purple colour with a mixture of green ; •'the feed-vef- 
fels are fmail and roundifh. This flowers at the lame 
time v/ith the former. 
The tenth fort grows naturally in Crete ; this hath a 
root compofed of flefhy fibres. The lower leaves are 
broad and jagged, not much unlike thofe of the In- 
dian Scabious ; the ftalks rife near three feet high ; 
they are four-cornered, green, and fmooth, and are 
garnifhed with winged leaves having very long foot- 
ftalks •, they are compofed of two or three pair of 
fmail lobes, terminated by a large one, which] are 
acutely indented on their edges, and end in fharp 
points. The ftalks are terminated by (lender bunches 
of flowers which are fituated fparfedly ; they are fmail, 
of a purplifh colour at their rims, and are edged with 
white ; they are fucceeded by frnall roundifh feed- 
veffels filled with very fmail feeds. It flowers in June, 
and the feeds ripen in September. 
The eleventh fort grows naturally in the kingdom of 
Naples, where it is frequently found upon rocks and 
old (tone walls •, this is a biennial plant, which pe- 
riilies after it has produced ripe feeds. The ftalks 
rife fifteen inches high ; they are thick, fmooth, and 
have fcarce any corners ; the leaves are winged, nar- 
row, and of a lucid green ; they are thick, fucculent, 
and divided into many fmail lobes which are again 
divided, and are wing-pointed ; the flowers are pro- 
duced in loofe bunches on the fides and at the top of 
the ftalk ; they are of a dark brown colour, with a 
mixture of green, and are fucceeded by pretty large 
roundifh capfules, filled with angular dark-coloured 
feeds. It flowers about the fame time as the former 
fort. 
The twelfth fort grows naturally in the Levant ; this 
hath a perennial creeping root. The ftalks rife two 
feet and a half high ; their lower parts are clofely gar- 
niflied with fpear-fhaped leaves which are fharply fa’ w- 
ed, and cut at bottom ; he upper part of the ftalk 
is garnifhed with compound bunches of fmail brown 
flowers which appear in May, and are fucceeded by 
fmail roundifh capfules filled with fmail feeds, which 
ripen in July. 
The thirteenth fort grows naturally in Helvetia ; this 
is a biennial plant, which flowers and produces feeds 
the fecond year, and then decays. The lower leaves 
of this fort are four or five inches long, and three 
broad ; they are heart-fhaped, hairy, and of a pale 
green colour. The ftalks rife three feet high, and 
are garnifhed with fmaller leaves, of the fame fhape 
with thole at' bottom, placed by threes round the ftalk; 
the flowers ftand upon pretty long foot-llalks ; three 
of thefe come out at each joint round the ftalk, and 
fupport clufters of pretty large flowers of a pale yel- 
low colour ; thefe appear in April, and are fucceeded 
by large oval capfules filled with fmail feeds, which ri- 
pen in June. 
The fourteenth fort is a biennial plant which grows 
naturally in Italy. The leaves of this are heart-fhap- 
ed, ending in acute points, and are fawed on their 
edges ; they are of a lucid green, and on the upper 
part of the ftalk are placed alternate ; the foot-ftalks 
of the flowers come out at the wings of the leaves ; 
thefe each fuftain two or three flowers, which are of 
a dark red or purple colour ; they appear in May and 
June, and the feeds ripen in July and Auguft, after 
which the plants die. 
The fifteenth fort grows naturallyin theLevant,and al- 
fo upon Gibraltar hill ; this is a biennial plant, general- 
ly dying foon after the feeds are ripe. The lower leaves 
of this fort are doubly winged, and the fegments are 
varioufly cut and indented ; the ftalk is (lender, and 
riles three feet high, the lower part of which is gar- 
nilhed with fmaller winged leaves, of a lucid oreen, 
which are indented and fit clofe to the ftalks •, the up- 
per part has very llender bunches of fmail flowers, 
coming out of the fide quite to the end of the branches. 
The flowers are thinly ranged, they are very fmail, 
and of a purple colour with white borders ; thefe 
appear in June and July, but unlefs the autumn 
SCR 
proves warm, they will produce no good feeds iii 
England. 
The fixteenth fort grows naturally in Portugal, where 
the ftalks become woody, but in England they are 
generally killed in winter, unlefs the plants are pre- 
ierved in fhelter ; the ftalks are garnifhed with fpear- 
fhaped leayes which are bluntly fawed on their bor- 
ders ; the flowers are produced from the fide of the 
ftalks, where at each joint come out two foot-ftalks^ 
This hath dark herbaceous flowers which appear in 
June, and the feeds ripen in autumn. 
The feventeenth fort grows naturally in Maryland • 
this hath a perennial fibrous root. The ftalks are 
four-cornered ; the leaves are heart-fhaped, fharply 
fawed on their edges, and rounded at their bafe ; the 
flowers are produced in bunches oh the upper part 
of the ftalk, and are like thofe of the firft fort, but 
are of an herbaceous colour. This flowers in June 
and July, and the feeds ripen in autumn. 
The eighteenth fort was difcovered by the late Dr. 
Houftoun, growing naturally at La Vera Cruz in 
New Spain ; this is a biennial plant. The ftalk rifes 
two feet high, and is garnifhed with oval acute-point- 
ed leaves which are fawed on their edges, and fit clofe 
to the ftalks ; thofe at the bottom and top of the 
ftalk are placed by pairs, but in the middle there are 
three or four leaves at each joint placed round the 
ftalk ; they are of a pale green colour, and at the 
top of the ftalk the flowers are produced in roundifh 
bunches ; they are about the fize of thofe of the firft 
fort, and are of a fine fcarlet colour. This fort 
flowered in the Chelfea Garden, but did not perfect 
its feeds. 
Thefe plants are propagated by feeds, which if fown 
in the fpring, the plants feldom rife the fame feafon. 
Some of them may come up in autumn, and others 
the fpring following ; but, if they are fown in au- 
tumn, foon after they are ripe, the plants will come 
up the fpring following. Thefe feeds may be moft of 
them fown in the place where the plants are to remain, 
for the plants are in general all of them hardy 
enough to bear the cold of our ordinary winters in 
the open air (except the laft fort, which is tender ;) 
therefore when the plants come up, they will require 
no other care but to thin them where they are too 
clofe, and keep them clear from weeds. The fecond 
year the plants will flower and produce ripe feeds ; 
after which thofe forts which are biennial will die, but 
the others will continue fome years. 
The feventh and eighth forts are ornamental plants, 
fo may be allowed to have a place in the pleafure-gar- 
den, where, when the plants are ftrong, they will 
make a good appearance during their continuance in 
flower, which generally lafts two months, unlefs the 
feafon proves very hot and dry. The roots of thefe 
forts will abide many years, unlefs by a very fevere 
winter they are deftroyed ; therefore it will be proper 
to put fome of thefe plants in pots, which may be 
Iheltered under a common frame in winter; but, as 
young plants flower ftronger than the old ones, there 
ihould be a fucceffion of them annually propagated 
by feeds. 
The other forts are proper furniture for botanic gar- 
dens, but are feldom cultivated in any other. The 
ninth, tenth, eleventh, and fixteenth forts Ihould have 
a dry foil, for as they naturally grow upon rocks and 
old walls, if they are in good ground, the plants will 
grow vigorous in fu miner, and thereby will be fo re- 
plete with moifture, as that they are often killed by 
ordinary frofts, or rot with wet in winter; whereas in 
a poor dry foil, they are feldom injured by the cold in 
England. 
The laft fort is too tender to live through the winter 
in the open air in this country, but the feeds ihould 
be fown in pots in autumn, which may be flicker- 
ed under a common frame in winter, and in the 
fpring plunged into a moderate hot-bed, which will 
bring them up. When thefe are fit to remove, as- 
many of them as are required Ihould be planted into 
fepafate 
