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vou. r able, the glaffes fhould be raifed to admit frefh 
air to the plants •, for if they are too much drawn, 
(efpecially when they begin to flower) they will not 
produce much fruit. If the feafon fhould continue 
long cold, and the heat of the beds fhould decline, it 
will be proper to lay fome frefh hot dung round the 
iides of the beds to renew their heat, being always 
careful not to make them too hot, for that will fcorch 
their roots, and prevent their fruiting. If the plants 
which are planted in thefe beds are ftrong, and in a 
gopd condition for bearing, and care be taken in 
tranfplanting of them to preferve good balls of earth 
to their roots, as alfo to keep a due temperature of 
warmth in the beds, they will produce ripe fruit by 
the end of April, or the beginning of May, in plenty ; 
and will continue bearing, until fome of thofe in the 
open air come in to fucceed them. 
The bed kinds of Strawberries to plant for forcing, 
are the Scarlet and Alpine, for the Hautboys grow 
too rampant for this purpofe. 
But to return to the fubjedt of hot Walls ; what I have 
here inferred concerning the forcing of fruits, has 
been only to obtain thefe fruits earlier in the feafon, 
than they would naturally ripen againft common 
Walls. But in fome parts of England, where molt 
of our good kinds of fruit feldom ripen, it might be 
very well worth while to build fome of thefe Walls, 
to obtain good fruit from the belt kinds of Peaches, 
Plums, &c. efpecially in fuch places where fuel is 
plenty, becaufe there the expence will not be great 
after the firft building of the Walls. For I would not 
propofe to have coverings of glafs, excepting for a 
fmall proportion of the Walls ; the reft may have frames 
ot canvas, or oiled paper, to fhut over them, in the 
fame manner as the glaffes are contrived, which will fuc- 
ceed very well where proper care is taken ; for as 
there will not be occafion to cover thefe trees until 
the beginning of March, at which time alfo the fires 
muft be made, fo before the trees are in flower, the 
weather may be frequently warm enough to open the 
covers to admit fun and air to the trees in the middle 
of the day, for if thefe covers are kept too clofely 
fhut, the fhoots of the trees will draw very weak, and 
their leaves will turn pale for want of light and air. 
And as the defign of thefe contrivances is only to 
bring the trees into flower three, or at moft four 
weeks earlier, than they would naturally come againft 
common Walls, there will be no neceflity of making 
very large fires, or keeping the covers too clofely over 
the trees. 
Inftead of canvas for thefe covers, oiled papers may 
be ufed, which fhould be done in the manner dired- 
ed for raiflng of Melons, by patting as many fheets of 
paper together, as will fit the frames on which they 
are to be fixed ; and when the pafte is dry, the paper 
fhould be fattened into the frames, and then the oil 
rubbed over on the outfide with a brufh, which will 
foak through the paper, and when the paper is dry, 
the covers may be ufed. This paper will laft very 
well one feafon, and the expence of repairing it will 
not be very great •, wherefore thefe are to be prefer- 
red to the canvas, becaufe all forts of plants will 
thrive much better under them, than they will under 
canvas, or any other clofe covering, which will not 
admit the rays of the light fo well through to the plants. 
The frames defigned for either canvas or paper may 
be made much flighter than thofe for glafs, becaufe 
thefe being very light, will not require fo much 
ftrength tolupport them and if thefe are well paint- 
ed, and every year, when their ufe is over, carried 
into fhelter, they will laft a long time, for they will 
not be wanted abroad longer than three months, viz. 
from the beginning of March to the end of May ^ for 
after this time the fruit will not require any covering, 
the trees being then full of leaves, and the young 
fhoots will by that time have made fuch progrefs, as to 
become a good defence for the fruit-, but thefe covers 
fhould not be too fuddenly taken away, but by de- 
grees the trees ftiould be inured to the open an, other- 
wifi* the change will be too great, and may occafion 
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moft of the fruit to fall off) efpecially if cold nights 
fhould follow. 
By this method gentlemen may be fupplied with moft 
of the beft kinds of fruit in the northern parts of 
England, Where without fome fuch care, they cannot 
expeft much good fruit in their gardens. And as 
coal is in great plenty iri thofe places, the expence 
will be very little ; therefore I am furprifed that moft 
of the gentlemen who live in the north, do not put 
this method in pra&ice.' That there are fome few of 
thefe Walls built in the north is well known, but then 
they are chiefly defigned to produce a little early 
fruit, more for curiofity than any real ufe 5 and thefe 
Walls are, for the moft part, fo ill contrived, that 
four times the fuel is expended, as will be requifite 
when the Walls are built after the manner here di- 
rected ; and where the heat is not pretty equally dis- 
tributed through every part of the Wall, fome of the 
trees will have too much heat, while others will have 
little benefit from the fires. 
There are fome perfons who build their hot Walls in 
fuch a manner, as to have the greateft heat under the 
r border, near the roots of the trees, fuppofing there 
is a neceflity for heat to the roots, as well as the 
branches ; but this is a great miftake, for the fires 
muft greatly injure the roots of the trees, by drying 
up the moifture of the earth, as alfo in fcorching the 
tender fibres of thofe roots which lie near them ; 
therefore this pra&ice fhould not be continued, for it 
is much the better method to elevate the firft flue 
nine inches or a foot above the level of the border, 
according as the ground is dry or wet, than to place 
it the leaft below ground, which will only dry the 
earth, and not warm the air about the trees, which is 
the only ufe of artificial heat ; for it is very common- 
ly pra&ifed to draw a branch of a Vine, or other 
fruit-tree, into a ftove, which branch will produce 
its fruit as early as if the whole tree had been forced j 
when, at the fame time, all the other branches of the 
fame tree, which are expofed to the open air, will 
not be the leaft forwarded, though they are all nourifh- 
ed by the fame root ; which is a plain proof, that 
there is no neceflity for adding any warmth to the 
roots of fruit-trees, to have their fruit earlier qr better 
ripened. 
I have alfo heard of fome Walls Which have been built 
for forcing of fruit, with one continued chafm from 
their bottoms to the top, fo that they have been like 
double Walls, with places at proper diftances to make 
the fires ; but thefe can be of little ufe, for if the Walls 
are open at their tops to let out the fmoke, the heat 
will alio efcape with it becaufe, if the fmoke be not 
led'about three or four times in flues in order to warm 
the bricks, the heat will pafs off at the top, without 
doing much fervice to the trees. 
Where the Walls are planted with the beft kinds of 
fruit, which are defigned to ripen them in perfedtion, 
if the autumns ftiould prove cold, or very wet, before 
the fruit are ripe, it will be proper to put the covers 
over the trees and if there are fome flow fires made 
to dry off the damps, it will be of great ufe to pre- 
vent the fruit from growing mouldy, and to haften 
their ripening ; but when this is pra&ifed, the covers 
fhould be taken off, whenever the weather will ad- 
mit of it, that the fruit may enjoy the benefit of the 
free air, without which they will be infipid or ill-tafted. 
Although in the [former diredtions for forcing trees 
in order to have early fruit, I have advifed, that fuch 
trees fhould have one or two years reft in order to re- 
cover vigour, yet that is not to be underftood of thefe 
trees, which are only defigned to be brought forward 
enough to produce their fruit in perfedlion ; for as the 
fires are not defigned to be made till the beginning of 
March, the trees will not be weakened thereby, be- 
caufe they will be inured to the open air long before 
their fruit is ripe, and will have time to ripen their 
fhoots, and form their buds for the next year’s bear- 
ing therefore thefe trees may be thus forced every 
year, without doing them much injury, provided 
they are carefully rpanaged. 
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