,/ 
S C A 
tf leaves furrounding the receptacle on which they fit *, 
the inner are gradually [mailer. 'The flowers have a dou- 
ble empalement , and Jit upon the germen the outer is 
jhort , membranaceous , folded , and permanent the inner 
is divided into jive awl-jhaped capillary fegments. The 
florets have one ere Si tubulons petal , cut into four or five 
parts at the brim •, they have four weak , awl-jhaped , 
hair-like ftamina , terminated by oblong profir ate fummits. 
The germen is fituated under the receptacle of the florets , 
fuppcrting a fi nder fiyle , ' crowned by an obtufe ftigma , 
which is obliquely indented •, it afterward becomes an ob- 
long oval feed [fitting in the common empalement ,' and 
crowned by the cup of the flower. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedtion of 
Linnaeus’s fourth clafs, which contains thofe plants 
whole flowers have four ftamina and one ftyle. 
The Species are, 
1. Scabios a ( Arvenfi.s ) corollulis quadrifidis radiantibus, 
caule hifpido. Hort. Cliff. 3 1 . Scabious with quadrifid 
radiated florets , and a rough hairy ftalk. Scabiofa pra- 
tenfis hirfuta, que oflicinarum. C. B. P. 269. Hairy 
Meadow Scabious of the [loops. 
2. Scabios a ( Succifa ) corollulis quadrifidis sequalibus, 
caule fimplici, ramis approximatix, foliis lanceolato- 
ovatis. Hort. Cliff. 30. Scabious with quadrifid florets 
which are equals a Jingle ftalk , and branches growing 
near , with fpear-floaped oval leaves. Scabiofa integri- 
folia, glabra, radice prasmorsa. H L. B. Scabious with 
an entire flmooth leaf and a bitten root , called Devil 3 s-bit. 
3. Scabiosa ( Tranfylvanica ) corollulis quadrifidis asqua- 
libus fquamis calycinis ovatis obtufis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 
98. Scabious with quadrifid florets which are equal , and 
the flaks of the empalement oval and obtufe. Scabiofa 
altiffima annua, foliis agrimonke nonnihil fimilibus. 
H. L. B. Tallefl annual Scabious , with leaves not unlike 
Agrimony. 
4. Scabiosa ( Centauroidcs ) corollulis quadrifidis fiftu- 
lofis squalibus, fquamis calycinis acutis, caule pani- 
culato, foliis rigidis pinnatifidis. Scabious with quadri- 
fid jfiulous florets which are equal , acute J coles to the em- 
palement . , a paniculated ftalk , and ftijf wing-pointed leaves. 
Scabiofa annua fiftulofa, centauroides. H. Cath. An- 
nual jiflulous Scabious , refembling the greater Centaury. 
5. Scabiosa ( Montana ) corollulis quadrifidis asqualibus, 
ftaminibus longioribus, fquamis calycinis acutis, fo- 
liis radicalibus lanceolatis integerrimis caulinis divifis. 
Scabious with quadrifid equal florets , longer ftamina , acute 
flaks to the empalement , and the lower leaves fpear- 
floaped and entire , but thofe on the ftalks divided. Sca- 
biofa montana glabra, foliis fcabiofe vulgaris. C. B. 
P. 270. Smooth Mountain Scabious , with leaves like the 
common fort. 
6 . Scabiosa ( Altiffima ) corollulis quadrifidis radianti- 
bus caule hifpido, foliis lanceolatis pinnatifidis, foli- 
olis imbricatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 99. Scabious with ra- 
diated quadrifid florets , a rough hairy ftalk , and fpear- 
floaped wing-pointed leaves , with lobes Jet over each other 
in the manner of tiles. Scabiofa altiffima fegetum. 
Triumf Raii Hift. App. 236. The tallefl Corn Scabious. 
y. Scabiosa ( Rigida ) corollulis quadrifidis sequalibus, 
calycinis ovatis obtufis, foliis pinnatifidis. Scabious 
with equal quadrifid florets , neat, oval , obtufe empalements , 
and wing-pointed leaves. Scabiofa fruticans anguftifo- 
lia. C. B. P. 270. Narrow-leaved fhrubby Scabious. 
S. Scabiosa {Gramini folia) corollulis quinquefidis foliis 
lineari-lanceolatis, caule herbaceo. Lin. Sp. 145. Sca- 
bious with radiated quinquefid florets , linear leaves , and 
an herbaceous ftalk. Scabiofa argentea anguftifolia. 
C. B. P. 271. Silvery narrow-leaved Scabious. 
9, Scabiosa [Virga paftoris) corollulis quinquefidis aequa- 
libus, caule eredto hifpido, foliis lanceolatis denticu- 
latis hirfutis, femi-amplexicaulibus. Scabious with equal 
quinquefid florets , an erect ftalk which is rough and hairy , 
and fpear-floaped hairy leaves which are fomewhat in- 
dented . , and half embrace the ftalks. Scabiofa virgin 
paftoris folio. C. B. P. 270. Scabious with a Shepherd's 
Rod leaf. 
10. Scabiosa \Alpina) corollulis quadrifidis aequalibus 
floribns cernuis, foliis pinnatis foliolis lanceolatis ler- 
ratis. Hort. Cliff, 30. Scabious with radiated florets , 
S C A 
and winged flawed leaves. Scabiofa Alpina foliis cerk 
taurii majoris. C. B. P. 270. Alpine Scabious , with 
leaves like thofe of the greater Centaury. 
11. Scabiosa ( Cretica ) corollulis quinquefidis, foliis 
lanceolatis confertiffimis iutegerrimis, caule fuffruti- 
cofo. Scabious with radiated qumquefid florets, linear, 
fpear-floaped , entire leaves , and an under fhrub fcalk. 
Scabiofa frutefcens, foliis leucoii hortenfis. H. Cath. 
Shrubby Scabious with a Stock Gilliflower leaf. 
12. Scabiosa ( Frutefcens ) corollulis quinquefidis, foliis 
lanceolatis confertiffimis fubintegerrimis. Hort. Cliff. 
3 1 . Scabious with quinquefid florets , and fpear-floaped 
leaves in clufters , which are almoft: entire. Scabiofa ftel- 
lata, folio non diffedto. C. B. P. 271. Starry Scabious 
with an undivided leaf. 
13. Scabiosa ( Ocroleuco ) corollulis pinnatis radicali- 
bus bipinnatis petiolis perfoliatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 101. 
Scabious with radiated quinquefid florets , and linear dou- 
bly-winged leaves. Scabiofa mukifido folio, flore fia- 
vefcente. C. B. P. 270. Scabious with a many-pointed 
leaf and a yellowifh flovoer. 
14. Scabiosa ( Argentea ) corollulis quinquefidis, foliis 
pinnatis, laciniis lanceolatis, pedunculis nudis lievi- 
bus longiffirnis. Prod. Leyd. 190. Scabious with quin- 
quefid florets , winged leaves having fpear-floaped figments, 
and long , naked , fmooth foot-ftalks. Scabiofa Orienta- 
lis argentea, foliis inferioribus incifis. Tourn. Cor. 34. 
Silvery Eaftern Scabious , whofl lower leaves are cut. 
1 5. Scabiosa ( Alropurpurea ) corollulis quinquefidis, fo- 
liis diffedtis, receptaculis florum fubulatis. Hort. 
Cliff. 31. Scabious with Jive-pointed florets , cut leaves , 
and awl-fhaped receptacles to the flowers. Scabiofa 
peregrina, capitulo oblongo nigricante. C. B. P. 270. 
Foreign Scabious , with an oblong head and black flowers. 
16. Scabiosa (Stellata) corollulis quinquefidis, foliis dif- 
fedtis, receptaculis florum fubrotundis. Hort. Cliff. 
3 1 . Scabious with five-pointed florets , cut leaves , and 
roundiflo receptacles to the flowers. Scabiofa ftellata fo- 
lio laciniato major.. C. B. P. 271. Greater ftarry Sca- 
bious with a cut leaf. 
17. Scabiosa ( Africana ) corollulis quinquefidis, foliis 
inferioribus integris crenatis, caulinis incifo- crenatis, 
caule fruticofo. Scabious with five-pointed florets , the 
lower leaves entire and crendted, thofe upon the ftalks 
bluntly cut , and a florubby ftalk. Scabiofa Africana fru- 
tefcens. Par. Bat. 219. Shrubby African Scabious. 
18. Scabiosa (Incifus) corollulis quinquefidis, foliis in- 
ferioribus crenatis, caulinis duplicato-pinnatis, caule 
fruticofo hirfuto. Scabious with five-pointed florets , the 
under leaves crenated , thofe on the ftalks doubly winged, 
and a florubby hairy ftalk. Scabiofa Africana frute- 
fcens, maxima, foliis tenuiffime incifis. Boerh. Ind. 
alt. 1. 128. Great eft fhrubby African Scabious , with 
leaves very Jlightly cut. 
19. Scabiosa ( Fimbriatus ) corollulis multifidis, caly- 
cibus florum longioribus, caule ramofo foliis diffedtis. 
Scabious with many-pointed florets, longer empalements to 
the flowers , a branching ftalk , and cut leaves. Scabiofa 
Orientalis ftellata, foliis variis flore carneo, femiflofcu- 
lis florum fimbriatis. Edit, prior. Eaftern ftarry Scabi- 
ous, with various leaves , a fleflo- coloured flower, and the 
half florets fringed. 
The firft fort grows naturally in the fields in divers 
parts of England j this hath a ftrong, thick, fibrous 
root, which runs deep into the ground, fending out 
many branching ftalks, which rife near three feet 
high : the lower leaves are fometimes almoft entire, 
and at others they are cut into many fegments almoft 
to the midrib ; they are feven or eight inches long, 
and from three to four broad in the middle, hairy, 
and fit clofe to the root. The ftalks are covered 
with ftiff prickly hairs, and garnifhed with fmaller 
leaves at each joint, which are cut into narrow feg- 
ments almoft to the midrib. The flowers are pro- 
duced upon naked foot-ftalks at the end of the 
branches ; thefe have a double empalement, which is 
hairy, and are compofed of feveral tubulons florets, 
cut into four points at the top, each having a particu- 
lar empalement, refting upon the common placenta. 
. The florets round the border are larger and deeper 
cue 
