T R I 
good for all kinds of tumours and fwellings, to which 
purpofe the farina or powder is very effectual. Far- 
riers and grooms make much ufe of it in drinks for 
horles •, but thefe feeds are too hard to be pounded 
in a mortar, fo they fhould be ground in a mill. 
TRILLIUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. 412. Solanum. C. 
B. P. American Herb Paris. 
The Characters are, 
The flower has a three-leaved, flpreading empalement which 
is permanent , and three oval petals which are very little 
larger than the empalemsnt \ it has fix azvlfloaped Jla- 
mina which are floorter than the petals , ereA, and ter- 
minated by oblong fummits which are the length of the fta- 
rnina , and a ronndijh germen with three fender flyles 
which are recurved , crowned by Jingle Jligmas. The ger- 
men afterward becomes a roundifh berry with three cells , 
filled with roundifh feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the third fedtion of 
Linnaeus’s fixth clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whole flowers have fix ftamina and three ftyles. 
The Species are, 
1. Trillium (Cernuum) flore pedunculato cernuo. Lin. 
Sp. Plant. 339. Trillium with a nodding flower growing 
upon a foot-ftalk. Solanum Triphyllum, flore hexape- 
talo carneo. Catefb. Car. vol. 1. p. 45. Three-leaved 
Nightjhade , with a fiejh-coloured flower having fix petals. 
2. Trillium ( Ere Aim ) flore pedunculato eredto. Lin. 
Sp. Plant. 340. Trillium with a flower growing erect 
upon afoot-ftadk. Solanum triphyllum Canadenfe. Cor- 
nut. 166. Three-leaved Canada Nightjhade. 
3. Trillium ( Sefiile ) flore feflili erefto. Lin. Sp. Plant. 
340. Trillium with an ereti flower having no foot-ftalk. 
Solanum triphyllum flore hexapetalo tribus petalis 
purpureis, cteteris viridibus reflexis. Catefb. Car. 1. 
p. 50. Three-leaved American Nightjhade with a flower 
of fix petals , three of which are purple-coloured , and the 
other green and reflexed. 
Thefe plants grow naturally in the woods in many 
parts of North America ; the firft was fent me from 
Philadelphia by Dr. Benfel, who found it growing in 
plenty there. The root of this plant is tuberous, 
tending out many fibres •, the ftalk is fingle, naked, 
and rifes five or fix inches high, with three oval leaves 
placed at the top upon fhort foot-ftalks, which fpread 
out in a triangle ; thefe are two inches long, and an 
inch and a half broad, fmooth, and of a deep green 
colour. From the center of the foot-ftalks of the 
three leaves comes out one flower upon a fhort foot- 
ftalk, which nods downward •, this has a three-leaved 
green empalement which fpreads open, and within 
are three petals about the fize of the empalement; 
they are of a whitilh green on their outfide, and pur- 
ple v.'ithin, having fix ftamina in the center, furround- 
ing the ftyle, which have oblong fummits. The 
flowers of this appear in April, and are fucceeded by 
roundifh fucculent berries, having three cells filled 
with roundifh feeds, which ripen in June. 
The fecond fort has a taller ftalk than the firft. The 
three leaves are placed at a diftance from the flower, 
which Hands upon a long foot-ftalk, and is eredl ; the 
petals of the flower are larger, and end with fharper 
points. 
The third fort grows in fhady thickets in Carolina. 
The ftalk of this is purple ; the three leaves grow at 
the top like the firft, but they are much longer, and 
end in acute points ; the petals of the flowers are long, 
narrow, and ftand eredt. 
Thefe plants are propagated by feeds, which fhould 
be fown upon a fhady border foon after they are ripe, 
and then the young plants will come up the next 
fpring •, but if the feeds are fown in the fpring, they 
will remain in the ground a year. When the plants 
come up they rnuft be kept clean from weeds, and 
in autumn, after their leaves decay, the roots may 
be tranfplanted to a moift fhady place, where they are 
to remain. 
TRIOSTEUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. 211. Triofteof- 
permum. Dillen. Flort. Elth. Dr. Tinkar’s Weed, or 
ffalfe Ipecacuana. 
The Cha racters are, > 
1 he flower has a permanent empalement . of one leaf cut 
into five figment which are the length of the petal •, and 
a tub ulcus flower of one petals with a floor t brim cut into 
five parts which ftand ere A •, and five, fender ftamina the 
length of toe tube , terminated by oblong fummits , with a 
roundifh germen fupporting a cylindrical Jlyle, crowned by 
a thick fligma. The germen afterward becomes an oval 
berry zvith three cells , each including one hard , three-cor- 
nered . , obtufe feed. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedion of 
Linnaeus’s fifth clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whole flowers have five ftamina and one ftyle. 
The Species are, 
1. Triosteum ( Perfoliatum ) floribus verticillatis feffi- 
libus. Lin. Sp. Plant. 176. Triofteum with flowers 
growing in whorls , and flitting clofe to the ftalks. Tri- 
ofteoipermum latiore folio, flore rutilo. Hort. Elth. 
Broad-leaved Triofteoflpermum zvith a reddiflo flower , com- 
monly called Dr. Tinkar’s JVeed , or falfle Ipecacuana. 
2. Triosteum (Anguft folium) floribus oppofitis pedun- 
culatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 175. Triofteum with flowers 
grozving oppoflte , having Jcot-flalks. Periclymenum 
herbaceum redum Virginianum. Pluk. Aim. 287. 
Upright , herbaceous , Virginian Honeyfuckle. 
The firft fort grows naturally in the woods in mod 
parts of North America •, this has a root compoled of 
thick flelhy fibres, which are contored and rough, 
Irom which fpring feveral ftrong herbaceous ftalks, 
rifing a foot and a half high, garnifhed at each joint 
by two oblong broad leaves embracing the ftalk. 
From the bofoms of thefe come out the flowers in 
whorls, fitting very clofe to the ftalks ; thefe have em- 
paiements which are cut into five fegments. The 
flowers are fmall, tubulous, and cut flightly at the 
brim into five obtufe fegments they are of a dark 
red colour, inclining to purple •, thefe appear the be- 
ginning of June, and are fucceeded: by roundifh ber- 
ries, which turn yellow when ripe ; they have three 
cells, in each of which is contained one hard feed. 
The root is perennial, but the ftalks decay every 
autumn. 
The fecond fort differs from the firft in its leaves be- 
ing longer and narrower. The flowers ftand fingle 
upon Ihort foot-ftalks, and there are but two at each 
joint, whereas the other has many growing in whorls 
round the ftalks ; but the roots of both are indiffe- 
rently ufed in America by the title of Dr. Tinkar’s 
Weed. 
Both thefe plants are natives of New England, Vir- 
ginia, and fome other northern parts of America, 
where their roots have been frequently ufed as an 
emetic, and are commonly called Ipecacuana. One 
of the firft perfons who brought their roots into ufe 
was Dr. Tinkar, from whence many of the inhabitants 
have called them by the name of Dr. Tinkar’s Weed. 
The leaves of the firft fort greatly refemble thofe of 
the true Ipecacuana, but the roots are of a different 
form ; but fo far as I can judge by the imperfedt 
fruit of a fpecimen in my collection of die true Ipe- 
cacuana, as alfo by the figure and defeription given 
by Pifo in his Hiftory of Brafil, it feems to belong to 
this genus. 
The firft fort grows on low marftiy grounds, near Bof- 
ton in New England, very plentifully, where the roots 
are taken up every year, and are continued in ufe 
atnongft the inhabitants of Bofton. 
This plant is preferved in feveral curious gardens in 
England, and is hardy enough to thrive in the open 
air, but it fhould be planted on a moift light foil ; 
for if it is on dry ground, there muft be care, taken to 
water the plants conftantly in dry weather, otherwife 
they will not thrive. It may be propagated by feeds, 
which fhould be fown on a border of light earth, where 
the morning fun only comes on it ; but if the feeds 
are fown in the fpring, they will remain in the ground 
a whole year before the plants will come up, fo that 
during this time the border muft be conftantly kept 
clear from weeds ; and the following fpring, when 
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