male flowers grow in oblong katkins, and between 
thele the female flowers are collected in form of cones. 
When the former have filed their farina, they foon af- 
ter drop oft, but the female flowers are fucceeded by 
oblong cones, having obtufe fmooth fcales, containing 
one or two oblong feeds. It flowers early in the 
fpring, and the feeds ripen in September. The leaves 
of this tree have a rank oily lcent when bruifed. 
The iecond fort grows naturally in the northern parts 
of China, where it rifes to a confiderable height, but 
this has not been long enough in Europe to have any 
trees of large fize here. The feeds of this fort were 
fil'd fent to Paris by fome of the miffionaries, and 
there are fome of the trees growing in the gardens of 
fome curious perfons there, which are more than 
twenty feet high. The branches of this fort mow 
clofer together, and are much better adorned "with 
leaves, which, are of a brighter green colour, fo make 
a much better appearance than the other ; and being 
very hardy, is efteemed much preferable to moft (§' 
the evergreen trees with final! leaves, for, ornament 
ih gardens. The branches of this tree crofs each other 
at right angles ; the leaves are flat, but the Angle di- 
vifions of the leaves, are {lender, and the fcales are 
fmaller, and lie clofer over each other than thofe of 
the firit fort. The cones are alfo much larger, and of 
a beautiful gray colour ; their fcales end in acute re- 
flexed points. 
Both thefe trees may be propagated by feeds, layers, 
or cuttings. The firft fort is commonly propagated 
by cuttings •, thefe fhould be planted in September, 
upon a fhady border and in a loamy foil ; the cut- 
tings fhould be chofen from the fhoots of the fame 
year, with a fmall joint of the former year’s wood 
at the bottom of each. Thefe fhould be planted three 
or four inches deep, in proportion to their length, 
treading the ground clofe to them, to prevent the 
admiffion of air. If the following fpring fhould 
prove dry, there fhould be a little mulch laid over the 
furface of the ground to prevent its drying ; where 
this is performed in time, it will fave the trouble of 
watering the cuttings, and ft will be much better 
for them, becaufe when thefe are putting out their 
young fibres, if they are much watered, it will rot 
them while they are tender. Thefe cuttings will be 
rooted enough to tranfplant by the next autumn, when 
they may be either planted in beds, or in nurfery rows 
to be trained up. 
When they are propagated by layers, the young 
branches only fhould be laid down in autumn, which 
will alfo put cut roots by the next autumn, when they 
may be taken up, and tranfplanted in the fame man- 
ner as thofe raifed from cuttings: but although thefe 
are very expeditious methods of propagating this tree, 
yet thofe who are defirous to have large trees, fhould 
always propagate them by feeds, for the plants fo 
raifed will be much preferable to the other. 
There is a variety of the firft fort with variegated 
leaves, which fome people keep in their gardens for 
the fake of variety ^ but as this proceeds from a weak- 
nefs in the plants, fo whenever the plants become 
ftrong and vigorous, they always return to their plain 
colour again, to prevent which they generally plant 
them in very poor ground. This variety can only be 
preferved by propagating the plants either by cuttings 
or layers. 
The China fort is generally propagated by layers in 
the fame way as the former ; but the cuttings of this, 
if rightly managed, will take root very freely ; but 
moil people have over-nurfed them. If thefe are 
planted in September in a border of foft loam, ex- 
pofed to the eafl, and before hard frofl fets in, and the 
furface of the ground covered with old tanners bark 
about two inches thick, it will prevent the froft from 
penetrating the ground very deep ; and if this remains 
in the fpring, it will alfo keep the ground moift ; 
for if thefe cuttings, or the layers of this fort are wa- 
tered in the fpring, when they are beginning to put 
out young fibres, it will certainly rot them, as I have 
frequently experienced } therefore I advife every one 
not to water thefe cuttings or layers, nor fhould the: 
plants be much watered when they are tranfplanted, 
for the fame reafon : but as there are many plants 
now in England which ripen their feeds, fo thofe who 
can be fupplied with them fhould prefer this to both 
the other methods of propagating. the plants •, for, af- 
ter the two firft years, the feedling plants will great! v 
outftrip the other in growth, and the plants growing 
with their branches clofer, will be much handiomer.^ 
Thefe feeds fhould be fcw.n foon after they are ripe, 
which is in the fpring. Thefe fhould be fown in pots 
filled with foft loamy earth, and plunged into the 
ground in an eaft border, where they may have only 
the morning fun, obferving always to keep the pots 
clean from weeds. Sometimes thefe feeds will come 
up the fame year, but they often lie in the ground 
till the next fpring •, therefore the pots fhould be put 
in a common hot- bed frame in winter, and in the 
fpring the plants will come up ; thefe muftnot be too 
much expofed to the fun the firft year, and if in the 
next winter they are fheltered under a frame, it will 
be a good way to preferve them, and the fpring fol- 
lowing they may be tranfplanted into beds, and treated 
in the fame way as thofe propagated by cuttings. , 
THYMBRA. Lin. Gen. Plant. 627. 
The Characters are, 
It has an empalement of one leaf whofe brim is cut into 
into two lips ■, the upper lip is broad , and has three equal 
points s the under is narrow , and cut into two parts. 
The flower is of one petal , of the lip kind. 'The upper 
lip is concave , and cut into two obtufe fegments. The 
lower lip ends with three almofl equal points ; it has four 
fender flamina , the two under being ft. barter than the other , 
terminated by twin fummits under the upper lip , and a 
four-pointed germen fupporting a fender half bifid fiyle , 
crowned by acute fligmas. The germen afterward become 
four feeds which ripen in the empalement. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedtion of 
Linnaeus’s fourteendi clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whofe flowers have two long and two fhorter flamina, 
and the feeds ripen in the empalement. 
The Species are, 
1. Thymbra ( Spicata ) floribus fpicatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 
569. Thymbra with fpiked flowers. Llyflbpum monta- 
num, Macedonicum, valerandi dourez. I. B. 3. 2. 
276. Mountain Macedonian Hyffop. 
2. Thymbra ( Verticillata ) floribus verticillatis. Lin. Sp. 
Plant. 569. Thymbra with whorled flowers. Hyflbpus 
anguftifolia, montana, afpera. C. B. P. 218. Roughs 
narrow-leaved , Mountain Hyjfop. 
The firft fort grows naturally on Mount Libanus, in 
Macedonia, and in Spain ; it is a low fhrubby plant 
like Heath, branching out into (lender ligneous llalks 
which are fix or eight inches long, covered with a 
brown bark, and garnifhed with narrow acute-pointed 
leaves about half an inch long, fitting clofe to the 
flalks oppofite ; they have an aromatic odour when 
bruifed. The flalks are terminated by thick clofe 
fpikes of purple flowers, near two inches long. The 
empalements are ftiff and hairy ; they are cut half 
their length into acute fegments, out of thefe the 
flowers peep, with their two lips •, the upper is con- 
cave and arched, the under is cut into three equal por- 
tions, and thefe are a little reflexed. Thefe appear 
in June and July, and in warm feafons they are fome- 
times fucceeded by feeds which ripen in autumn. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in Spain and Italy ; 
this has a fhrubby flalk which felaom rifes much more 
than a foot high, putting out many fmall ligneous 
branches, which are garnifhed with narrow fpear-fhaped 
leaves which have many pundbures ; they Hand oppo- 
fite, and are of an aromatic flavour. The flowers 
grow in whorled fpikes at the end of the branches. The 
leaves which fland under each whorl are broader than 
thofe below, and are covered with fine hairs. The 
flowers are purple, and fit clofe to the flalks •, the 
upper lip is concave and ends with two obtufe points, 
the lower ends with three equal points. Thefe appear 
about the fame time with the other, and in warm fea- 
fons the feeds ripen in England. 
Thefe 
