r 
be planted on an eaft border, where they may have 
only the niorning fun, for they do not thrive well 
when they ate tod much expofed to the fun. 
VERBENA; Tourn. Inft. R. H. 200. tab. 94. Lin. 
Gen. Plant. 30. Vervain. 
The Characters are, 
T he flower has an angular , tuhulous , permanent empale- 
ment of one leaf indented ifo five parts at the brim •, it 
has one petal , with a cylindrical tube the length of the em- 
palement , which is recurved , and ciit into five points at 
the brim , which fpread open , and are nearly equal it has 
four very fhort briftly fiamiha within the tube , two of 
which are fhorter than the other , with as many ■ incurved 
fummits as ftamina , or number , with a four- 
cornered germen , fupporting a Jlender ftyle the length of 
the tube , crowned with an obtufe ftigma. The germen 
afterward become two or four oblong feeds clofely flout up 
in the empalement. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firfb fedlion of 
Linnaeus’s fecond clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whofe flowers have two ftamina and one ftyle. 
The Species are, 
1. Verbena ( Officinalis ) tetrandra, fpicis filiformibus 
panicuiatis, foliis multifido laciniatis, caule folita- 
rio. Lin. Sp. 20. Vervain with four ftamina, jlender fpikes 
of flowers difpofed in panicles , leaves having many- 
pointed jags , and a fingle Jlalk. Verbena communis, 
caeruleo flore. C. B. P. 269. Common Vervain with a 
blue flower. 
2. Verbena ( Haftata ) tetrandra, fpicis longis acumina- 
tis, foliis haftatis. Hort. Upfal. 8. Vervain with four 
ftamina to the flowers , long acute-pointed fpikes , and fpear- 
Jhaped leaves. Verbena Americana, fpica multiplici, 
foliis urticae anguftifftmis, floribus caeruleis. Prod. 
Par. Bat. American Vervain with many fpikes of blue 
flowers, and narrow Nettle leaves. 
3. Verbena (Supina) tetrandra, fpicis filiformibus foli- 
tariis, foliis bipinnatifidis. Lin. Sp. 21. Vervain with 
four ftamina to the flowers , fingle Jlender fpikes of flowers , 
and double wing-pointed leaves. Verbena tenuifolia. 
C. B. P. 269. Narrow-leaved Vervain. 
4. Verbena ( Urticafolia ) tetrandra, fpicis filiformibus 
panicuiatis, foliis indivifis ferratis petiolatis. Hort. 
Upfal. 9. Vervain with four ftamina to the flowers , 
Jlender fpikes growing in panicles, and undivided fawed 
leaves having foot -ft alks. Verbena urticae folio Cana- 
denfis. H. R. Par. Canada Vervain with a Nettle leaf. 
A. Verbena ( Spuria ) tetrandra, fpicis filiformibus, fo- 
liis multifido laciniatis, caulibus numerofis. Hort. 
Upfal. 8. Vervain with four ftamina to the flowers, fen- 
der fpikes, leaves with many jagged points, and numerous 
ftalks. Verbena urticae folio Canadenfis foliis incifis 
flore majore. H. R. Par. Nettle-leaved Vervain of Ca- 
nada, with cut leaves and a larger flower. 
6. Verbena (Bonarienfls ) tetrandra, fpicis fafciculatis, 
foliis lanceolatis amplexicaulibus. Plort. Upfal. 8. 
> Vervain with four ftamina to the flower, fpikes difpofed 
in bunches, and fpear-Jhaped leaves embracing the ftalks. 
Verbena Bonarienfls altiffima, lavendulae Canarienfi, 
fpica multiplici. Hort. Elth. 406. Talleft Vervain of 
Buenos Ayres , with many fpikes like the Canary Lavender. 
y. Verbena (Carolina) tetrandra, fpicis filiformibus pa- 
nicuiatis, foliis inferne cordato-oblongis caulinis lan- 
ceolatis ferratis petiolatis. Vervain with four ftamina 
to the flowers, Jlender fpikes growing in panicles, the un- 
der leaves oblong and heart-Jhaped, and thofe on the ftalks 
fpear-Jhaped and fawed, having f 00 t-ft alks. 
g Verbena (Nodiflora) tetrandra, fpicis capitato-coni- 
cis, foliis ferratis, caule repente. Flor. Zeyl. 399. 
Vervain with four ftamina to the flowers, fpikes growing 
in conical heads, fawed leaves, and a creeping ft alk. She- 
rardia repens, folio fubrotundo craffo, nodiflora. Vail. 
Serm. Creeping Sherardia with roundijh thick leaves, and 
flowers collected in knots. 
o. Verbena (Jndica) diandra, fpicis Iongiflimis carnofis 
fubnudis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 19. Vervain with two ftami- 
na to the flowers, and very, longflejhy fpikes which are al- 
moft naked. Verbena folio fubrotundo ferrato, flore 
caeruleo. Sloan. Hift. 171. Vervain with roundijh fawed 
leaves, and a blue flower . 
2 } 
10. Verbena (. Americana ) diandra, fpicis carnofis fub- 
nudis, foliis ovatis obtufis, obfolete crenatis petiola- 
tis. Vervain with two ftamina to the flowers, flefloy fpikes 
which are almoft naked, and oval obtufe leaves growing 
upon foot-flalks, having worn out indentures. Sherardia 
Americana, verbente folio fubrotundo craffo, floribus 
caeruleis fpica longiflima & crafiftlma. Millar. Ameri- 
can Sherardia with a thick , roundijh. Vervain leaf, blue 
flowers, and a very long thick fpike. 
11. Verbena; ( Orubica ) diandra, fpicis Iongiflimis folio- 
fis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 18. Vervain with two ftamina to 
the flowers, and the longejl leafy fpikes. Sherardia ur- 
ticae folio fubtus incano, floribus violaceis. Ehr. tab. 
5. f. 1. Sherardia with a Nettle leaf, which is hoary on 
the under fide, and a Violei-cblcured flower. 
12. Verbena ( Jamaicenfls ) diandra, fpicis brevioribus, 
foliis ovatis ferratis, fubtus incanis. Vervain with two 
ftamina to the flowers, fhorter fpikes, and oval fawed 
leaves which are hoary bn their under fide. 
13. Verbena ( Stcechadifolia ) diandra, fpicis ovatis, fo- 
liis lanceolatis ferrato-plicatis, caule fruticofo. Prod. 
Leyd. 327. Vervain with two ftamina to the flowers, 
oval fpikes, fpear-floaped Laves which are flawed and plait- 
ed, and a Jhrubby Jlalk . Sherardia nodiflora, ftcecha- 
dis ferrati-folii folio. Vaill. Serm. 48. Sherardia with 
a knotted flower, and a leaf like that of the [awed-leaved 
Stcechas. 
14. Verbena (j Fruticofo) diandra, fpicis rotundis, foliis 
ovatis ferratis, caule fruticofo ramofo. Vervain with 
two ftamina to the flowers , round fpikes, oval fawed leaves, 
and a Jhrubby branching Jlalk. Sherardia nodiflora, 
fruticofa, foliis fubrotundis ferratis. Houft; MSS. 
Shrubby Sherardia , with a knotted flower and roundijh 
fawed leaves. 
15. Verbena (Anguftifolia) diandra, fpicis carnofis fub- 
nudis, foliis lineari-lanceolatis obfolete ferratis. Ver- 
vain with two ftamina to the flowers, naked flefloy fpikes, 
and narrow fpear-Jhaped leaves, with worn-out fawed 
edges. Sherardia fpicata, folio angufto ferrato, flore 
caeruleo. Plouft. MSS. Sherardia with fpiked blue flow- 
ers, and a narrow fawed leaf. 
16. Verbena (. Mexicana ) diandra, fpicis laNis, calyci- 
bus frudtus reflexo-pendulis fubglobofis hifpidis. Lin. 
Sp. Plant. 19. Vervain with two ftamina to the flowers , 
loofe fpikes, the empalement of the fruit almoft globular , 
prickly , and reflexed downward. Verbena Mexicana, 
trachelii folio, fruftu aparines. Hort. Elth. 407. 
Mexican Vervain with a Throatwort leaf, and fruit like 
Clivers. 
17. Verbena ( Curaffavica ) diandra, fpicis taxis, caly- 
cibus ariftatis, foliis ovatis argute ferratis. Lin. Sp. 
Plant. 19. Vervain with two ftamina to the flowers, 
loofe fpikes, bearded empalements, and oval leaves which 
are Jharply fawed. Kempfera frutefeens, chamaedry- 
os folio, floribus fpicatis caeruleis. Houft. MSS. 
Shrubby Kempfera with a Germander leaf, and blue fpiked 
flowers. 
18. Verbena (Rugofa) diandra, fpicis ovatis, foliis fub- 
rotundis ferratis & rugofis, caule fruticofo ramofo. 
Vervain with two ftamina to the flowers , oval fpikes, 
roundijh, fawed, rough leaves, and a florubby branching 
Jlalk. Sherardia arborefeens nodiflora foliis ferratis & 
rugofis flore purpureo. Plouft. MSS. Trite-like Sherar- 
dia with a purple flower, and rough fawed leaves. 
The firft fort here mentioned, is very common on the 
fide of roads and foot-paths near habitations ; for al- 
though there is fcarce any part of England, in which 
this plant is not found in plenty, yet it is never found 
err owing above a quarter of a mile from a houfe ; 
which occafioned its being called Simpler’s joy, be- 
caufe wherever this plant is found growing, it is . a 
fare token of a houfe being near; this is a certain 
fa£t, but not eafy to be accounted for. It is rarely 
cultivated in gardens, but is the fort directed by the 
College of Phyficians for medicinal ufe, and is 
brought to the markets by thofe who gather it in the 
fields. 
There is another fpecies which approaches near to 
this, but is taller, the leaves are broader, and the 
flowers larger. It came from Portugal, and is by 
0 Tour- 
