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clofe to the ftyle. After the flowers are pail, the 
germen turn to four roundifh feeds, which ripen in 
the empalement. The whole plant has a very ftrong 
fcent ; it flowers in June and July, and the feeds ri- 
pen in September. 
It is propagated by feeds, which fhould be fown in 
the fpring, and when the plants are fit to remove, 
they fhould be either tranfplanted into beds, or if a 
large quantity is required, they may be planted in an 
open fpot of ground in rows two feet afunder, and 
one foot diftance in the rows. After the plants have 
taken root, they will require no farther care but to 
keep them clean from weeds. The winter and fpring 
following the leaves, which are the only part ufed, 
will be in perfection, and in the fummer they will run 
up to flower, and after they have ripened their feeds 
decay, fo that there fhould be annually young plants 
railed for ufe. It will thrive upon almoft any foil that 
is not very wet, for in moift ground the plants fre- 
quently rot in winter. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in Iftria and Dalma- 
tia there are two varieties of this, one with very 
broad leaves which are but flightly indented on the 
iides, the other has longer leaves which are deeply 
jagged. The leaves of both forts are of a thick fub- 
ftance, and very woolly, efpecially on their under 
fide their upper fldes are rugged and wrinkled like 
the firft fort, and have feveral longitudinal veins, 
which diverge from the midrib. The (talks are fquare, 
and rife about two feet high, fending out many 
branches by pairs oppofite, which are garnifhed in the 
firft with entire, oval, acute-pointed leaves, which 
embrace the ftalks with their bafe, but thofe of the 
other are long, narrow, and have feveral deep inden- 
tures on their edges. The upper part of the ftalk 
and branches are garnifhed with fpikes of flowers in 
whorls •, under each of thefe whorls, are two hollow 
green leaves which are fhorter than the empalements 
of the flowers ; thefe empalements are divided into 
two lips, the upper ending in three, and the under 
in two fpiculte. The under lip or beard of the flow- 
er is white, and the helmet or galea is of a pale blue 
colour. This fort flowers and perfedls its feeds at the 
fame time as the firft, and perifhes foon after ; it may 
be treated in the fame way as the firft. 
The third fort has fome refemblance of the fecond, 
but the leaves are larger, very woolly, and glutinous ; 
they are oblong, oval, deeply indented in fharp points, 
and end with very acute points The ftalks are wool- 
ly, four-cornered, and rife about two feet and a half 
high, fending out fide branches by pairs ; thefe ter- 
minate in loofe fpikes of whorled flowers which are 
white, and the whorls are fmalier than thofe of the 
other forts. It flowers and feeds about the fame time 
as the former, and the plants foon after decay ; it 
grows naturally in Portugal and alfo in Syria ; it is 
propagated by feeds in the fame way as the firft. 
The fourth fort grows naturally in fome parts of France 
and Germany : it is generally found in meadows and 
rich paftures ; this has a perennial root, compofed of 
many ftrong ligneous fibres, from which come 
out many oblong heart-fhaped leaves of a deep green 
colour, whofe furfaces are rough ; they are crenated 
on their edges, and ftand upon pretty long foot- 
ftalks. The ftalks rife three feet high •, they are four- 
cornered, and their lower parts are garnifhed with 
leaves whofe bafe embrace them ; the flowers grow 
in long whorled fpikes at the top ; they are fmalier 
than thofe of the former forts, and are of a fine blue 
colour, having fcarce any fmall leaves under the 
whorls. This flowers the latter end of May, and the 
feeds ripen in July ; it is propagated by feeds, but 
the roots continue long. 
The fifth fort grows naturally in Syria •, this is an 
abiding plant, whofe roots run deep in the ground. 
The leaves are fpear-fhaped •, the lower ones are about 
four inches long, and an inch and a half broad in the 
middle *, they are crenated on their edges, and a lit- 
tle woolly on their under fide. The ftalks are (lender, 
ftiff, and rife a foot and a half high ; they are gar- 
• • \ f 
nifhed with fmalier leaves of the fame fhape, fet on by 
pairs ; the flowers grow in fmall whorls, difpofed in 
loofe fpikes at the top of the ftalks ; they are fmall, 
blue, and fhaped like thofe of the other forts. This 
flowers in July, and the feeds ripen in autumn ; it is 
propagated by feeds in the fame way as the other 
forts. 
The fixth fort grows naturally on the fldes of high- 
ways about Vienna and all over Hungary ; this has 
an abiding root, fending out many fmooth leaves about 
the fize and fhape of thofe of broad-leaved Sage, but 
are indented on their edges. The ftalks are (lender, 
four-cornered, and rife a foot and a half high toward 
the bottom ; they are garnifhed with fmalier leaves ; 
the upper parts are garnifhed with fpiked fmall 
whorls of blue flowers which appear in June, and are 
fucceeded by feeds which ripen in Auguft. It is pro- 
pagated by feeds in the fame way as the firft fort, but 
the roots will continue feveral years. 
The feventh fort grows naturally in Auftria and Bohe- 
mia ; this has an abiding root, frorh which come out 
many heart fpear-flhaped leaves about four inches 
long, and one and a half broad ; they are crenated 
on their edges, of a bright green colour, and have 
many white fpots difperfed on their furface. The 
ftalks are thick, four-cornered, and rife near three 
feet high, garnifhed below with leaves by pairs fitting 
clofe to the ftalks, but their upper parts have long 
loofe fpikes of flowers in fmall whorls, whofe bradfes 
are coloured. This flowers in June, and the feeds 
ripen in Auguft ; it is propagated by feeds as the for- 
mer forts. 
The eighth fort grows naturally in Syria ; this is a 
biennial plant, which dies after it has borne feeds. The 
leaves of this fort are very thick and woolly *, they are 
eight or nine inches long, narrow and wing-pointed, 
being cut into obtufe fegments nearly oppofite on 
their fldes, almoft to the midrib, fomewhat like a 
ftag’s-horn in fhape ; thefe fpread flat on the ground. 
The ftalk rifes more than a foot high ; it is thick, four- 
cornered, and very woolly, fending out branches by 
pairs, and is garnifhed with narrow long leaves placed 
by pairs at each joint, which are fawed on their 
edges. The flowers grow in loofe whorled fpikes, 
but thofe are barren at the top of the ftalks ; they are 
- white, and fhaped like thofe of the fourth fort. This 
flowers in June, and the feeds are ripe in Auguft; it 
may be propagated by feeds in the fame way as the 
firft fort, but fhould have a dry foil, otherwife the 
plants are apt to rot in winter. 
The ninth fort grows naturally in India, but is hardy 
enough to live in the open air in England. The root 
of this will abide feveral years in a dry foil •, the lower 
leaves are heart-fhaped, acutely crenated on their 
edges, and of a thick confidence ; they are feven or 
eight inches long, and four broad at their bafe, where 
they are eared. The ftalk is four-cornered, and rifes 
four feet high, having two or three pair of fmalier 
leaves on the lower part, which ftand oppofite at 
the joints. The upper part of the ftalk, for the length 
of two feet, is garnifhed with whorls of flowers which 
ftand two or three inches diftance from each other, 
having no leaves under the whorls. The empale- 
ment of the flower is hairy and blunt ; the galea or 
helmet of the flower is arched, ereft, and blue, ter- 
minating in a blue point the two fide fegments of 
the under lip are of a Violet colour ; the middle feg- 
ment, which is indented at the point is white, and 
curioufly fpotted with Violet on the infide •, the two 
fide indentures turn yellow before the flower drops. 
When the flower is paft, the germen turn to four large 
roundifh feeds which ripen in the empalement. This 
fort flowers in May, and the feeds ripen in July •, it is 
propagated by feeds in the fame manner as the other 
forts. 
The tenth fort grows naturally in the Levant, where 
it was difcovered by Dr. Tournefort, who fent the 
feeds to the Royal Garden at Paris ; this hath a per- 
ennial root, from which come out many fpear-fhaped 
leaves about four inches long, and one inch and a 
1 2 C half 
5(>Z- 
