S T A 
8. Stachys ( Paluftre ) verticillis fexfloris, foliis lineari- 
]anceolatis femiamplexicaulibus. Flor. Suec. 490. 
Bafe Horehound with whorls of fix flowers , and narrow 
fpear-floaped leaves which half embrace the ftalk. Stachys 
palufcris foetid a. C. E. P, 236. Stinking marflo Bafe 
Horehound , or Gerard’s Clound's Woundwort. 
9. Stachys ( Spinofa ) ramulis ipina terminalis. Hort. 
Cliff. 310. Bafe Horehound with fpines terminating the 
branches. Stachys fpinofa Cretica. C. B. P. 236. 
Prickly Bafe Horehound of Crete. 
10. Stachys ( Orientalis ) foliis tomentofis ovato-lance- 
olatis, floralibus verticillo brevioribus. Prod. Leyd. 
318. Eafiern Bafe Horehound, with oval, fpear-Jhaped , 
woolly leaves , and flowers Jhorter than the whorls. Sta- 
chys Orientalis altiflima fcetidiffima. Tourn. Cor. 12. 
fibe talleft Eafier-n Bafe Horehound , which is very foetid. 
There are fome other fpecies of this genus which 
grow naturally in England, and others are common in 
different parts of Europe ; but as they are rarely ad- 
mitted into gardens, it would be befide my purpofe 
to enumerate them here. 
The firft and the eighth forts here mentioned, grow 
naturally in England ; the firft only in a few particu- 
. lar places, but the latter is common by the fide of 
ditches and waters every where, and is here only 
mentioned, becaufe it is a difpenfary plant, and has 
been fuppofed a good vulnerary herb. Of this there 
is another fpecies, which was found by Mr. Stone- 
ftreet growing wild* with narrow leaves, fhorter ftalks, 
longer clofer fpikes of flowers, and the leaves Hand 
diftinft upon {hort foot-ftalks, and this has conftantly 
retained its difference in the garden. Both thele forts 
have creeping roots, fo will loon fpread over a large 
jpot of ground where they have liberty. 
The fevCnth fort grows naturally in Crete ; this is a 
low plant, with an herbaceous ftalk which is very 
branchy from the bottom. The ftalks are {lender, 
four-cornered, and frnooth ; they are garniflied with 
a few .fmall lpear-fhaped leaves : the v/hole plant is 
very clammy, and fmells like bitumen. The flowers 
are fmall, of a dirty white colour, and ftand in fmall 
whorls round the ftalks. Thefe appear in July, and 
are fucceeded by roundifh feeds which ripen in 
autumn. 
This is propagated by feeds, and requires to be fiiel- 
tered under a frame in winter, being too tender to live 
in the open air here. 
The other forts are kept in botanic gardens for the 
fake of variety, but are not cultivated in other places, 
fo it will be needlefs to give a particular defcription of 
them here. 
They are propagated by feeds, which fhould be fown 
in March upon a bed of light frefti earth, and when 
the plants are come up, they may be planted out into 
other beds about fix inches aiunder, obferving to wa- 
ter them until they have taken root, after which they 
will require no farther care but to keep them clear 
from weeds till Michaelmas, when they fhould be 
tranfplanted where they are to remain, which muft 
be in an open fituation, and upon a dry light foil, 
not rich, in which they will endure the winter much 
better than in good ground. The fummer follow- 
ing thefe plants will flower, and in Auguft their feeds 
will ripen, when they may be gathered and preferved 
till fpring for fowing •, many of them die foon after. 
S TiE HELINA. Lin. Gen. Plant. 844. 
The Characters are, 
5 the common empalement of the flower is oblong , cylindri- 
cal , and imbricated ; the fcales are coloured and reflexed ; 
the flower is compofed of feveral uniform florets , which 
are the length of the empalement ; they are funnel-Jhaped, 
and of one petal. The brim is cut into five equal acute 
fegments , is bell-fhaped , and have each five hair-like fla- 
mina terminated by cylindrical fummits , with a floort ger- 
men fupporting a fender ftyle , crowned by a double oblong 
fligma. The germen afterward becomes a Jhort four-cor- 
nered feed , crowned with a feathery down , which ripens 
in the empalement. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedlion of 
Linnaeus’s nineteenth clafs, which includes thole 
S T A 
plants whole flowers are compofed of only hermaphro- 
dite florets which are fruitful, and have their fummits 
connected together in a tube. 
The Species are, 
1. a' (G naphalodes) foliis tomentofis, fquamis 
calycinis lanceolatis, apice membranaceis reflexis. 
Lin. Sp. Plant. 840. Stahelina with woolly leaves , and 
fpear-Jhaped fcales to the empalement s , vsith reflexed mem- 
branaceous tops. Jacea fEthiopica, ftaschados citrinse 
majOribus tomentofis foliis, capitulorum fpinis & fqua- 
inulis ex aureo colore nitentibus. Pluk. Aim. 193. 
tab. 302. ^Ethiopian Knapweed with woolly leaves like 
the greater Goldy locks , and the fpines and fcales of the 
bead of a jhining gold colour. 
2. St/ehelina ( Dubia ) foliis linearibus denticulatis* 
fquamis calycinis lanceolatis, pappo calycibus duplo 
longioribus. Lin. Sp. Plant. 1176. Staehelina with 
leaves which are linear and indented , fcales to the em- 
palement which are fpear-Jhaped , and down longer than 
the empalement. Santolina foliis linearibus, flore foli- 
tario terminali, fquamis calycinis crenatis. Hort. Clifft 
398. Stahelina with linear indented leaves , and fpear- 
Jhaped fcales to the empalement. Elichryfium fylveftre, 
flore oblongo. C. B. P. 265. Wild Immortal Flower , 
with' an oblong flower. 
The firft fort grows naturally at the Cape of Good 
Hope, from whence it was introduced into the Dutch 
gardens ; this rifes with a fhrubby ftalk about three 
feet high, and divides into feveral branches, which 
are garnifhed with long, taper, woolly leaves fet thinly 
upon the branches. The flowers are produced at, the 
end of the branches in Angle heads, which are pretty 
large, and have fcaly empalements •, thefe terminate 
in fpines which are recurved •, they are compofed of 
feveral florets which are tubulous, hermaphrodite, and 
of a yellow colour, each of which is fucceeded by a 
Angle four-cornered feed crowned with a feathery 
down, and ripens in the empalement, each being fe- 
parated by a chaffy fcale. 
The fecond fort is a native of Spain and Italy •, this 
is a low fhrub, feldom rifing more than two feet high, 
fending out many (lender branches which are garnifli- 
ed with leaves placed alternate •, there is a fmall knob 
or angle, juft under that part where the leaf is inferted 
to the branch ; the leaves are narrow, and have three 
blunt angles or corners. The branches are terminated 
by a Angle flower, whofe empalement is oval, and 
like thofe of the flowers' of Knapweed, being imbri- 
cated. The fcales are oblong, oval, and their points 
are rounded ; fome of them have a large membrana- 
ceous border whofe edge is crenated, and fpread open ; 
the florets are yellow and equal, of the fp.me length 
as the empalement ; they are all hermaphrodite and 
have a bifid fligma, and the feeds have a little hairy 
down on their top. 
As thefe plants do not always ripen their feeds in 
England, fo they are generally propagated by cut- 
tings, which if planted in any of the fummer months, 
and covered dole with a bell or hand-glafs, will take 
root pretty freely. When thefe have made good 
roots, they ftiould be taken up carefully and planted 
in pots filled with frefh light earth, not too rich, and 
placed in the (hade until they have taken new root ; 
then they fhould be removed to a fheltered fituation, 
where they may be intermixed with other exotic plants 
till the autumn, when they muft be removed into 
fhelter, and treated in the fame way as other plants 
from the fame country. Thefe plants do not require 
any artificial heat in winter, but fhould have a dry 
air, for their tender (hoots are very fubjedt to rot with 
damp; therefore they will thrive better in a glafs- 
cafe, than a green-houfe in winter. 
STAMINA, CHIVES, or FILAMENTS, 
are the fmall threads which encompafs the ftyle in 
the center of flowers ; upon the tops of which the 
apices or fummits, which contain the male duft, 
hang, fo are generally termed the male organs of ge- 
neration. 
STAMINEOUS FLOWERS are ftich as have 
a number of ftamina, or chives ; but are deftitute of 
*2 T five 
