pofed of twelve liar-pointed pointals, fet found the 
circle or gerrnen, which is attended by twenty-four 
ftamina terminated by purple fummits. This flowers 
-at the fame time with the firft fort. 
The fourth fort grows naturally upon the Alps and 
Helvetian mountains ; this has much Ihorter and nar- 
rower leaves than either of the former. The heads 
are fmall and very compad ; the leaves are gray, 
iharp-pointed, and have fender white threads eroding 
from one to the other, interfering each other in va- 
rious manners, fo as in fome mealure to reprefent a 
fpider’s web. The flower-llalks rife about fix inches 
high, they are fucculent, round, and garnifhed with 
awl-fhaped fucculent leaves placed alternately ; the 
upper part of the ftalk divides into two or three 
branches, upon each of which is a Angle row of flow- 
ers ranged on one fide above each other, compofed of 
eight Ipear-fhaped petals, of a bright red cplour, with 
a deep red line running longitudinally in the middle •, 
thefe fpread open in form of a far, and in the center 
is fituated the crown or gerrnen of an herbaceous co- 
lour, furrounded by fixteen purple ftamina which are 
ered and fpreading, terminated by yellow fummits. 
This fort flowers in June and July. 
All the above-mentioned forts are extremely hardy, 
and propagate very fail by offsets ; they love a dry 
foil, fo ate very proper to plant in rock- work, where 
they will thrive better than in the full ground, and 
they want no care ; for when they are once fixed, they 
will propagate and fpread fall enough, fo that the lar- 
ger forts may require to be annually reduced to keep 
them within proper compafs. When any of thefe 
heads flower, they die foon after, but the offsets loon 
fupply their place. 
The fifth fort grows naturally at the Cape of Good 
Hope, and alfo in Portugal ; the old walls about 
Lifbon are covered with this plant. This rifes with 
a flefhy fmooth ftalk eight or ten feet high, dividing 
into many branches, which are terminated by round 
heads or clufters of leaves lying over each other like 
the petals of a double Rofe ; they are fucculent and 
fpear-fhaped, of a bright green, and have very fmall 
indentures on their edges like the teeth of a very fine 
law. The ftalks are marked with the veftiges of the 
fallen leaves, and have a light brown bark •, the 
flowers rife from the center of the heads, forming a 
large pyramidal fpike ; they are of a bright yellow 
colour, and the petals fpread open like the points of 
a ftar ; the other parts are like thofe of the other 
fpecies. This fort generally flowers in autumn or 
winter, and the flowers continue long in beauty, dur- 
ing which time they make a fine appearance. 
There is a variety of this with variegated leaves, 
which is much efteemed by the curious ; this was 
obtained by a branch which had been acciden- 
tally broken from a plant of the plain kind at 
Badmington, the feat of his Grace the Duke of Beau- 
fort, which, after having laid fome time, was planted, 
and when the young leaves pufhed out, they were 
variegated. Thefe plants are eafily propagated by 
cutting off the branches, which, when planted, foon 
put out roots •, thefe fhould be laid in a dry place for 
a week before they are planted, that the bottom may 
be healed over, otherwise they are apt to rot, efpe- 
cially if they have much wet. When the cuttings 
are planted in pots, they fhould be placed in a fhady 
fituation, and muft have but little wet, and if they 
are planted in a fhady border, they will require no 
water, for the moifture of the ground will be fuffici- 
ent for them. Some years paft thefe plants were ten- 
derly treated their cuttings were put into a hot-bed 
to forward their putting out roots, and in winter the 
plants were kept in ftoves, but later experience has 
taught us that they will thrive better with hardier 
treatment for, if they are protected from froft and 
wet in winter, and have a good fhare of air in mild 
weather, they will thrive better, and flower oftener 
than when they are tenderly nurfed. I have fre- 
quently feen the branches of thefe plants, which 
have been accidentally broken off and fallen on. the 
ground, put out roots as. they have laid, and havs 
made good plants. The fort with ftriped leaves is 
tenderer than the other, and more impatient of wet 
in winter. 
The fixth fort grows naturally in the Canary Iflands j 
this feldom rifes high, unlefs the plants are drawn up 
by tender management. -The ftalk is thick and rug- 
ged, chiefly occafioned by the veftiges of the decay- 
ed leaves •, it feldom rifes above a foot and a half 
high, fupporting at the top one very large crown of 
leaves, difpofed circularly like a full-blown double 
Rofe. The leaves are large, and end in obtufe 
points which are a little incurved 5 they are fucculent* 
foft to the touch, and pliable. The flower-ftalk 
comes out of the center, and rifes near two feet high, 
branching out from the bottom, fo as to form a re- 
gular pyramid of flowers, which are of an herbaceous 
colour, and fhaped like thofe of the other fpecies ; 
they appear in June and July, and are fucceeded by 
horned capfules filled with fmall feeds which ripen 
late in autumn or winter, and then the plant dies. 
This is propagated by feeds, which fhould be fown 
foon after it is ripe in pots filled with light fandy 
earth, covering them over very lightly with the fame 
earth. Thefe pots fhould be placed under a common 
frame to keep out the froft, but fhould be expofed 
to the open air at all times in mild weather ^ here the 
pots may remain till the fpring, when the danger of 
hard frofts is over, and then they fhould be remov- 
ed to a fituation where they may have only the morn- 
ing fun, and in dry weather the earth fhould be wa- 
tered gently. This will foon bring up the plants, 
which muft be kept clean from weeds, and, when 
they are fit to remove, they fhould be planted in pots 
filled with light loamy earth, and placed in the fhade 
till they ( have taken new root ; then they may be 
placed with other hardy fucculent plants in a fhelter-* 
ed fituation for the fummer, and if iff winter they 
are placed in a frame where they may be protected 
from hard froft, and enjoy the free air in mild wea- 
ther, they will thrive better than with tender treat- 
ment. ‘ 
The feventh fort grows naturally at the Cape of Good 
Hope ; this is a very low plant, whofe heads fpread 
clofe on the ground they are much fmaller than 
thofe of the common Houfeleek. The leaves have 
white edges, which are indented like the teeth of a 
faw ; they fpread open flat ; the flowers are produced 
in loofe panicles upon naked foot-ftalks ; they are 
fmall and white, fo make but little appearance. 
This is propagated by offsets, which are put out in 
plenty from the fides of the heads ; this muff be plant- 
ed in pots, fheltered from the froft in winter, and in 
fummer placed in the open air with other hardy fuccu- 
lent plants. 
SENECIO. Tourn, Inft. R. H. 456. tab. 260. Lin. 
Gen. Plant. 857. [fo called from ienefeere, Lat. to 
wax old, becaufe in a hot climate or weather it foon 
flourifhes, and grows old, and the feed afterward 
reprefents the head of old men. It is alfo called 
Erigeron from #/>», in the fpring, and to wax 
old, becaufe it flourifhes in winter, and become old 
in the fpring. It is alfo called Herba Pappa, becaufe 
its feeds are very downy.] Groundfel in French, 
Sene f on. 
The Characters are. 
The flower is compofed of many hermaphrodite florets which 
form the dijk , and female half florets which make the 
border or rays ; thefe are mcluded in one common cylindri- 
cal empalement which is rough , fcaly , ami contrasted 
above. The hermaphrodite florets are tubulous , funnel- 
Jhaped, and cut into five parts at the brim , which are re- 
flexed they have five fmall hair-like ftamina congested at 
the top , terminated by cylindrical fummits , and an oval 
gerrnen covered with doivn , fituated under the petals firp- 
porting a fender ftyle , crowned by two oblong revolving 
, ftigmas. The gerrnen afterward turns to an oval feed , 
covered with down , inclofed in the empalement. The 
female half florets, which form the rays are fir etched out 
like a tongue , and are indented in three parts at the top. 
