SEN 
This genus of plants is ranged- in the fecond feftion 
of Linnaeus’s nineteenth ciafs, which contains thofe 
plants whofe flowers are compofed of hermaphrodite 
fruitful florets, and female half florets which are bar- 
ren. To this genus he has added feveral of Tourne- 
fort’s fpecies of Ragwort. 
We fhall not trouble the reader with the mention- 
ing thofe fpecies of this genus which are efteemed 
common weeds, fo are not cultivated in gardens, but 
confine ourfelves to thofe which are the molt valuable 
here. 
The Species are, 
1. Senecio ( Hieracifolius ) corollis nudis, foliis amplexi- 
caulibus laceris, caule herbaceo erefto. Hort. IJpfal. 
261. Groundfel with naked petals, torn leaves embracing 
the ftalk , and an erect herbaceous ftalk. Senecio Ame- 
ricanus altiflimus, maximo folio. Tourn. Inft. 456. 
T alleft American Groundfel with a very large leaf. 
2. Senecio ( Pfeudo China ) corollis nudis, fcapo fubnu- 
do longiflimo. Flor. Leyd. Prod. 164. Groundfel with 
naked ftalks which are very long. Senecio Madrafpa- 
tanus, rapi folio, floribus maximis cujus radix a non- 
nullis China dicitur. Hort. Elth. 345. Groundfel of 
Madrafs , with a F urnep leaf and a very large flower , 
whofe root is called China-root. 
3. Senecio ( Aureus ) corollis radiantibus, foliis crenatis, 
infimis cordatis petiolatis, fuperioribus pinnatifidis ly- 
ratis. Flor. Virg. 98. Groundfel with radiated flowers 
and crenated leaves , the lower ones of which are heart- 
Jhaped and have foot-flalks , but the upper lyre-fhaped and 
wing-pointed. 
4. Senecio ( Haftulatus ) corollis radiantibus, petiolis 
amplexicaulibus, pedunculis folio triplo longioribus, 
foliis pinnato-finuatis. Flor. Leyd. Prod. 164. Ground- 
fel with radiated flowers , foot-flalks embracing the flalks , 
foot-flalks to the flowers three times the length of the 
leaves , and winged finuated leaves. Jacobaea Afra, pe- 
rennis vifcofa lutea, afplenii folio. Vaill. Aft.' 1720. 
African , perennial , yellow , clammy Ragwort , with a 
Spleenwort leaf. 
5. Senecio ( Elegans ) .corollis radiantibus, foliis pinnati- 
fidis aequalibus patentiflimis, rachi inferne anguftata. 
Hort. Cliff. 406. Groundfel with radiated flowers , wing- 
pointed leaves which are equal and fpreading , and the 
midrib below narrowed. Jacobaea Africana frutefcens, 
flare amplo purpureo elegantiflimo, fenecionis folio. 
Yolk. Norimb. 225. Shrubby African Ragwort, with a 
large , elegant , purple flower , and a Groundfel leaf. 
6 . Senecio ( Abrotanifolius ) corollis radiantibus, foliis 
pinnato-miltifidis linearibus, nudis abut is floribus co- 
rymbofis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 869. Groundfel with radi- 
ated flowers , and wing-pointed , multifid , linear leaves. 
Jacobaea foliis ferulaceis, flore minore. Tourn. Inft. 
R. H. 486. Ragwort with leaves like Giant Fennel, and 
a fmaller flower. 
7. Senecio ( Paludofus ) corollis radiantibus, foliis enfi- 
formibus acute ferratis fubtus fubvillofis, caule ftric- 
to. Lin. Sp. Plant. 870. Groundfel with radiated flow- 
ers, fword-fhaped leaves which are acutely flawed, a lit- 
tle hairy on their under fide, and a clofe ftalk. Jaco- 
baea paluftris altiflima, foliis ferratis. Tourn. Inft. 
485. F alleft Marfh Ragwort with flawed leaves. 
8. Senecio (Sarracenicus) corollis radiantibus,. floribus 
corymbofls, foliis lanceolatis ferratis glabriufculis. 
Flort. Upfal. 266. Groundfel with radiated flowers grow- 
ing in a corymbus , and fpear-fhaped, flawed, fmooth 
leaves. Jacobaea Alpina, foliis longioribus ferratis. 
Tourn. Inft. R. H. 48 5. Alpine Ragwort with longer 
flawed leaves. 
9. Senecio (. Altiflimus ) corollis radiantibus, floribus co- 
rymbofis, foliis lanceolatis ferratis femiamplexicauli- 
bus. Groundfel with radiated flowers growing in a corym- 
bus, and fpear-fhaped flawed leaves half embracing the 
flalks. Jacobaea pratenfis altiflima, limonii folio. 
Tourn. Inft. 48 5. F alleft Meadow Ragzvort, with a Sea 
Lavender leaf. 
10. Senecio ( Orientals ) corollis radiantibus, floribus 
corymbofis, foliis enfiformibus dentatis amplexicau- 
libus. Groundfel with radiated flowers growing in a co- 
rymbus, and fword-fhaped indented leaves which embrace 
SEN 
the flalks. Jacobaea Orientalis, latifolia altiflima. 
Tourn. Cor. 36. F alleft Eoftern Ragwort with a broad 
leaf. 
11. Senecio ( Incanus ) corollis radiantibus, foliis utrin- 
que tomentofis fubpinnatis laciniis fubdentatis, co~ 
rymbo fubrotundo. Haller. Helv. 731. Groundfel with 
radiated flowers, half-winged leaves which are downy on 
both fldes, fegments which are fomewhat indented, and a 
roundifh corymbus of flowers. Chryfanthemum Alpinum 
incanum, foliis laciniatis. C. B. P. 133. Alpine, hoary. 
Corn Mary gold with cut leaves . 
12. Senecio ( Rigidus ) corollis radiantibus, fpatulaceis 
repandis amplexicaulibus fcabris erofis, caule frutico- 
fo. Hort. Cliff. 406. Groundfel with radiated flowers , 
fpatuhe-Jhaped , rough-pointed, flawed leaves , embracing 
the flalks, which are fhrubby. Jacobaea Africana fru- 
tefcens, foliis rigidis & hirfutis. Hort. Amft. 2. p. 
149. Shrubby African Ragwort, with ft iff and hairy 
leaves. 
13. Senecio (. Ilicifolius ) corollis radiantibus, foliis fa- 
gittatis amplexicaulibus dentatis, caule fruticofo. 
Vir. Cliff. 84. Groundfel with radiated flowers, and 
arrow-pointed indented leaves embracing the flalks, which 
are florubby. Jacobsea Africana frutefcens, foliis in- 
cifis & fubtus cinereis. Com. Rar. Plant. 42. African 
fhrubby Ragwort, with cut leaves, which are gray on their 
under fide. 
14. Senecio ( Halamifolius ) corollis radiantibus, foliis 
obovatis carnofis fubdentatis, caule fruticofo. Lin. 
Sp. Plant. 871. Groundfel with radiated flowers , oval 
flefhy leaves which are fomewhat indented, and a fhrubby 
ftalk. Doria Africana arborefcens foliis craflis & fuc- 
culentis atriplicem referentibus. Boerh. Ind. alt. 1. 98. 
African tree-likeDoria, with thick and fucculent leaves like 
Atriplex. 
The firft fort grows naturally in North America ; this 
is an annual plant. The ftalk is round, channelled, 
and hairy ; it rifes three feet high, and is garnifhed 
with torn leaves which embrace the ftalks with their 
bafe j the flowers are produced in a fort of umbel on 
the top of the ftalks, and are compofed of florets 
having no rays ; they are of a dirty white, and are 
fucceeded by oblong feeds crowned with a long down. 
This plant is preferved in fome botanic gardens for 
the fake of variety, but has very little beauty. The 
feeds of this muft be fown upon a hot-bed in the 
fpring, and when the plants are come up fit to remove, 
they fhould be tranfplanted to another hot-bed to bring 
them forward, and afterward they may be planted in 
a warm border, where they will flower in July, arid 
their feeds will ripen in autumn. 
The fecond fort grows naturally at Madrafs ; this 
hath a perennial root, which has been l'uppofed to be 
the China-root, but is now generally believed to be 
a fpurious kind. The roots are compofed of fome 
thick flefhy tubers, fending out many fibres on every 
fide, from which come out fome large cut leaves fhap- 
edlike thofe of the Turnep, but are fmooth. The 
flower-ftalk is flender, almoft naked, and rifes a foot 
and a half high, fuftaining at the top a few yellow 
flowers, compofed of feveral hermaphrodite florets, 
having no rays or borders ; thefe are fucceeded by 
oval feeds crowned with down, but they rarely ripen 
in England. 
This fort is tender, fo will not thrive in this country, 
unlefs it is kept in a warm ftove •, it is propagated by 
parting of the roots in the fpring. The offsets fhould 
be planted in pots filled with light kitchen-garden 
earth, and fhould then be plunged into the tan-bed in 
the ftove, and treated in the fame way as other tender 
exotics. 
The third fort grows naturally in North America ; 
this hath a perennial root, from which come out many 
roundifh leaves upon long, flender, hairy foot-flalks 
they are about an inch and a half over each way 
they are of a purplifh colour on their under fide, and 
are crenated on their edges. The ftalks rife near two 
feet high, and are garnifhed with a few leaves which 
are indented on each fide in form of a lyre. The up- 
per part of the ftalk divides into feveral flender long 
foot- 
4 
