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tliefc have a down, by which they are tranfportfed to a 
good diftance. 
There is a variety of this with white flowers, and one 
with pale flefh-coloured flowers, but they do not differ 
in any other refpedt. 
It is eafily propagated by parting of the roots in au- 
tumn, or by lowing of the feeds foon after they are 
ripe, in a lhady border, where the plants will fome- 
times come up the fame autumn, efpecially if the 
feafon proves moift, otherwife they will not appear 
till the following fpring. When thefe are fit to remove, 
they fhould be tranfplanted into beds at about nine 
inches or a foot afunder, obferving to water them till 
they have taken new root •, after which they will re- 
quire no farther care but to keep them clear from 
weeds, and in autumn they mull be tranfplanted where 
they are to remain, 
Thefe plants grow large, therefore fliould have room, 
fo are not proper furniture for fmall gardens. When 
the feeds of thefe plants light on joints of old walls 
or buildings, the plants will come up, and thrive 
as well as in the ground, and will continue much 
longer, fo the feeds may be fcattered between the 
{tones of grottos and fuch like buildings, where the 
plants will flower from May till the froft flops them, 
and will make a good appearance. 
The fourth fort grows about Montpelier, and upon 
Mount Baldus in Italy. The root of this is ligneous, 
but not fo large as that of the former fort ; the ftalks 
•rife two feet high or better, and branch out on each 
fide from the root to within fix inches of the top ; 
thefe are garnifhed with leaves which are three or four 
inches long, but are as narrow as thofe of Flax. The 
upper part of the ftalk is naked, and terminated by a 
compact clufter of bright red flowers fhaped like thofe 
of the former fort, but fmaller. This flowers about 
the fame time as the laft, and may be propagated in 
the fame way. 
The fifth fort grows naturally in Spain and Portugal ; 
it is an annual plant, which perifhes foon after the feeds 
are ripe. The lower leaves, which fpread on the 
ground, are cut into many obtufe fegments ; the ftalks, 
when the plants are in good ground, will rife near a 
foot and a half high, but upon dry ftony foils not half 
fo high, and when they grow out of the joints of old 
walls, not more than three inches high ; thefe are hol- 
low, fmooth, and round, fending out branches by 
pairs from the upper joints; they are garniflhed with 
wing-pointed leaves, whofe lobes or fegments are very 
narrow. The ftalk and branches are terminted by 
tufts of flowers fhaped like thofe of the Garden Vale- 
rian, but are fmaller, and have a fiefh-coloured tino-e 
at the top. The leeds have a down, which helps to 
fpread them, fo it propagates without care. 
The fixth fort grows naturally on the Pyrenean 
Mountains ; this has a fibrous perennial root, from 
which come out many heart-fliaped leaves, ftanding 
upon foot-ftalks more than a foot in length. The 
leaves are four inches over each way ; they are bluntly 
fawed on their edges, of a bright green on their upper 
fide, and fmooth, but their under fide is pale, and a 
little hairy. The ftalks rife three feet high ; they are 
hollow, channelled, and fend out branches oppoflte 
toward the top, and are garnifhed with leaves placed 
oppoflte, which are fhaped like thofe below, but are 
a little pointed •, and frequently at the top there are 
three leaves placed round the ftalks, ftanding upon 
Abort foot-ftalks. The ftalk and branches are termi- 
nated by pale flefh -coloured flowers, difpofed inform 
of umbels, Which have very fhort fpurs or heels. It 
flowers in June, and the feeds ripen in Auguft, which 
are crowned with down, whereby they are tranfported 
to a diftance. 
This plant delights in fhade and a moift foil ; it may 
be propagated by fowing of the feeds on a fhady bor- 
der foon after they are ripe, and when the plants 
come up, they fhould be treated in the fame way as 
is before directed for the third fort. 
The feventh fort grows naturally upon the Alps and Sy- 
rian Mountains ; this was fent me by Dr* AHione from 
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Turin, who gathered it on the Alps near that place ; 
it is a very humble plant. The ftalks trail upon the 
ground among the Mol's, and put out roots at their 
joints, which fwell into knobs or tubers. 
The leaves are oblong, oval, and entire ; the flower- 
ftalks rife three or four inches high, and are garnifhed 
with two or three pair of fmall oval leaves ; the 
flowers are fmall, of a pale incarnate colour, and are 
formed in a loofe fpike fitting very clofe to the ftalk. 
It flowers in June, but does not produce feeds here; 
This plant is difficult to preferve in gardens, for it na- 
turally grows upon rocky mountains which are co- 
vered with Mols, where the fnow continues fix or fe- 
ven months, fo it requires a very cold fituation and 
a ftony foil. 
The eighth fort grows naturally in Siberia; this is a " 
biennial plant, v/hich flowers and produces feeds the 
fecond year and then decays. The leaves of this 
are winged ; the lobes of the lower leaves are oblong, 
oval, and end in roundifh points ; the ftalks rife a foot 
high, and are garnifhed with leaves compofed of four 
or five pair of lobes, terminated by a broad one, which 
is cut into three or five points. The lobes of thefe 
are acute-pointed ; thefe leaves are placed by pairs, 
and fit clofe to the ftalks ; they are fmooth, and of 
a pale yellowiffi colour. The upper part of the ftalk 
has two pair of branches ; the lower pair are near 
three inches long, but the upper are not half that 
length : thefe, and alfo the principal ftalk, are termi- 
nated by bright yellow flowers collefted in a fort of 
umbel, which are fhaped like thofe of the firft fort. 
It flowers in July, and the feeds ripen in autumn ; it 
is propagated by feeds, which fhould be fown where 
the plants are to remain ; this may be performed either 
in autumn, foon after they are ripe, or in the fpring; 
they have fucceeded with me equally at both feafons. 
When the plants come up, they muft be thinned 
where they are too clofe, and kept clean from weeds, 
which is all the culture they require. 
The ninth fort is is the common Corn-fallad which is 
cultivated in gardens, but is found growing naturally 
upon arable land among the Corn in many parts of 
England ; this is an annual plant, which dies when it 
has perfected its feeds. The lower leaves of this are 
oblong, and broad at their points, which are rounded, 
and narrowed at their bafe, where they embrace each 
other ; thefe are from three quarters of an inch to two 
inches long, in proportion to the goodnefs of the ground. 
From between the leaves arifes an angular ftalk, from 
three to eight or nine inches high, which divides 
into two branches which fpread from each other, and 
thefe both divide again into two other in like manner. 
The ftalks are garnifhed with leaves fhaped like thofe 
at the bottom, but are fmaller ; thefe are placed by 
pairs at each joint. The branches are terminated by 
clufters of white flowers, fhaped like thofe of the other 
fpecies, which are fucceeded by pretty large roundifh 
feeds a little comprefledon one fide. It flowers in June, 
and the feeds ripen in Auguft, which are very apt to 
drop before they have changed colour. 
It is propagated as a fallad herb for the fpring, but 
having a ftrong tafte which is not agreeable to many 
palates, it is not fo much in ufe as it was for- 
merly : it is propagated by feeds, which fhould be 
fown in autumn on the fpot where they are to grow 
for ufe. If they are fown the latter end of Auguft, the 
firft rains will bring up the plants ; thefe fhould be 
hoed to thin them where they are too clofe, and to de- 
ftroy the weeds. Early in the fpring the plants will 
be fit for ufe. The younger the plants are when 
ufed, the lefs ftrong will be their tafte, fo they may 
fupply the table in a fcarcity of other herbs. When 
the feeds of this fort are fown in the fpring, if the 
feafon proves dry, the plants will not appear till au- 
tumn or the fpring following ; befldes, in fummer the 
herb is not fit for ufe. I have known the feeds of this 
plant lie in the ground many years when they have 
happened to be buried deep, and upon being turned 
up to the air, the plants will come up as thick as if 
the feeds had been newly fown. 
There 
