. 19. Satyrium with 
handed bulbs. Unear leaves, the flowers oval , bending down- 
ward, and the neblarium undivided. Orchis palmata an- 
guftifolia Alpina, nigro flore. C. B. P. 86. Narrow- 
leavedhanded Orchis of the Alps, with a black flower. 
2. Satyrium ( Hirfimm ) bulbis indivifis, foliis lanceo- 
latis, neftarii labio trifido, intermedia lineari, obliqua 
prsemorfa. Ad. Upfal. 1740. tab. 18. Satyrium with 
an undivided bulb, fpear-Jhaped leaves , and the lip of the 
nedarium trifid, the middle fegment being linear and ob- 
liquely bitten. Orchis barbata foetida. J. B. P. 2. 
p. 756. The Lizard-flower, or Great Goat-ft ones. 
3. Satyrium ( Viride ) bulbis palmatis, foliis oblongis 
obtufis, nedarii labio lineari trifido, intermedia ob- 
foleta. Ad. Upfal. 1740. p. 18. Satyrium with handed 
bulbs, oblong blunt leaves, and the lip of the nedarium 
divided into three linear parts , the middle one being obfo- 
lete. Orchis palmata minor, flore luteo viridi. Raii 
Syn. 11. 239. Smaller handed Orchis with a green flower, 
by fome called the Frog Orchis. 
4. Satyrium (. Albidum ) bulbis fafciculatis*. foliis lan- 
ceolatis, nedarii labio trifido, acuto, intermedia ma- 
jore. Ad. Upfal. 1740. Satyrium with cluftered bulbs, 
fpear-Jhaped leaves, and the lip of the nedarium divided 
into three acute parts, the middle one being the largeft. 
Orchis palmata Alpina, -fpica denfa albo-viridi. Hal- 
ler. Helv. 68. Alpine handed Orchis , with a thick clofe 
fpike of whitijh green flowers. 
The firft fort grows naturally upon the Alps ; this 
has a broad, handed, bulbous root; the ftalk riles about 
nine inches high, and is garnifhed with very narrow 
leaves ; thofe on the lower part are about four inches 
long, but on the upper part they are fcarce one inch ; 
their bafe embraces the ftalk. The flowers grow in a 
thick Ihort fpike at the top, they are of a dark pur- 
ple colour ; the lip of the nedarium has three lobes, 
the middle one being the largeft. This flowers the 
beginning of June. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in feveral parts of 
England ; this has a folid bulbous root, which is not 
divided ; the ftalk is ftrong, and rifes fifteen inches 
high ; the lower part is garnifhed with leaves near 
five inches long and half an inch broad, which em- 
brace the ftalk with their bafe. The fpike of flowers 
which occupy the upper part of the ftalk, is fix inches 
in length ; the flowers are of a dirty white, with fome 
linear ftripes and fpots of a brown colour ; the beard 
or middle fegment of the lip of the nedarium is two 
inches long, and appears as if it was obliquely bitten 
off. It flowers the latter end of June. 
The third fort grows naturally on dry paftures, and 
upon chalk hills in feveral parts of England. This 
has a handed bulbous root ; the ftalk rifes near a foot 
high ; the lower part is garnifhed with leaves three 
inches long and half an inch broad, whofe bafes em- 
brace the ftalk. The flowers grow in a long flender 
fpike on the top of the ftalk ; the nedarium of this 
varies in colour, it is fometimes of a dufky purple, 
and at others of a yellowifh green colour. It flowers 
the latter end of May, or the beginning of June. 
The fourth fort grows near Verona, and upon the 
Alps. This hath feveral fmall bulbs which are joined 
together ; the ftalk rifes about eight inches high, the 
lower part is garnifhed with fpear-fhaped leaves about 
three inches long, which embrace the ftalk with their 
bafe. The flowers are colleded in a fhort thick fpike 
on the top of the ftalk, which are of an herbaceous 
white colour. This flowers in June. 
All thefe plants are difficult to propagate, fo the belt 
way to obtain them is to take up their roots at a pro- 
per feafon, and tranfplant them into the gardens, put- 
ting the feveral forts into different foils, as near to 
that in which they naturally grow as poffible, and to 
leave the ground undifturbed ; for if their roots are 
injured, the plants feldom thrive after. The ma- 
nagement of this plant being the fame as for the Or- 
chis, I ffiall not repeat it here. 
S A VINE. See Juniperus. 
S A V O R Y. See Satureja. 
SAURURUS. Lin. Gen. Plant. 414. Lizard’s-tail, 
SAX 
The Characters are. 
The flowers are difpofed into a kat'kin or tail ; they have 
an oblong permanent empalement of one leaf, coloured on 
the fide. They have no petal , but have fix long hair -like 
ftamina, placed three on each fide oppofite , terminated by 
oblong ered fummits , and an oval germen with three lobes 
having no fly le, but is crowned by three blunt per moment 
ftigmas. The germen afterward becomes an oval berry 
with one cell, inclofing one oval feed. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the third fedion of 
Linnmus’s feventh clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whofe flowers have feven ftamina, and three ftyles or 
ftigmas. 
We have but one Species of this genus at prefent 
in the Engliffi gardens, viz. 
Saururus ( Cernuus ) foliis cordatis petiolatis, amen- 
ds folitariis recurvis. Hort. Upfal. 91. Lizard’s - 
tail with heart-Jhaped leaves having foot-ftalks , and ftngle 
recurved fpikes of flowers. Serpentaria repens, flori- 
bus ftamineis fpicatis, bryonise nigrae folio ampliore 
pingui, Virginienfis. Pluk. Aim. 343. Creeping Snake- 
wort of Virginia, with fpiked flamineous flowers , and a 
large, fat , black, Briony leaf. 
This plant grows naturally in moft parts of North Ame- 
rica. The root is fibrous and perennial ; the ftalks ge- 
nerally trail upon the ground, fo feldom rife more than 
two feet high, having fome longitudinal furrows ; the 
leaves are heart-ffiaped and fmooth ; they are about 
three inches long, and two broad at their bafe, end- 
ing in cbtufe points, and have feveral longitudinal 
veins which join at the foot-ftalk, but diverge from 
the midrib toward the borders in the middle, and join 
again at the point ; thefe ftand upon foot-ftalks about 
an inch long, which are placed alternately on the 
ftalk. The fpike of flowers comes out from the 
wings of the leaves toward the top of the ftalk, which 
is taper, and about two inches long ; thefe appear 
in July, but make but little appearance, and are not 
fucceeded by feeds in England. The ftalk decays in 
autumn. 
This is preferved in botanic gardens for the fake of 
variety ; but, as it has no beauty, it is very rarely 
admitted into other gardens ; it is propagated by 
parting of the root, which may be performed either 
in autumn, foon after the ftalks decay, or in the 
fpring, before the roots begin to flioot ; it loves a 
moift foil and a fhady fituation. 
The other plants, which in the former editions of 
this work were placed in this genus, are now re- 
moved to the genus of Piper. 
SAXIFRAGA. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 252. tab. 129. 
Lin. Gen. Plant. 464. [fo called, q. faxa ftones, and 
frangens. Lot. breaking, becaufe, as Bauhinus fays, 
the juice of it being drank, breaks the ftone in the 
reins and bladder, but the truth of it is doubted. 
Others derive it from its growing on ftony moun- 
tains, as growing out of the clefts of the ftones.] 
Saxifrage. 
The Characters are. 
The flower hath a fhort, permanent, acute empalement of 
one leaf, cut into five fegments ; it has five plain petals, 
which are longer than the empalement, and ten awl-floaped 
fiamina, terminated by roundijh fummits, with a roundiflj 
acute-pointed germen fitting upon two flyles, crowned by ob 
tufe ftigmas. The germen afterward becomes an oval cap - 
fule with two horns opening between their tops , and filled 
with fmall feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fedtion of 
Linna2us’s tenth clafs, which contains thofe plants 
whofe flowers have ten ftamina and two ftyles. 
The Species are, 
1. Saxifraga ( Granulata ) foliis caulinis reniformibus 
lobatis, caule ramafo radice granulata. Hort. Cliff. 
167. Saxifrage with leaves upon the ftalks which are kid- 
ney -Jhaped, and have lobes, a branching ftalk , and roots 
like grains of Corn. Saxifraga rotundifolia, alba. C , 
B. P. 339. Round-leaved white Saxifrage. 
2. Saxifraga ( Cotyledon ) foliis radicatis aggregatis lin- 1 
gulatis cartilagineo-ferratis, caule paniculate. Lin. 
Sp. 570. Saxifrage with tongue-Jhaped leaves at the root 5 
which 
