compofed of five large oval petals, whofe tails are 
twifted and join thefe are fucceeded by (horn tubu- 
lar capfules having one cell, which opens at the top 
with three valves which turn back, and let out the 
feeds. 
The firft fort has a fhrubby ftalk like the fecond, and 
rifes to the fame height. The branches of this are 
fender, and differ than thofe of the former. The 
leaves are oval, fpear-fhaped, two inches and a half 
long, and an inch and a half broad, rough on their 
upper fide, and of a lucid green •, their under fide 
has many ftrong veins, and is of a lighter green ; 
they are fawed on their edges, and have longer foot- 
ftalks than thofe of the fecond fpecies, and Hand much 
farther afunder on the branches. The flowers fit 
clofe upon the foot-ftalks of the leaves, in like man- 
ner as the former, but the flowers are larger and of 
a brighter yellow than thofe of the former. Thefe 
differences remain conftant, and never alter when 
railed from feeds ; fo that from near thirty years ex- 
perience in lowing the feeds, I may pronounce them 
different fpecies. 
Thefe plants are eafily propagated by fowing their 
feeds on a hot-bed early in the fpring, and when the 
plants are come up two inches high, they fhould be 
tranfplanted into fmall pots, and plunged into a hot- 
bed of tanners bark, obferving to water and ffiade 
them until they have taken root ; after which they 
muff be treated as hath been di relied for the Guavas, 
and other tender plants from the fame countries, to 
which the reader is defired to turn to avoid repetition. 
The feeds of thefe plants will often fall into the pots 
which are placed near them in the flove, which will 
grow, and foon furnifh plants enough, after a perfon 
is once poffeffed of them. As they are too tender to 
live in the open air in England, they muff be placed 
in the bark-bed in the flove, where, during the winter 
feafon, they muff be kept warm and frequently water- 
ed ; but in the fummer feafon, they muff have a great 
lhare of air, otherwife they will draw up tender, and 
not produce many flowers. 
When the plants are grown pretty large, they may be 
treated more hardily, by placing them in the dry ftovej 
where, if they are kept in a moderate degree of heat, 
they will thrive and flower very well. Thofe who 
would fave the feeds of thefe plants, muff watch them 
carefully, becaufe, when they are ripe, they foon fcat- 
ter if they are not gathered. 
Thefe plants produce their flowers great part of the 
year, if they are kept in a proper degree of warmth, 
fo that there are fome of the flowers in beauty for at 
leaft nine or ten months, which renders the plants 
more valuable. 
TURNSOLE. See Heliotropium. 
TURRIT IS. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 223. Dillen. Gen. 
Nov. 6. Lin. Gen. Plant. 733. Tower Muftard. 
The Characters are. 
The empalement of the flower is compofed of four oblong 
oval leaves , which are eredl, and clofe together. 'The 
flower has four oblong, oval , entire petals, placed in form 
of a crofs, and fix eredi awl-fhaped flamina the length of 
the tube, two of which are Jhorter than the other, termi- 
nated by fingle fummits , and a taper germen a little com- 
prejfed, having no ftyle, but is crowned by an obtufe ftigma. 
The germen afterward becomes a long four-cornered, pod 
with two cells, which are divided by an intermediate par- 
tition opening -with two valves, and filled with fmall, round- 
iflj indented feed. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond febtion 
of Linnaeus’s fifteenth dais, which contains the plants 
whofe flowers have four long and two ffiorter ftamina, 
and the feeds are included in long pods. 
The Species are, 
1. Turritis ( Glabra ) foliis radicalibus dentatis hifpidis, 
cauliois integerrimis amplexicaulibus glabris. Hort. 
Cliff. 3 3 9 . T ower Muftard with hifpid lower leaves which 
are indented, and the upper ones frnooth , entire, and em- 
bracing the ftalk. Turritis foliis inferioribus cichora- 
ceis cteteris perfoliate. Tourn. Inft. 224. Tower Muf- 
tard with under leaves like Cicory, - and the upper like 
Thoroughwax. 
2. Turritis [Hirfutd) foliis omnibus hifpidis, caulinis 
amplexicaulibus. Hort. Cliff. 339. Tower Muftard with 
all the leaves prickly, and the upper ones embracing the 
ftalk. Eryfimo fimilis hirfuta, non laciniata alba, 
C. B. P. 1 01. A hairy plant refembling Hedge Muftard, 
but the leaves not jagged. 
The firft fort grows naturally in feveral parts of Eno-- 
land, upon walls and dry banks ; this hath its lower 
leaves much jagged on their edges, and are rough to 
the touch. The (talks rife a foot and a half high, 
and are garnifhed with frnooth grayiffi leaves, two ' 
inches long, and three quarters of an inch broad at 
their bale, ending in points ; thefe embrace the (talks 
with their bafe. The upper part of the ftalk has 
(lender branches proceeding from the wings of the 
leaves, which fuftain tufts of fmall white flowers, 
having four petals placed in form of a crofs. Thefe 
appear in June, and are fucceeded by long, fiender, 
compreffed, four-cornered pods, which grow erect 
clofe to the ftalk, and are filled v/ith fmall feeds which 
ripen in Auguft. 
The fecond (brt grows naturally upon old walls and 
buildings in the northern parts of England ; the lower 
leaves are (haped like thofe of theDaify, but are rough. 
The (talks rife eight or ten inches high, which are 
garnifhed with oval leaves, whofe bales embrace the 
(talks ; they are as rough as the lower leaves. The 
upper part of the (talks branch into (lender ftalks, 
which fuftain (hort fpikes of white flowers like thofe 
of the former fort, which are fucceeded by fiender- 
pods' having four corners, which are ffiorter than thofe 
of the firft fort. This plant flowers earlier than the 
firft, and the feeds are ripe in July. 
Thefe plants are fometimes kept in gardens for the 
fake of variety ; but if their feeds are Scattered upon 
an old wall or building, in autumn, foon after they 
are ripe, the plants will come up and thrive without 
farther care, and their feeds will fcatter on the walls 
and fpread, fo there will be no danger of the plants 
maintaining the fituation, if they are not purpofelv 
deftroyed. 
The other fpecies are referred to Arabis, Brafffca, 
and Hefperis, under which articles they will be found. 
TUSSILAGO. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 487. tab. 276. 
Lin. Gen. Plant. 856. Colt’s-foot. ‘ 
The Characters are, 
The flower has one common cylindrical empalement , whofe 
f codes are linear , fpear-ftcaped , and equal. The flower is 1 
made up of hermaphrodite florets, which compofe the dftk, 
and female half florets which form the rays or border. 
The hermaphrodite florets are funncl-ftoaped, and cut at 
the brim into five fegments ; thefe have five fhort hair-like 
ftamina, terminated by cylindrical fummits i and a fhort 
crowned germen fupporting a fender ftyle , crowned by a 
thick ftigma. The germen afterward becomes an oblong « 
comprefled feed, crowned with a hairy down. The female 
half florets are ftretched out on one fide with a narrow 
tongue-jhaped fegment thefe have no ftamina, ~ but have 
a fiber t crowned germen, which turns to a feed like thofe of 
the hermaphrodite florets, which ripen in the empalement. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond left ion 
of Linnaeus’s nineteenth clafs, which includes thofe 
plants whofe flowers are compofed of hermaphrodite 
and female florets, which are all fruitful. 
The Species are, 
1. Tussilago ( Farfara ) fcapo imbricato unifloro, foliis 
fubcordatis, angulatis denticulatis. Lin. Hort. Cliff 
41 1. Colds foot with an imbricated ftalk bearing one 
flower, and angular indented- leaves which are nearly heart - 
jhaped. Tuffilago vulgaris. €. B. P. 1 97. Common 
Colds f cot. 
2. Tussilago ( An an dr i a ) fcapo unifloro, fubfquamofo 
erebto, foliis lyrato ovatis-. Lin. Sp. 865. Colds foot 
with one flower on each ftalk, and oval lyref haped leaves. 
Tuffilago fcapo unifloro, calyce ciaufo. Hort. Upfal, 
259. Cold s-foot with one flower on each ftalk , and a cleft d 
empalement. 
3. Tvs- 
