I 
T A M 
sbay have room to grow, being careful to fhadethem 
from the fun till they have taken new root, after which 
.they rauft have air and water in proportion to the 
warmth of the feafon ; and when the plants are grown 
too tall to remain longer in the frame, they fhould be 
removed to an airy glafs-cafe, where they may ftand 
to flower and ripen their feeds. 
TAMAR INI) US. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 660. tab. 
445. Lin. Gen. Plant. 46. The Tamarind-tree. 
The Characters are, 
The empalement of the fiower is compofed of four oval 
plain leaves which are equal ; the flower has five petals 
which are almofi like thofe of the butterfly kind , one of 
them ftanding erect, two are placed like wings on each fide, 
and two reflebt downward ; it has three awl-jhaped fta- 
mina fituated in the finufes of the empalement , and are 
arched toward the upper petal, terminated by Jingle fum- 
mits, and an oblong ovalgermen fuppor ting an awl-jhaped 
afc ending fly le, crowned by a fingle ftigma. The germen 
afterward becomes a long , fwelling, compreffed pod, having 
a double cover, and one cell containing three , four , or five 
angular compreffed feeds , f urroundecl with pulp. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fir A: fe&ion of 
Linnaeus’s third clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whofe flowers have three ftamina and one Ryle. 
We know but one Species of this genus, viz. 
Tamarindus ( In die a.) Hort. Cliff. 18. The Tamarind- 
tree. Siliqua Arabica, quae Tamarindus. C. B. P. 
403. The Arabian Pod or Tamarind. 
This tree grows naturally in both Indies, and alfo in 
Egypt ; but it has been fuppofed by fome eminent bo- 
tanifts, that the Tamarind which grew in the Eaft- 
Indies, was different from that of the Weft, becaufe 
the pods of the firft are almoft double the length of 
thofe of the latter. The pods which have been brought 
me from the Eaft-Indies, have generally been fo long 
as to contain five, fix, and fometimes feven feeds, 
whereas thofe of the Weft-Indies have very rarely 
more than three or four; but the plants which I have 
raifed from the feeds of both forts, are fo like as not 
to be diftinguifhed ; therefore I fuppofe it may be 
owing to the foil, or culture, that one is fo much 
larger than the other. 
This grows to a very large fize in thofe countries 
where it is a native, but in England it will not thrive 
out of a ftove, efpecially in winter. The ftem is very 
large, covered with a brown bark, and divides into 
many branches at the top, which fpread wide every 
way, and are clofely garnifhed with winged leaves, 
compofed of fixteen or eighteen pair of lobes, with- 
out a fing-le one at the end. The lobes are about 
O 
half an inch long, and a fixth part of an inch broad, 
of a bright green, a little hairy, and fit clofe to the 
midrib. The flowers come out from the fide of the 
branches, five, fix, or more together upon the fame 
foot-ftalk, in loofe bunches ; thefe are compofed of 
five reddiih petals, one of which is reflexed upward 
like the ftandard in fome of the butterfly flowers, two 
others ftand on each fide like the wings, and the other 
two are turned downwards ; thefe, in the countries 
where the plants grow naturally, are fucceeded by 
thick compreffed pods, two, three, four, or five inches 
long, having a double fkin or cover, and fwell in 
every place where the feeds are lodged, full of an acid 
ftringy pulp, which furrounds fmooth, compreffed, 
angular feeds. 
The Tamarinds which are brought from the Eaft- 
Indies are darker and drier, but contain more pulp, 
being preferved without fugar, and are fitter to be 
put into medicines than thofe from the Weft-Indies, 
which are much redder, have lei's pulp, and are pre- 
ferved with fugar, fo are pleafanter to the palate. 
The plants are preferved in the gardens of thofe who 
have conveniency to maintain rare exotic trees and 
fhrubs. 
They are eafily propagated by fowing their feeds on 
a hot-bed in the fpring ; and when the plants are 
come up, they fhould be planted each into a feparate 
fmall pot-filled with light rich earth, and plunged into 
a hot-bed of tanners bark to bring them forward, ob- 
serving £0 water and fhade them until they have taken 
root ; and as the earth in the pots appears dry, they 
muft be watered from time to time, and fhould have 
air given to them in proportion to the warmth of the 
feafon, and the bed in which they are placed ; -when, 
the pots in which they are planted are filled with their 
roots, the plants fhould be fhifted into pots of a larger 
fize, which muft be filled up with rich light earth, 
and again plunged into the hot-bed, giving them air, 
as before, according to the warmth of the feafon ; but 
in very hot weather the glafies fhould be ftiaded with 
mats in the heat of the day, otherwife the fun will be 
too violent for them through the glaffes ; nor will the 
plants thrive, if they are expofed to the open air, 
even in the warmeft feafon ; fothat they muft be con- 
ftantly kept in the bark-ftove both fummer and win- 
ter, treating them as hath been directed for the Cof- 
fee-tree, with whofe culture they will thrive exceed Lo- 
well. 13 
Thefe plants, if rightly managed, will grow very 
faft ; for I have had them upwards of three feet high 
in one fummer from feed, and have had two plants 
which produced flowers the fame feafon they were 
fown ; but this was accidental, for none of the older 
plants have produced any flowers, although I have fe-r 
veral plants of different ages, fome of which are 
above twenty years old, and about fifteen feet high, 
with large fpreading heads. 
TAMAR IX. Lin. Gen. Plant. 75. Tamarifcusv 
Tourn. Inft. R. H. 661. The Tamarifk. 
The Characters are. 
The empalement of the flower is obtufe, ere A, find perma- 
nent ; it is cut into five parts ; the flower has five oval 
concave petals which fpread open, and five hair-like Jl a - 
mina terminated by roundifh ftummits ; it has an acute- 
pointed germen without a ftyle, crowned by three oblong, 
feathery , twifted Jligmas. The germen afterward turns 
to an oblong acute-pointed capfule with three corners , hav- 
ing one cell, opening with three valves , containing many 
fmall downy feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the third feftion of 
Linnteus’s fifth clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whofe flowers have five ftamina, and three ftyles or 
ftigmas. 
The Species are, 
1. Tamarix ( Gallica ) floribus pentandris. Hort. Cliff. 
111. T amarifk with flowers having five ftamina. T a- 
marifeus Narbonenfis. Lob. Icon. 218. French Ta- 
marijk. 
2. Tamarix ( Germanica ) floribus decandris. Hort. Cliff. 
hi. Tamarifk whofe flowers have ten ftamina. Tama- 
rifeus Germanica. Lob. Icon. 218. German Tamarifk. 
The firft fort grows naturally in the fouth of France, 
in Spain and Italy, where it grows to a tree of middling 
fize, but in England is feldom more than fourteen or 
fixteen feet high. The bark is rough,. and of a dark 
brown colour ; it fends out many flender branches, 
moft of which fpread out flat and hang downward at 
their ends ; thele are covered with a Cheftnut-coloured 
bark, and garnifhed with very narrow finely divided 
leaves, which are fmooth, of a bright green colour, 
and have fmall leaves or indentured which lie over 
each other like feales of fifh. The flowers are pro- 
duced in taper fpikes at the end of the branches, fe- 
veral of them growing on the fame branch. The fpikes 
are about an inch long, and as thick as a large earth- 
worm. The flowers are fet very clofe all round the 
fpike ; they are very fmall, and have five concave 
petals of a pale flefh colour, with five flender ftamina 
terminated by roundifh red fummits. The flowers ap- 
pear in July, and are fucceeded by oblong, acute- 
pointed, three-cornered capfules, filled with fmall 
downy feeds, which feldom ripen in England. 
The wood, bark, and leaves of this tree are ufed in 
medicine, and are accounted fpecific for all difor-- 
ders of the fpleen, as being believed to leffen it much. 
The bark is fometimes ufed for rickets in children. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in Germany, in moift 
land this is rather a fhrub than tree, having feveral 
ligneous ftalks arifing from the fame root, which 
grow 
