T U S 
3. Tussilago (. Atpina ) fcapo fubnudo unifloro, foliis 
cordato-orbiculatis crenads. Hort. Cliff. 41 ,1. Colts- 
foot with an almoft naked Jlalk hearing one flower, and or- 
bicular, heart-floaped, crenated leaves. Tuffilago Alpina 
rotundifolia glabra. C. B. Pi 197* Round-leaded 
fmooth Coltsfoot of the Alps. 
The firft of thefe forts is very common in watery 
places in almoft every part of England, and is rarely 
kept in gardens j for the roots creep under ground, 
and increafe fo faft, that in a fhort time they will 
fpread over a large fpotof ground. This plant is fo 
well known as to need no defcription. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in Siberia ; this is a 
very low plant, whofe leaves grow clofe to the ground j 
they are of an oval form, and indented on the Tides 
like a lute. The flowers ftand upon fhort foot-ftalks 
which rife between the leaves, and are three or four 
inches long, each fuftaining one flower at the top, of 
a dirty purplifh colour. Thefe appear early in the 
fpring, and are fucceeded.by downy feeds which ri- 
pen in June. . . ' 
The third fort grows naturally on the Alps ; this is a 
T Y P 
low perennial plant, whofe leaves are rotind, and in- 
dented at the foot-ftalk in form of a heart, and their 
edges are crenated •, their upper furface is fmooth, anti 
of a bright green colour ; their under Aides are a little 
downy and whitilh •, their foot-ftalks arife from the 
ground, and are three inches long. The foot-ftalks 
of the flowers which arife from the root are fouf 
inches long, woolly, and fuftain one purplifh flower 
at the top, which is made up of hermaphrodite and 
female florets, like thofe of the other forts. 
The two laft are frequently kept in gardens for the 
fake of variety ; they are eafily propagated by parting 
their roots in autumn, and muft be planted in a moift 
fhady border, where they will thrive, and require no 
farther care but to keep them clean from weeds. 
TYPHA, Cat’s-tail, or Reed-mace. 
Of this there are two fpecies, which grow naturally in 
{landing waters in many parts of England, one with 
broad, the other with narrow leaves ; but as thefe 
plants will not live in dry ground, fo it will be to no 
purpofe to trouble the reader farther about them,; 
V. 
VAC 
ACC ARIA. See Saponaria. 
VACCINIUM. Lin. Gem Plant. 434. 
Vitis. Idaea. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 607. tab. 
377. The Bill-berry, Whortle-berry, or 
Cran-berry ; in French, Air elle, or Myrtille. 
The Characters are, 
Rhe flower has a fnall permanent empalement fitting upon 
the germen \ it is bell-Jhaped , of one petal, which is flightly 
cut into four fegments at the brim, which turn backward ; 
it has eight ftamina, which are terminated by horned fum- 
mits having two awns on their backfide which fpread 
afunder \ the points open. \ The germen is fituated below 
the flower, fupporting a flngle fiyle longer than the ftamina, 
crowned by an obtufe ftigma ; . it afterward turns to an 
umbilicated globular berry with four cells, containing a few 
fmall feeds. 
This genus is placed in the firft fedlion of Linnaeus’s 
eighth clafs, which includes thofe plants whofe flowers 
have eight ftamina and one ftyle. 
1. Vaccinium ( Myrtillus ) pedunculis unifloris, foliis 
ovatis ferratis deciduis, caule angulato. Flor. Lapp. 
143. Whortle-berry with one flower upon each foot- 
. Jlalk, oval flawed leaves which fall off in winter , and an 
angular Jlalk. Vitis Idaea foliis oblongis crenatis, frucftu 
nigricante. C. B. P. 470. Black Whorts , Whortle-ber- 
ries , or Bill-berries. 
2. Vaccinium ( Vitis I da a) racemis terminalibus, nu- 
tantibus, foliis obovatis revolutis integerrimis fubtus 
punclatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 351. Whortle-berry with 
nodding branches of flowers terminating the branches, and 
oval leaves "which are entire, turned back, and pun Slur ed on 
their under fide. Vitis Idaea foliis fubrotundis non 
crenatis, baccis rubris. C. B. P. 470. Red Whorts, or 
Whor tie-berries. 
3. Vaccinium (. Penfylvanica ) foliis ovatis mucronatis, 
fioribus alaribus nutantibus. Whortle-berries with oval- 
pointed leaves , and nodding flowers proceeding from the 
wings of the ftalks. Vitis Idaea myrtinis foliis, flofcu- 
lis dependentibus, Pluk. Phyt. tab. 321. fig. 4. 
VAC 
Whortle-berries with Myrtle leaves , and fmall depending 
flowers. 
4. Vaccinium ( Hifpidulum ) foliis integerrimis revolutis 
ovatis, caulibus repentibus, filiformibus, hifpidis. 
Lin. Sp. Plant. 352. Whortle-berries with oval entire 
leaves turning back , and a Jlender, creeping , briftly Jlalk . 
Vitis Idaea paluftris Virginiana, frudlu majore. Raii 
Hift. 685. Marflj Virginia Whorts with a larger fruit. 
5. Vaccinium ( Oxycoccos ) foliis integerrimis revolutis 
ovatis, caulibus repentibus filiformis nudis. Lin. Sp. 
Plant. 351. Whortle-berries with oval , entire , reflexed 
leaves, and naked, Jlender, creeping ftalks. Oxycoccus 
feu vaccinia paluftris. J. B. i. p. 525. Whortle-berries , 
Mofs-berries, or Moor-berries ; by fome called Cran- 
berries. 
The firft fort grows very common upon large wild 
heaths in many parts of England, but is never culti- 
vated in gardens, it being with great difficulty tranf- 
planted ; nor will it thrive long when it is removed 
thither, for from many trials which I have made, by 
taking up the plants at different feafons with balls of 
earth to their roots and planting them in gardens, I 
could never fucceed fo as to preferve the plants above 
two years, and thofe never produced any fruit, fo that 
it is not worth the trouble of cultivating. 
The fruit of this fort is gathered by the poor inha-* 
bitants of thofe villages which are fituated in the neigh- 
bourhood of their growth, and carried to the market- 
towns. Thefe are by fome eaten with cream or milk ; 
they are alfo put into tarts, and much efteemed by the 
people in the north, but they are feldom brought to 
London. The fhrub on which thefe grow rifes about 
two feet high, having many ftems, which are garniffied 
with oblong leaves, fhaped like thofe of the Box-tree, 
but fomewhat longer, and are a little fa wed on their 
edges. The flowers are fhaped like thofe of the Ar- 
butus, or Strawberry-tree, of a greenifh white co- 
lour, changing to a dark red toward the top. The 
fruit are about the fize of large Juniper-berries, and 
13 P of 
