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feet high ; the lower part is garnillied with fmaller 
-leaves of the fame fhape with thofe below ; the upper 
part is garnifhed with pale yellow flowers difpofed in a 
loofe fpike, having fmall leaves intermixed with the 
flowers the whole length. This flowers and ripens its 
feeds about the fame time with the former. 
The fifth fort has oval leaves which terminate in a 
point ; they are of a yellowifh green colour, and woolly 
on both fides. The Italics rife about four feet high ; 
they are of a purplifh colour, covered with a hoary 
down. The flowers fit very clofe to the (talk, form- 
ing a very thick fpike, having no leaves between 
them ; they are much larger than thofe of the firfl 
fort, and are of a deeper yellow colour. It flowers 
and ripens its feeds about the fame time as the former. 
The fixth fort grows naturally in feveral parts of 
England. The lower leaves of this are fpear-fhaped, 
and rounded at the foot-ftalk, where they are indented 
like a heart ; they are of a pale green on their upper 
fide, and hoary on their under, indented on their edges-, 
thofe upon the ftalk are oblong, acute-pointed, and 
fawed. The flalks rife three or four feet high, the 
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upper part ending in a long fpike of yellow flowers, 
which are formed in fhort fpikes or clufters on the 
fide of the principal ftalk ; thefe have purplifh fta- 
mina which are bearded ; they have an agreeable 
odour at a fmall diftance, but, if fmelt too near, be- 
come lefts agreeable. 
The feventh fort grows naturally in Italy and Greece, 
and alfo upon the rocks at Gibraltar. The lower 
leaves are oblong, finuated on their borders, a little 
"waved and hoary. The ftalk riles four or five feet 
high, fending out many {lender branches ; the lower 
part of the ftalk is garnifhed with heart-fhaped leaves, 
whole bafe embrace the ftalk the upper part of the 
ftalk and branches have no leaves, but the flowers are 
difpoied along their fides in fmall clufters at diflances; 
they are fmall, yellow, and have little odour. 
The eighth fort grows naturally in the fouth of France 
and Italy. The leaves of this are oblong, fmooth, 
and of a dark green colour; the ftalk rifes three or four 
feet high, and fends out two or three fide branches ; 
they are garnillied with oblong, fmooth, green leaves, 
whofe bafe embrace the ftalk. The flowers come out 
fingly from the fide of the ftalk, upon foot-ftalks an 
inch long ; they have one petal, cut into five obtufe 
legmen ts almoft to the bottom ; they are white within, 
and have a little blufti of red on the outfide : the 
feed-veffels of this fort are round, and filled with 
imall feeds. This flowers about the fame time as the 
former forts. 
The ninth fort grows naturally in fome parts of Eng- 
land ; this differs from the former, in the lower leaves 
being much longer ; they are alfo deeply finuated on 
their edges, in a regular manner, in imitation of the 
• rangement of the lobes of winged leaves ; they are of 
a brighter green colour than thofe of the former. The 
ftalks rife much taller ; the flowers are of a bright yel- 
low colour, and the ftamina, which are hairy, are of 
a purple colour. 
The tenth fort is commonly cultivated in gardens 
heie, and is commonly known by the title of Iron- 
coloured Moth Mullein ; this has a perennial root, in 
which it differs from all the former forts, though there 
are fome who fuppofe it to be only a variety of the laft 
mentioned, but it differs greatly from that in other 
yefpefts. The bottom leaves are oblong, oval, a little 
crenated on their edges, but are almoft entire; they are 
of a dark green on their upper fide, of a pale green on 
their under fide, (landing upon pretty long foot-ftalks. 
The ftalk rifes three or four feet high, branching out 
on each fide, and has a few (harp-pointed fmall leaves 
on the lower part, fitting clofe to the ftalk. The 
flowers are difpofed in a long loofe fpike on the upper 
part of the ftalk ; they come out upon fhort (lender 
foot-ftalks, three or four from the lower joints ; above 
thole there are two at each joint, and at the top they 
are fingle ; thefe are of one petal, cut almoft to the 
bottom into five obtufe fogments, and are of a rufty 
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iron colour, but are larger than thofe of the cdnimdrf 
fort. This plant flowers in July and Auguft, but 
does not produce feeds here. 
The eleventh fort grows naturally in Sicily, front 
whence the feeds were fent me ; this is a biennial plants 
which periflies foon after the feeds are ripe. Tile lower 
leaves of this are ten inches long, and two inches and 
a half broad, rounded at their points ; they are en- 
tire, and of a deep green on both fides. The ftalk is 
ftrong, and rifes five or fix feet high ; it is garniihed 
with fmall, acute-pointed, green leaves, whole bafe fits 
clofe to it. The flowers form a very long look; fpike 
at the top ; they ftand upon (lender foot-ftalks, which 
come out in clufters from the fide of the ftalk ; they 
are large, of a deep yellow colour, and are fucceecled 
by large round capfules which are brown, opening in 
two parts, and filled with fmall dark-coloured feeds. 
It flowers in July and Auguft. 
The twelfth fort grows naturally in Spain and Portu- 
gal. The root of this is perennial ; the leaves are 
oval, and of a light green colour ; they are entire, 
and a little hairy ; the ftalk rifes three feet high, and 
is almoft naked of leaves, but the flowers are ranged 
along it almoft the whole length, (landing upon fhort 
foot-ftalks, which for the mod part come out fingle. 
1 he flowers are of a dark blue inclining to purple ; 
thefe appear in June and July, but are not fucceeded 
by feeds here. 
1 he thirteenth fort grows naturally upon the Alps 
and Pyrenean Mountains ; this is a very humble plant. 
The roots of this are compofed of (lender fibres ; the 
leaves are thick, flelhy, and hairy ; they are oval* 
crenated on k their edges, and have compreffed hairy 
foot-ftalks ; thefe are fpread flat on the ground; Be- 
tween them arife (lender naked foot-ftalks about four 
inches long, which divide into three or four fmall ones 
at the top, each fuftaining one large blue flower, 
compofed of five oval petals which fpread open flat, 
and five thick ereft ftamina which ftand erefo. This 
flowers in May, and, after the flowers are pad, the 
germen turns to an oblong-pointed capfule whidi 
opens in two parts, and is filled with fmall feeds. 
The root of this is perennial, and the plant is ufu- 
ally propagated by offsets, which come out from the 
fide of the old plant ; thefe fhould be taken off in 
autumn, and planted in fmall pots filled with light 
fandy earth ; they muff always have a fhady jfituation, 
for they will not thrive when they are expofed to thefun. 
The firfl nine and the eleventh forts are biennial 
plants ; thefe may be all cultivated by fowing their 
feeds in Auguft, on a bed of light earth, in an open 
fituation, where the plants will fometimes come up 
the fucceeding month, and will endure the winter’s 
cold very well, provided they have a dry foil. In 
February the plants fhould be tranfplanted where 
they are to remain, allowing them a greater diftance ; 
for, as they grow pretty tall and large, they muft 
not be planted nearer than two feet afunder. In 
June following they will flower, and their feeds will 
be ripe in Auguft or September: as the feeds of thefe 
plants frequently lie in the ground a whole year, fo 
the ground fhould not be difturbed ; but notwith- 
ftanding fome of thefe plants grow wild in England, 
yet two or three of each kind may be admitted into 
large gardens, for the variety of their hoary leaves, 
together with the extreme fweetnefs of their flowers, 
which have a Icent fomewhat like Violet ; and, as 
they require little care, they may be allowed a place 
m the borders of large gardens, where, during their 
continuance in flower, they will add to the variety ; 
and, if tneir xeeds aie permitted to icatter, will come 
up without care, but the feventh fort feldom produces 
good feeds in England. 
Tl he tenth and twelfth forts have perennial roots,- 
and as they do not produce good feeds here, they 
are propagated by offsets * thefe fhould be taken off iri 
autumn, time enough to get good root before winter,- 
otherwife they will not flower the following fummer! 
Thefe plants thrive beft in a fandy loam, and fhould 
l 3 U be 
I 
4 
