into which they put divers pegs, that they may be 
able, with five or fix men, to give it the neceflary 
motion. 
Laftly : There fliould be placed, at five feet from the 
bottom of the bafon, two great beams, which muft 
pafs between the true and thefalfe beams •, thefe muft 
be both fquared or pared away at the great end, on 
both fides where the beams touch, where they let 
them into a notch, to prevent their coming out ; and 
at the back part they put a key, to fecure them from 
being difplaced (for they cannot put them into it ;) 
but neverthelefs, in fuch a manner, that they may 
play between the beams, without changing their po- 
fition -, thefe beams fliould be well fitted to their bed, 
and joined with keys, that they cannot part from 
each other ; for they fliould open infenfibly from the 
falie beams, where they ought alfo to feparate to the 
right of the fcrew, to give place for it. Upon the 
end of thefe beams muft be joined the nut of the Prefs 
with moveable keys, that by this means it may be 
railed or lowered, lb that the beams may rife and fall 
as a kind of iwing, which has the keys for its center, 
which are the falie beams, where the great beams reft, 
and the bag which is upon the bafon. When they 
prels, before the preffman raifes the beam, by means 
of the fcrew, they lower it on the fides of the falfe 
beams a little, that they may force the quoins be- 
tween the beams and the fpurs, which is upon the 
falfe beams, then they lower it with the fame fcrew 
from the fide of the falfe beams. After they have 
moulded the Grapes with the free poles, the planks, 
and the nave, by the help of the wheel which moves 
the fcrew, they prefs the bag ftrongly. 
Thefe beams fiiould be two feet and a half thick, and 
if that is not big enough, they put two upon each 
other, and fometimes three, if it be necelTary ; thefe 
they join together with nails indifferent places, both 
on the bed, and in the front, that they may work 
together, as if there were but two ; and they raife at 
the end of the Prefs, on the fide of the falie beams, a 
imall hanging fcalfold or fteps to go up to ftrike the 
quoins. 
Of the great framed Prefs. 
This fort of Prefs is made like the other, except that 
inftead of blocks, they ufe a frame. They make a 
great pit in the earth twelve feet deep, and nine leqt 
diameter ; and, to fupport the earth, they build a 
wall of done all round it, in the fotm of a well, 
which ought to be leven feet diameter, that they may 
place in this fpace a frame of wood work of a fquare 
figure, joined together with polls, joifts, ground- 
plates, and rafters, like a St. Andrew’s crofs. In this 
frame they put a folid ftone of about three thoufand 
weight ; then they join the fcrew to the center of the 
frame, that they may be turned together, and fo keep 
the beams upon the flock of the wheel, to prefs the 
Grapes, in fuch a manner as if one man was fufpend- 
ed at one end of a pole, which is made fail at the 
other, and in the middle there is fomething to prefs. 
At about two or three feet from the ground is a wheel, 
by means of which, and the weight of the frame, 
they make the fcrew defcend, which lowers the beam. 
The frame fliould be ten feet high, and four feet nine 
inches fquare on each front. Great care fiiould be 
taken of the block Prefles not to fcrew them too hard, 
left it break the beams, and fplit them to pieces, no- 
thing being of greater force than a fcrew. You muft 
not rail to make the dove-tails very exalt, but above 
ail, the fcrew and the nut fliould be made artificially 
to their work. 
Thefe great Prefles make, at one vat or flowage, 
from twenty to twenty-five pieces of Wine. One 
may make it lefs by a fourth part, and it will prefs as 
well, when there are not above ten or fifteen pieces 
of wine. In this cafe the pieces fliould be propor- 
tionably diminiflied in the bignefs from what has been 
defcribed. 
fhe names , length , and thi chiefs, of the pieces which 
compofe a great Prefs. 
The main beams from thirty-two to thirty-five feet 
long, and one with another, from two feet and a half 
to three feet thick. 
The cheeks or fide beams twenty-eight feet long, about 
two feet thick at the bottom, and eighteen inches at 
the top. 
The piles twelve feet long, and twelve or thirteen 
inches thick. It muft be obferved to make thefe with 
counter dove-tails to thofe of the cheeks ; the firft is 
placed at fifteen inches from the bottom of the cheeks; 
one ought to put three from the top, to that which is 
in the ground, and the latter fiiould be even with the 
top of the falfe ftiller. 
Upon the piles of the cheeks, and upon thofe of 
the blocks, are placed braces of wood nine feet long, 
and about nine or ten inches thick, to bind them to- 
gether. 
The ftillers fix feet long, and about fifteen or fixteen 
inches fquare. 
The ground plate eighteen feet long, about eighteen 
inches broad, and fifteen inches thick. 
The falfe beams fourteen or fifteen feet long, about- 
thirteen or fourteen inches broad, nine inches thick 
at the bottom, and fix^at the, top ; thefe ought to be 
planed to the fize of the keys, to fitpport the main 
beam. 
The crofs piece of the falfe beams fix feet long, four 
inches broad, and nine or ten thick. 
The keys of the beams, to the dire&ion of the worm, 
five feet and a half long, eight inches thick towards 
the head, but reduced to half the fize in the remaining 
length. 
The pegs of the keys fourteen inches long, about five 
broad, and at leaft one and a half thick. 
The two crofs timbers of the falfe beams about eight 
feet long, four or five inches thick, and the fame 
breadth of thefalfe beams. 
The two other crofs timbers of the falfe beams nine 
feet long, and about eight inches thick. 
The polls fix feet long, and about eight or nine inches 
thick. 
The pieces of maye, which are at the bafon, twelve 
feet long, about nine or ten inches broad, and fix 
thick. 
The great crofs timbers, put as a band between the 
falfe beams, fix or feven inches thick. 
The two blocks fourteen feet long each ; about fix- 
teen inches thick at the head, and twelve at the 
bottom. 
The fcrew fifteen inches at the bottom before it is 
fquared, thirteen inches, according to the foot of the 
fcrew which forms the fpiral line, and twelve feet 
long. 
The wheel ten feet diameter, with fpokes of four 
inches thicknefs, the fame as the ribs, upon which 
are wooden pegs for four or five inches high, and one 
diameter, admitting eight or nine men in the circum- 
ference of the wheel. 
The nut of the Prefs fix feet long, two feet broad,, 
and fourteen inches thick, which ought to be crefted 
with iron. 
The crofs piece of the cheeks five feet long, about a 
foot thick, and of the fame breadth as the top of the 
cheeks. 
The fpurs, which are placed under the fpindle, be- 
tween the two cheeks, fhould be of the fame breadth 
as the cheeks, and thirteen or fourteen inches thick. 
The girders, which ought to embrace the top of the 
cheeks, muft be two inches higher than the under 
part of the fpurs, one foot broad, and about five 
inches thick. 
The fpindle two feet high, and twelve or four- 
teen inches thick ; this is placed between the fpurs 
and the crofs piece, and crofies the cheeks and the 
fpindle with a key, which ought to be worked very 
I 5 -A- exa£t„ 
